---
title: "大薩遮尼乾子所說經 · 2 問疑品"
description: "大薩遮尼乾子所說經由元魏時期北印度僧人菩提留支翻譯。該經屬大乘佛教經典，記錄了尼乾子大薩遮與佛陀的對話，闡述菩薩行的核心教義，包括發菩提心、修六度萬行及如來藏思想。經文強調眾生本具佛性，並深入探討了菩薩如何於世間實踐慈悲與智慧。此經對漢傳佛教如來藏學說的發展具有重要影響，為研究南北朝時期佛教思想與實踐提供了關鍵文獻，在佛教哲學體系中佔有崇高地位。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmdzqdksn00srih04gzfyfbee"
---

### 大薩遮尼乾子所說經問疑品第二

> Chapter 2: The Questioning

爾時，聖者文殊師利法王子菩薩見諸無量大眾雲集，見佛、世尊現大勝妙希有之相，作是思惟：「今者世尊為何事故先現此相？我有疑事今應當問。何以故？如來、世尊處在百千萬福莊嚴師子妙座，威光殊特，照曜顯現，如是無量大眾集會，難可值遇。」作是念已，即從坐起，偏袒右肩，右膝著地，合掌向佛，即以偈頌讚歎如來而說偈言：

> At that time, the noble Mañjuśrī, the Dharma Prince Bodhisattva, seeing the vast assembly gathered like clouds, and seeing the Buddha, the World-Honored One, displaying a supremely wonderful and rare sign, thought to himself: "For what reason has the World-Honored One now manifested this sign? I have doubts about this matter and should ask now. Why? The Tathāgata, the World-Honored One, sits upon the lion throne adorned with a hundred thousand blessings, with majestic light extraordinary, shining brightly. Such a vast assembly gathered is difficult to encounter." Having thought this, he rose from his seat, bared his right shoulder, placed his right knee on the ground, joined his palms toward the Buddha, and praised the Tathāgata with verses, saying:

「世尊十力雄， 天人諸世間，三界無與等， 何有能過者。譬如須彌王， 出大海小山，深固不傾動， 諸天蒙安隱；如來須彌王， 過聖生死海，諸功德住持， 安住不可動，功德須彌身， 顯出諸世間，一切依如來， 安隱住涅槃。譬如空無障， 滿月獨明照，一切星宿光， 隱沒不能現；如來十力淨， 智慧月明朗，神通弟子眾， 亦如星宿光。譬如日光輪， 照曜諸世間，除滅一切闇， 諸小光不現；如來智日輪， 照除世間闇，諸梵王等光， 隱沒不能現。譬如夜然火， 置在高山頂，以體明淨故， 十方闇皆見；如來大明火， 智慧山高顯，照煩惱闇界， 法性令開現。譬如師子王， 雄猛蓋諸獸，不現威怒相， 一切獸降伏；如來師子王， 無畏力具足，慈心諸外道， 自然皆降伏。譬如摩尼珠， 放光照世間，隨諸眾生願， 一切雨滿足；如來摩尼珠， 智慧幢照遠，能雨大法雨， 滿足眾生願。譬如轉輪王， 具足七寶福，遊諸四天下， 怨對生親友；如來轉輪王， 具足十力寶，攝諸四魔眾， 皆歸如來道。譬如帝釋王， 三十三天主，布正善法堂， 諸天歡喜受；如來天帝釋， 三界大法王，慈心觀諸趣， 坐涅槃法堂，興大慈悲雲， 雨甘露法雨，天人歡喜受， 修行無上道。」

