---
title: "佛本行集經 · 19 路逢死屍品"
description: "佛本行集經是隋代高僧闍那崛多翻譯的一部重要佛教經典，屬於佛陀傳記類文獻。該經詳細記載了釋迦牟尼佛從誕生、出家、成道到涅槃的完整生平事蹟，內容涵蓋佛陀前世因緣、降生王宮、四門出遊、捨棄王位、苦行悟道、初轉法輪等重要事蹟。闍那崛多作為隋代著名譯經師，其譯本語言流暢，保存了印度佛教原始風貌。此經在漢傳佛教中具有重要地位，是研究佛陀生平及早期佛教思想的重要典籍，為後世佛教史傳文學的發展奠定了基礎，對佛教修行者理解佛陀教法具有指導意義。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmczlrf5u0yv0jj04abun8fd2"
---

### 佛本行集經路逢死屍品第十九

> Chapter 19: Encountering a Corpse on the Road

「爾時，作瓶天子復於一時發如是念：『此之護明菩薩大士，在於宮內，極意歡娛。今時已至，護明菩薩宜早出家。我今可為彼大士故，勸請令出厭離五慾，捨家出家。』是時，作瓶天子心欲勸發於護明故，作意令從宮內而出向彼園林觀看善地。是時太子告馭者言：『謂善馭者！汝可速駕駟馬寶車，我欲出城詣園遊戲。』是時馭者聞太子命，即疾往奏淨飯王言：『大王！當知太子欲出觀看園林。』時，淨飯王勅令莊嚴迦毘羅城，掃灑街巷，荊蕀沙礫朽木、土堆糞穢瓦石，皆悉淨除。乃至園內，所有諸樹，是女名者女瓔珞嚴，男名字者，男瓔珞飾。復振鈴鐸，唱如是言：『莫令更有一人不祥，在太子前，或老或病，乃至太子眼見之後，生於厭離。』是時馭者，即為太子嚴備好車，訖已進上白太子言：『聖子！善聽！莊挍車訖，唯願知時。』太子坐車，威神大德，從城西門出，向於外觀看園林。時作瓶天子於太子前，化作一屍，臥在床上，眾人舁行。復以種種妙色芻衣張施其上，作於斗帳。別有無量無邊姻親，左右前後圍遶哭泣，或有散髮，或有搥胸，或復拍頭交橫兩臂，或復二手取於塵土持坌面頭，或出種種悲咽音聲，淚下如雨，大叫號慟，酸哽難聞。太子覩之，心懷慘惻，問馭者言：『謂善馭者！此是阿誰臥之床上？以種種華，莊嚴圍遶，乃至雜色，芻摩衣服，作於斗帳，人舁而行，大眾周匝，稱冤叫哭。』說偈問言：

> At that time, the celestial being known as the Vase-Maker God thought to himself: “This Bodhisattva, the Guardian of Light, is now indulging in the utmost pleasures within the palace. The time has come for him to leave the household life. For his sake, I should urge him to turn away from the five sensual desires and renounce the world.” With this intention, the Vase-Maker God inspired the Bodhisattva to go out from the palace to a garden and park to see a pleasant place. Then the Crown Prince said to his charioteer: “Good charioteer, quickly harness the four-horse jeweled carriage. I wish to go out of the city to the garden for amusement.” Hearing the prince’s command, the charioteer promptly went to inform King Shuddhodana: “Great King, please know that the Crown Prince wishes to go out and see the gardens.” King Shuddhodana then ordered that the city of Kapilavastu be adorned. The streets and lanes were swept and cleaned, and all thorns, gravel, dead wood, heaps of earth, filth, tiles, and stones were completely removed. As for the trees inside the garden, those with female names were adorned with women’s ornaments, and those with male names with men’s ornaments. Bells were rung, and a proclamation was made: “Let no one inauspicious come before the Crown Prince—neither an old person nor a sick one—lest he see them and become weary of the world.” The charioteer then prepared an excellent carriage for the prince. When it was ready, he reported to him: “Holy Son, please listen. The carriage is fully adorned. It is now time for you to go.” The prince, endowed with majesty and virtue, mounted the carriage and left by the western gate of the city to view the gardens. At that moment, the Vase-Maker God manifested before the prince a corpse lying on a bed, carried by many people. It was covered with various fine multicolored cloth, with a canopy erected over it. Innumerable relatives surrounded it on all sides, weeping. Some had disheveled hair, some beat their chests, some slapped their heads and crossed their arms, others took dust and threw it on their heads and faces. They made various sorrowful sounds, their tears fell like rain, and their wailing was heartbreaking to hear. Seeing this, the prince felt deep compassion. He asked the charioteer: “Good charioteer, who is this lying on the bed, surrounded by various flowers, covered with multicolored cloth, carried by people, with a canopy above, and a crowd uttering cries of lamentation?” He then spoke a verse to ask:

