---
title: "佛本行集經 · 1"
description: "佛本行集經是隋代高僧闍那崛多翻譯的一部重要佛教經典，屬於佛陀傳記類文獻。該經詳細記載了釋迦牟尼佛從誕生、出家、成道到涅槃的完整生平事蹟，內容涵蓋佛陀前世因緣、降生王宮、四門出遊、捨棄王位、苦行悟道、初轉法輪等重要事蹟。闍那崛多作為隋代著名譯經師，其譯本語言流暢，保存了印度佛教原始風貌。此經在漢傳佛教中具有重要地位，是研究佛陀生平及早期佛教思想的重要典籍，為後世佛教史傳文學的發展奠定了基礎，對佛教修行者理解佛陀教法具有指導意義。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmczlrfy50zaxjj04koy3p9xs"
---

### 佛本行集經向菩提樹品第三十上

> Chapter 30, Part 1: Heading Toward the Bodhi Tree

「爾時，菩薩欲求於彼麤食之時，止欲令身少得氣力。當於是時，而彼善生村主之女，從初始見菩薩已來，起於彼日，為菩薩作布施熟食并及器皿，若布施他。或復於前，未至日中，若見沙門若婆羅門乞食來者，所乞熟食并及食器，而悉布施，復心口念如是之願：『藉此施食所有功德，迴施於彼釋種大子所苦行者，願令成就早得諸通，願速成就菩提妙果，願令苦行如心所願，悉具足滿。』如是布施行食并器經過六年。

> At that time, the Bodhisattva, when he wished to seek coarse food, did so only to give his body a little strength. Meanwhile, from the very day the village headman's daughter, Supriya, first saw the Bodhisattva, she began offering him cooked food and vessels, and likewise gave to others. Or again, before midday, whenever she saw monks or Brahmins coming to beg for food, she would give away all the cooked food and eating vessels she had, and in her heart and with her words she made this vow: "By all the merit from this food offering, I dedicate it to that great son of the Shakyas who practices austerities. May he swiftly attain all the superknowledges, may he quickly realize the supreme fruit of Enlightenment, and may his austerities be fulfilled exactly as his heart desires, complete and perfect in every way." Thus she continued this practice of giving food and vessels for six years.

「爾時，菩薩六年既滿，至春二月十六日時，內心自作如是思惟：『我今不應將如是食食已，而證阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。我今更從阿誰邊求美好之食？誰能與我如彼美食，令我食已，即便證取阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。』時菩薩心作於如是思惟之時，有一天子知菩薩心如是思惟，速往詣於善生村主二女之邊，至彼處已，即告之言：『汝善生女！汝若知時，菩薩今欲求好美食，菩薩今須最上美食，食美食已，然後欲證阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。汝等今可為彼備辦足十六分妙好乳糜。』

> At that time, the Bodhisattva had completed six years. On the sixteenth day of the second month of spring, he thought to himself: "I should not eat such food as this and then attain supreme enlightenment. From whom should I now seek fine food? Who can give me such excellent food, so that after eating it, I may immediately attain supreme enlightenment?" When the Bodhisattva's mind had these thoughts, a heavenly being knew what the Bodhisattva was thinking. He quickly went to the two daughters of the village chief of Excellent Life. Arriving there, he told them: "Good daughters of Excellent Life! If you understand the time has come, know that the Bodhisattva now seeks fine food. The Bodhisattva now needs the finest food. After eating this fine food, he will attain supreme enlightenment. You should now prepare for him sixteen portions of excellent milk rice."

「是時善生村主二女，聞於彼天如是告已，歡喜踊躍，遍滿其體不能自勝。速疾集聚一千牸牛，而𤛓乳取，轉更將飲五百牸牛，更別日𤛓此五百牛，轉持乳將飲於二百五十牸牛，後日𤛓此二百五十牸牛之乳，還更飲百二十五牛，後日𤛓此一百二十五牸牛乳，飲六十牛，後日𤛓此六十牛乳，飲三十牛，後日𤛓此三十牛乳，飲十五牛，後日𤛓此十五牛乳，著於一分淨好粳米，為於菩薩煮上乳糜。其彼二女煮乳糜時，現種種相。或復出於滿花瓶相，或現功德河水淵相，或時現於萬字之相，或現功德千輻輪相，或復現於斛領牛相，或現象王龍王之相，或現魚相，或時復現大丈夫相，或復現於帝釋形相，或時有現梵王形相。或復現出乳糜向上涌沸，上至半多羅樹，須臾還下；或現乳糜向上，高至一多羅樹，訖已還下；或現出高一丈夫狀，還入彼器，無有一渧離於彼器而落餘處。煮乳糜時，別有一善解海算數占相師，來至彼之處，見其乳糜出現如是諸種相貌，善占觀已，作如是語：『希有希有！是誰得此乳糜而食？彼人食已，不久而證甘露妙藥。』