> "The World-Honored One's ten powers are mighty, In the realms of gods and humans, throughout all worlds, None in the three realms can compare, Who could possibly surpass Him? Like the king of Mount Sumeru, Rising above the sea's small hills, Deep-rooted, unshakable, Bringing peace and security to the gods; The Tathāgata, king of Sumeru, Has crossed the sea of holy birth and death, His virtues firmly upheld, Unmovable and steadfast. His virtuous Sumeru-like form Shines forth throughout all worlds, All rely on the Tathāgata, Securely abiding in Nirvana. Like the unobstructed sky, The full moon shines alone, All starlight fades, Unable to appear; The Tathāgata's ten powers are pure, His wisdom-moon bright and clear, The divine powers of His disciples Are like the light of stars. Like the sun's radiant disk, Illuminating all worlds, Dispelling all darkness, All lesser lights fade; The Tathāgata's wisdom-sun Shines away the world's darkness, The light of Brahma kings and others Vanishes, unable to appear. Like a fire lit at night, Placed atop a high mountain peak, Its body bright and pure, Visible to all ten directions in the dark; The Tathāgata's great bright fire, His wisdom-mountain towering high, Illuminates the realm of affliction's darkness, Revealing the nature of reality. Like the lion king, Fierce and surpassing all beasts, Without showing wrathful power, All beasts submit; The Tathāgata, lion king, Fully endowed with fearless strength, With compassionate heart, all non-Buddhists Naturally surrender. Like a wish-fulfilling jewel, Radiating light throughout the world, Granting all beings' wishes, Satisfying every need; The Tathāgata's wish-fulfilling jewel, His wisdom-banner shines far, Raining down the great Dharma rain, Fulfilling all beings' wishes. Like a wheel-turning king, Endowed with the fortune of seven treasures, Traveling through the four continents, Turning enemies into friends; The Tathāgata, wheel-turning king, Endowed with the ten-power treasures, Gathers the hosts of the four Māras, All returning to the Tathāgata's path. Like King Śakra, Lord of the Thirty-Three Heavens, Establishing the hall of true Dharma, Joyfully received by the gods; The Tathāgata, heavenly king Śakra, Great Dharma king of the three realms, With compassionate heart observes all destinies, Sits in the hall of Nirvana's Dharma, Raises the great cloud of compassion, Rains down the nectar of Dharma rain, Gods and humans joyfully receive it, Practicing the unsurpassed path."

爾時聖者文殊師利法王子菩薩說諸偈頌讚歎佛已，合掌白佛言：「世尊！如來乃能為諸大眾說菩薩行方便境界奮迅法門，以聞此經，諸有信樂無上大乘善根眾生皆發阿耨多羅三藐三菩提心，及信小乘狹劣眾生亦發無上菩提之心，已發無上大心眾生而能增長菩提之念，諸狹劣行小見眾生能發大行，退道眾生而能進取大菩提道，以取菩提勝道眾生能入如來智慧莊嚴深密法中。」

> At that time, the noble Mañjuśrī, Dharma Prince Bodhisattva, having praised the Buddha with verses, joined his palms and addressed the Buddha, saying: "World-Honored One, the Tathāgata is truly able to expound to the great assembly the Dharma gate of the Bodhisattva’s practice, skillful means, sphere of activity, and vigorous swiftness. Through hearing this sutra, all sentient beings who have faith and delight in the supreme Great Vehicle and possess wholesome roots will give rise to the mind of Anuttarā Samyaksaṃbodhi. Even those sentient beings of narrow and inferior capacity who cling to the Lesser Vehicle will also give rise to the mind of supreme Bodhi. Those who have already given rise to the great mind of the supreme will be able to increase their thought of Bodhi. Sentient beings of narrow practice and limited views will be able to generate great practice. Those who have regressed from the path will be able to advance and enter the great path of Bodhi. And those who have taken up the supreme path of Bodhi will be able to enter the profound and secret Dharma of the Tathāgata’s Wisdom Adornment."

爾時世尊告文殊師利法王子菩薩言：「文殊師利！諸佛、如來、應、正遍知所有難信、難知、難覺、難識、難量、難入深密之法，一切天、人不知如來依何意說。文殊師利！如此甚深微妙之法，若有眾生行惡行者，不知此法、不識此法；諸破戒者，不知此法、不識此法；樂小行者，不信此法；破壞心者，不信此法；為惡知識所攝持者，不入此法；諸善知識所不攝者，不入此法；不為諸佛住持眾生，不聞此法——除諸如來加力持者，能聞此法、能信此法，無有是處。」

> At that time, the World-Honored One addressed the Dharma Prince Bodhisattva Manjushri, saying: "Manjushri! All Buddhas, Tathagatas, the Worthy Ones, the Perfectly Enlightened Ones possess profound, hidden teachings that are difficult to believe, difficult to know, difficult to realize, difficult to recognize, difficult to measure, and difficult to enter. All heavenly beings and humans do not understand upon what intention the Tathagatas speak. Manjushri! Such profoundly subtle teachings—if there are beings who engage in evil conduct, they do not know these teachings, they do not recognize these teachings; those who break the precepts do not know these teachings, they do not recognize these teachings; those attached to lesser practices do not believe in these teachings; those with destructive minds do not believe in these teachings; those led by evil companions do not enter these teachings; those not guided by good companions do not enter these teachings; beings not sustained by the Buddhas do not hear these teachings—except for those empowered by the Tathagatas' strength, there is no possibility that they can hear these teachings or believe in them."

