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  1. Determining the Meaning of All Teachings (諸教決定名義論)
  1. Treatise Determining the Meaning of All Teachings (諸教決定名義論)
  2. Determining the Meaning of All Teachings (諸教決定名義論)

Treatise Determining the Meaning of All Teachings (諸教決定名義論)

About 諸教決定名義論

Song · by 慈氏菩薩造 · Source text translated by 施護

1,612 · about 5 min

The Treatise Determining the Meaning of All Teachings Composed by the Indian Mahayana Bodhisattva Maitreya, Translated into Chinese during the Song Dynasty by the scripture translator Shihu. This treatise is an important text of the Yogacara school. It employs a question-and-answer format to elucidate key terms and principles in Mahayana doctrine, such as the core concepts of Prajna (Wisdom), Consciousness-Only, and Buddha-Nature. It synthesizes the views of various schools to clarify the ultimate meaning. The treatise reflects the trend in later Indian Buddhism toward systematizing doctrinal teachings. It provides an authoritative basis for understanding Mahayana terminology and holds a standard-setting position in Chinese Buddhism regarding doctrinal interpretation. It is a vital text for studying Yogacara and Buddhist philosophy.


諸教決定名義論

Treatise on Determining the Meanings of All Teachings

聖慈氏菩薩造

Treatise of the Holy Bodhisattva Maitreya

西天譯經三藏朝奉大夫試鴻臚卿傳法大師臣施護奉 詔譯

Translated by Dharma Master Shi Hu, Imperial Commissioner of the Western Regions, Court Attendant, and Examiner of the Court of State Ceremonial,

歸命一切佛世尊, 歸命所說三乘法,
歸命一切和合眾, 歸命普賢法界理。

I bow to all Buddhas, the World-Honored Ones. I bow to the three vehicles of the Dharma they taught. I bow to the harmonious community of practitioners. I bow to Samantabhadra’s truth—the reality of the Dharmadhātu.

今當略說一切教中諸根本字。彼如實義此中云何?所謂:

Now I will briefly explain the fundamental words found in all teachings. What is their true meaning here? Namely:

唵字最為上首。我今頂禮此字清淨住不二相。若復有人能以此字舌上轉者,彼得真實諸慧根本。此字於一切教中甚深祕密。

The syllable "Om" is the foremost of all. I now bow to this syllable, which abides in purity and is free from duality. If someone can turn this syllable on their tongue, they will attain the true foundation of all wisdom. This syllable is the deepest and most secret teaching within all scriptures.