「『王子妙色身端正， 問善馭者此是誰？臥於床上四人舁， 諸親圍遶叫喚哭。』

> "He saw a prince with handsome form and stately grace, And asked the charioteer, 'Who is this in that place, Lying on a bed, carried by four with solemn tread, While weeping relatives gather around the bed?'"

「爾時，作瓶天子以神通力，令善馭者報太子言：『大聖太子！此名死屍。』太子復問善馭者言：『死屍是何？』馭者報言：『大聖太子！此人已捨世間之命，無有威德，今同石木，猶如墻壁，無有別異。捐棄一切親族知識，唯獨精神，自向彼世。從今已後，不復更見，父母兄弟妻子眷屬，如是眷屬，生死別離，更無重見，故名死屍。』向於太子而說偈言：

> At that time, the celestial being Pūrṇaka, using his miraculous power, prompted the charioteer to say to the prince: "Great and holy prince, this is what is called a corpse." The prince then asked the charioteer: "What is a corpse?" The charioteer replied: "Great and holy prince, this person has already left the life of this world. They have no more vitality or presence; they are now like wood or stone, indistinguishable from a wall. They have abandoned all their relatives and acquaintances. Only their consciousness goes on alone to the next life. From now on, they will never again be seen by their parents, brothers, wives, children, or any family. Such is the parting of life and death: there is no meeting again. That is why it is called a corpse." Then, to the prince, he spoke these verses:

「『已捨心意等諸根， 屍骸無識如木石，諸親號咷暫圍遶， 恩愛於此長別離。』

> "Having cast aside the heart and all senses, Their lifeless body, like wood or stone, Is briefly circled by weeping loved ones, Love and attachments here forever gone."

「太子復問善馭者言：『謂善馭者！我亦有此死法以不？又此死法，我已超未？』馭者報言：『大聖太子！太子尊身，於此死法，亦未免脫。世間一切，若天若人，所有親族眷屬識知，各各有是別離之事，彼不見此，此不見彼。』而說偈言：

「『一切眾生此盡業， 天人貴賤平等均，雖處善惡諸世間， 無常至時無有異。』

「爾時太子聞說此已，報馭者言：『若我此身，同有是死，死法未過，又我即今不得見天及以天中所有眷屬，彼等又亦不見於我，我今何假向彼園林遊戲快樂？可速迴車還入宮內，我當思惟。』是時馭者，聞太子命如是言已，即迴車駕，還向宮中。爾時太子至宮內已，端坐思惟：『我當必死，既未能得超越死法。』繫念默然，思惟如是：『世間果報，會歸無常。』而太子初欲入宮時，有一無智愚癡相師，立在大王宮門之外，熟視瞻仰太子面顏上下形容丈夫之相，大聲唱言：『汝諸人輩一切當知！從今日後，至七日內，此之太子，七寶自然成就來應。』時淨飯王問馭者言：『汝善馭者！引導太子，至園林中，頗得稱心，受歡樂不？』馭者長跪奉報王言：『大王！當知太子今出，不至園林。』時，淨飯王問馭者言：『太子何故，不至園林？』馭者白言：『大王！善聽！太子出宮，於其中道，見一死人臥在床上，四人扛舁，乃至親屬，圍遶哭泣，見已即迴還入宮內，思惟不樂。』時淨飯王聞此語已，心內思惟：『阿私陀仙所記必實。太子莫復捨我出家，我今可更增益太子五慾之事，令其染著，勿使出家。』時，淨飯王與其太子，增加服玩種種充足。而有偈說：

「『無量劫海功德行， 太子以見命終人，心大悵怏懷憂愁， 還入宮內思當死。昔置此城宮殿妙， 太子年盛極端嚴，五慾稱心甚自娛， 猶在千目歡喜苑。』

「如是次第，太子在於宮內，具足而受五慾，恣意歡喜。