爾時世尊重宣此義而說偈言：

> Then the World-Honored One once more spoke in verse, saying:

「美妙聲法子， 能問我此事，汝今至心聽， 我當為汝說。眾生無明覆， 唯有信小心，聞此大乘法， 不信故不說。若於無量世， 過去諸佛所，修行諸善行， 善根具成熟，如是諸眾生， 常被如來加，聞說生歡喜， 乃能諦信受。若為惡知識， 毒蛇之所螫，離於善知識， 不聞甘露法，於諸勝法中， 起於放逸心，墮大邪見坑， 聞說不生信。眾生心狹劣， 不堪受大法，聞退生不信， 起於誹謗心，長夜墮惡道， 永不聞佛法，為彼起悲心， 故我不速說。」

> "O Wonderful Sound Dharma Prince, You who ask me of this matter, Listen now with your whole heart, And I shall explain it to you. Beings are veiled by ignorance, Possessing only a small measure of faith. When they hear this Great Vehicle Dharma, They do not believe, therefore I do not speak. If, through countless past lives, At the places of past Buddhas, They have cultivated all good practices, And their virtuous roots have fully ripened, Such beings are always blessed by the Tathagata. Hearing this teaching, they rejoice, And are then able to truly believe and accept it. But if they are with evil companions, Stung by the venomous snake, Separated from good spiritual friends, Not hearing the Dharma, the nectar of immortality, Then, toward these supreme teachings, They give rise to a negligent mind. Falling into the pit of great wrong views, Hearing it, they do not give rise to faith. The minds of beings are narrow and inferior, Unable to bear the great Dharma. Hearing it, they retreat, giving rise to disbelief, And a mind of slander arises. For long nights they fall into evil destinies, Never again hearing the Buddha's Dharma. Out of compassion for them, Therefore, I do not speak it quickly."

爾時聖者文殊師利法王子菩薩白佛言：「世尊！此會大眾皆善清淨，善行諸行，善能供養諸佛、如來，善能將護諸善知識，善能修集清淨信眼，善入大智信諸境界，善具清淨深心、直心。此會大眾一切善能觀諸境界，能知此法、能識此法。善哉，世尊！唯願為我及時會大眾樂聞之心善說此法。」而說偈言：

> At that time, the noble Mañjuśrī, Prince of the Dharma, Bodhisattva, addressed the Buddha, saying: “World-Honored One! This assembly is wholly virtuous and pure, well-practiced in all good deeds, well able to make offerings to all Buddhas and Tathāgatas, well able to support and protect good spiritual friends, well able to cultivate the pure eye of faith, well able to enter the great wisdom that trusts all realms, well endowed with a pure, profound, and straightforward mind. Everyone in this assembly is fully capable of observing all realms, knowing this Dharma, and recognizing this Dharma. Excellent, World-Honored One! We pray that you will, in accordance with the eager hearts of this assembly, skillfully expound this Dharma.” And he spoke in verse:

「此會諸眾生， 已於無量劫，一切諸佛所， 種善根滿足。如是眾生等， 能入佛境界，為滿法器故， 願佛今速說。一切皆瞻仰， 天人師面門，恭敬合掌觀， 渴仰目不捨。願世尊愍此， 渴仰眾生心，雨大妙法雨， 令生善法牙。我今請如來， 無上大法王，願開甘露門， 轉最勝法輪。是諸眾生等， 若聞佛所說，能行無上道， 究竟涅槃法。」

> All beings gathered here have, for countless ages, Planted roots of goodness at the feet of all Buddhas, Fulfilling them completely. Such beings as these can enter the Buddha's realm. To fill their vessels of capacity, We pray the Buddha now swiftly speak. All gaze upward at the face of the Teacher of gods and humans, Reverently joining palms, watching with longing eyes, Their thirsty gaze never turning away. May the World-Honored One take pity on these beings' yearning hearts, Shower down the great, wondrous rain of Dharma, And cause the sprouts of wholesome qualities to grow. I now entreat the Tathagata, the supreme King of Dharma, To open the gate of sweet dew, And turn the wheel of the most sublime teaching. If these beings hear what the Buddha proclaims, They will be able to walk the supreme path, And attain the ultimate Dharma of Nirvana.