---
title: "幻住庵清規 · 飯頭"
description: "幻住庵清規是元代高僧中峰明本禅师所著的一部禅宗寺院清规。元代是中国禅宗制度发展的重要时期，明本禅师为规范幻住庵的僧团生活而制定此规。其主要内容详细规定了庵中僧众的日常起居、修行仪轨、职务分工及共住准则，旨在通过严整的纪律保障修行。作为禅门清规的重要文献，它不仅是研究元代禅宗寺院制度的珍贵史料，更体现了明本禅师将禅修落实于行住坐卧的实践精神，对后世汉传佛教丛林管理具有深远影响。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmczjyrm7002hjy0akzuxcs8f"
---

### 飯頭

> Rice Cook

粥飯乃一眾命脉所係。不可不留心於其間。故叢林自典座而下至應接無慮數十人皆軄司五味供給二時之至公之道也。今菴居但設一飯頭總柄其事。凡任此責者須拳拳以大眾心食之重。觀察時分之早晚。酌量食指之寡多。撿看米穀之精麤。分別水漿之清濁。樽節菜蔬之多少。顧慮柴薪之有無。乃至收藏洗滌等。勿令穢污毋致餿淹。弗及則食觀不充。過多則遺弃何益。使生熟之得所。令醎淡之合宜。一朝不動眾人心。萬古積成身後福。然出家以利佗為行。今此軄務。莊嚴保社安慰眾心。助轉食輪遠資法化。誠利佗之極致者也。前輩如雪峯大隨溈山諸老。自此而高登祖位盛播遺風。豈猥屑之謂哉。有力於道者宜審之。

> Rice and porridge are the very lifeline of the entire community. One cannot afford to neglect them. In a monastery, from the position of the head cook down to those handling reception, there are dozens of people, all tasked with managing the five flavors and providing for the two daily meals—a most impartial and essential service. In a small hermitage, however, a single rice attendant is appointed to oversee all such matters. Whoever takes on this duty must hold the community's need for food with great reverence in their heart. Pay close attention to the timing of the day's meals, measure the number of mouths to be fed, inspect the quality of the grains—whether fine or coarse—and distinguish the water's clarity or murkiness. Be economical with vegetables, mindful of their quantity, and consider whether firewood is available or scarce. From storing, washing, cleaning—everything must be free from filth and waste, and care must be taken to prevent spoilage or staleness. If the food is insufficient, the community's bowls will not be filled; if it is excessive, what good is discarding the leftovers? Settle everything so that cooked food is done just right, with saltiness and blandness in proper balance. In a single moment, if you can move the hearts of the community, over ten thousand years you will accumulate blessings for your future existences. Now, monastics live by the principle of benefiting others. This duty before you—maintaining harmony, comforting the community, sustaining the turning of the food wheel, and remotely supporting the Dharma's transformative work—is truly the highest expression of benefiting others. Elders of the past, such as Xuefeng, Dasui, and the great masters of Weishan, ascended to the summit of ancestral succession from these very ranks, leaving behind a far-reaching legacy. How could this ever be dismissed as menial or trivial? Those who have strength for the Path should carefully consider this.