> At that time, the two daughters of the village headman, Supriya, heard these words from the heavenly being. They were overjoyed, their whole bodies filled with such happiness that they could barely contain themselves. They quickly gathered a thousand cows and milked them. They fed that milk to five hundred cows, and the next day milked those five hundred cows and fed the milk to two hundred fifty cows. The following day they milked those two hundred fifty cows and fed the milk to one hundred twenty-five cows. The next day they milked those one hundred twenty-five cows and fed the milk to sixty cows. The following day they milked those sixty cows and fed the milk to thirty cows. The next day they milked those thirty cows and fed the milk to fifteen cows. The following day they milked those fifteen cows and cooked the milk with a portion of pure, fine japonica rice to make a supreme milk-rice offering for the Bodhisattva. While the two daughters were cooking the milk-rice, many wondrous signs appeared. At times, the shape of a vase overflowing with flowers emerged. At times, a deep whirlpool of the river of merit appeared. At times, a swastika symbol appeared. At times, a thousand-spoked wheel of merit appeared. At times, the form of a great bull appeared. At times, the form of a noble elephant king or dragon king appeared. At times, the form of a fish appeared. At times, the form of a great being appeared. At times, the form of Indra appeared. At times, the form of Brahma appeared. Sometimes the milk-rice boiled up and surged upward, reaching half a tala tree in height before settling back down. Sometimes it rose as high as a full tala tree before settling back down. Sometimes it rose to the height of a man and then returned into the pot—not a single drop spilled outside the pot to fall elsewhere. While the milk-rice was cooking, a certain fortune-teller skilled in ocean mathematics and divination came to that place. Seeing all the various signs appearing in the milk-rice, he carefully observed and interpreted them, then spoke these words: "How extraordinary, how extraordinary! Who will eat this milk-rice? Whoever eats it will soon attain the wondrous medicine of immortality."

「爾時菩薩至於二月二十三日，於晨朝時，齊整著衣，欲向優婁頻蠡聚落而行乞食，漸漸至於難提迦村。至彼村已，在村主家大門之外默然而立，欲求食故。是時善生村主之女，見於菩薩在其門邊默然求食，見已即便取一金鉢，盛貯安置和蜜乳糜，滿其鉢中，自手執持，向菩薩前，到已即住白菩薩言：『唯願尊者！受我此鉢和蜜乳糜，憐愍我故。』

> At that time, on the twenty-third day of the second month, in the morning, the Bodhisattva neatly put on his robes and set out toward the village of Uruvilva to beg for food. Gradually, he came to the village of Nandika. Arriving at that village, he stood silently outside the main gate of the village headman's house, seeking food. Then the village headman's daughter, Supriya, saw the Bodhisattva standing silently by her gate seeking food. Seeing him, she immediately took a golden bowl, filled it with honeyed milk rice, and holding it in her own hands, went before the Bodhisattva. Having approached, she stood and said to the Bodhisattva: "Reverend sir, please accept this bowl of honeyed milk rice from me, out of compassion for me."

「爾時菩薩見彼乳糜調和於蜜，內心如是思惟念言：『我今得好封瘡之藥，是故我今應須強發精進之行，欲證甘露及正法故。又我久來失此法體及是法行，今日應須生道路故，我今發是誓願之相，我辦是意，如我今日此所和蜜功德乳糜，依時奉持摶食之食，依法食已，我應須度死命鬼界，伏彼死命鬼軍之眾，度於彼岸。』

「菩薩如是思惟念已，受彼乳糜，而問善生村主女言：『姊善仁者！我若食此乳糜訖後，將此鉢器，付囑與誰？』善生女言：『付與仁者！』菩薩復言：『我如是器，無有用處。』善生女言：『仁者隨意思念所作，又我從來布施他食，恒常備辦并器布施。』

「爾時，菩薩受彼食已，從於優婁頻蠡聚落正念而出，安庠漸至尼連河岸。到已即便持所得食，安置一邊清淨之地，脫衣入彼河中澡浴，除身熱氣。菩薩澡浴身體之時，虛空諸天，以天種種微妙香末和彼水雨，種種雜下雨於水上。

「爾時彼處尼連禪河，以諸末香種種眾花彌滿水上，合雜而流。是時菩薩，於彼水中既澡浴已，取其袈裟，於水中濯出捩曬乾，著於體上，欲渡彼水，波流湍疾，身體尫羸，不能得越，兼復六年精勤苦行，身力劣弱，不能得濟彼河之岸。

「爾時，彼河有一大樹名頞誰那隋言今者，彼樹之神，名柯俱婆隋言小峯，住依彼樹。時彼樹神，以諸瓔珞莊嚴之臂，引向菩薩。是時菩薩，執樹神手，得渡彼河。菩薩所浴河內香水，一切諸天各各分取，將還宮殿，以此功德吉祥水故，將灑自宮。

「爾時，彼河尼連禪主有一龍女，名尼連茶耶隋言不寡，從地踴出，手執莊嚴天妙筌提，奉獻菩薩。菩薩受已，即坐其上。坐其上已，取彼善生村主之女所獻乳糜，如意飽食，悉皆淨盡。菩薩既食彼乳糜已，緣過去世行檀福報業力熏故，身體相好，平復如舊，端正可喜，圓滿具足，無有缺減。

「爾時菩薩食彼糜訖，以金鉢器，棄擲河中。時海龍王，生大希有奇特之心，復為菩薩難現世故，執彼金器，擬欲供養，將向自宮。是時天主釋提桓因，即化其身作金翅鳥，金剛寶𭉨，從海龍邊奪取金鉢，向忉利宮三十三天，恒自供養。於今彼處三十三天立節，名為供養菩薩金鉢器節，從彼已來，至今不斷。

「爾時菩薩食糜已訖，從坐而起，安庠漸漸向菩提樹，彼之筌提其龍王女，還自收攝，將歸自宮，為供養故。而有偈說：

「『菩薩如法食乳糜， 是彼善生女所獻，食訖歡喜向道樹， 決定欲證取菩提。』

## 佛本行集經卷第二十五