復有三字,所謂金剛吽字而為正因,從是字中宣說一切正法儀軌,彼三界心此法如是。惡字為說相,盎字即空性。即彼惡字復為慧母,若道非道皆從是說,亦即法界文字根本,遍入空性初後相應,由此正智而得成就。若法有說皆悉成就,彼無所說亦復如是。是故一切造作皆悉平等,於輪迴中隨順而轉。
所言法界文字此復云何?是故今說。所謂:
迦(訖當切)佉(去當切)誐(宜當切)伽(其當切)左(左當切)蹉(悽當切)惹(𠰒當切)酇(齊當切)吒(知江切)姹(敕江切)拏(尼江切)茶(直江切)多(低剛切)他(梯剛切)那(泥剛切)馱(蹄剛切)波(卑剛切)頗(紕剛切)摩(縻剛切)婆(步剛切)羊囉羅罔桑㰠(呼郎切)。
如是諸字,即如前說彼盎字攝。此相今說,是即空性,出生甚深一切教法,此復名為空空。出現一切說相,所謂迦佉誐伽左蹉惹酇吒姹拏茶多他那馱波頗摩婆耶囉羅嚩薩賀。
如是諸字,即如前說,彼惡字攝。此相今說,謂即一一文字皆從一切智智所生初相應行,我法二種皆悉平等,金剛加持究竟安住。
復次一切事業皆從金剛三昧出生。所謂:
迦(引)佉(引)誐(引)伽(引)左(引)蹉(引)惹(引)酇(引)吒(引)姹(引)拏(引)茶(引)多(引)他(引)那(引)馱(引)波(引)頗(引平)摩(引)婆(引)耶(引)囉(引)羅(引)嚩(引)薩(引)賀(引)。如是諸字皆阿(引)字攝。此相今說,謂一切金剛事業。復次今說:
烏(烏功切)污(烏貢切)壹(伊靈切)翳(伊證切)哩(黎丁切下同)哩梨(里丁切下同)梨伊(依綾切)愛(依崗切)唵(烏籠切)奧(烏當切)。
此中唵字相,今如是說,謂即一切文字從彼出生。
此中吽字相,即如前說,一切事業皆從金剛三昧出生。
復次如前所說諸字,謂即三身,若性、若相如實安住。所謂:
吽字即法身,阿字即報身,唵字即化身。如是三字攝此三身。彼分別說三乘解脫道,是為正說因。所有聲聞緣覺及一切智智,由是出現說一切法。即彼三字,亦是金剛三業如實安住。所謂:
唵(引)阿(引)吽(引)。
此中唵字是名金剛身業,阿(引)字金剛語業,吽字金剛心業。
又復阿惡二字安住空性,此中惡字亦為正智,此中阿字是即正覺最上祕密。
又復吽字而為心智,覺了一切法。如上所說一切文字,當知皆從盎阿(引)吽三字所生,由是諸法起種種相,今當分別。彼一切法皆與盎阿(引)二字初後相攝,此中吽字出生一切,於三界中出現眾色,所有天、人、龍、阿修羅、迦樓羅、緊那羅、乾闥婆,成就持明天、吉祥天、辯才天、烏摩天,帝釋天、梵王天、那羅延天、大自在天,如是等天及天后,所有一切有情界中男子女人,乃至諸佛菩薩等,皆從此吽字出生變化,彼一一心住此字相。
若心想此字時,當住虛空出生無礙,所謂三界心同此一心入。入是心已,此得名為現證菩提。當知此心無等無取、無著無住、無表無相,是即虛空平等一切智。無所得相應、無自無他相應正行。世間所有旃陀羅等最下族類彼等諸行,乃至傍生等類彼所行行,種種差別。如是諸行雖復差別,皆亦不離一切智智相應正行。
復次一切文字性非有說,然彼一切智智於諸文字方便宣說。
此中文字當云何義?謂虛空義。虛空何義?謂空性義。空性何義?謂戍室囉義。戍室囉何義?謂無說義。無說何義?謂無相義。無相何義?謂一切智義。一切智何義?謂如意寶義。如意寶何義?謂即智義。智復何義?所謂心義。心復何義?謂彼三界大自在義。三界大自在何義?謂遍照義。遍照何義?謂梵天義。梵天何義?謂大力天義。大力天何義?謂自在天義。自在天何義?謂即佛義。佛者何義?謂金剛薩埵義。金剛薩埵何義?謂觀自在義。觀自在何義?謂世間義。世間何義?謂輪迴義。輪迴何義?謂涅槃義。涅槃何義?謂不可數義。不可數何義?謂不可知義。不可知何義?謂無生義。無生何義?謂無滅義。無滅何義?謂無色義。無色何義?謂無聲義。無聲何義?謂無根本義。無根本何義?謂無長養義。無長養何義?謂無住義。無住何義?此無住者即無所有,離諸有智思惟分別,出過諸佛及佛菩提,安住金剛吽字根本。即此吽字復成蓮華火曼拏羅,住空空性、離塵法性二種根本最上清淨相應勝行。
如是了知已,於輪迴中勇猛精進,普令獲得涅槃大樂。若住此心,是為智者滅苦惱法,二種根本皆悉平等,是為最上精進勝行,成就牟尼大安樂法,安住正念。如日光明普照世間,心智平等相應安住。所有一切甚深祕密如前所說,彼戍室囉及虛空分皆如是說。
如是成就最上樂法,即得諸佛自性相應,了知世間所有眾生一切生法、喜愛二種和合相應當知無性,彼無常法畢竟空寂。
諸教決定名義論

CBETA Code: T1658

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