---
title: "生經 · 23 佛說所欣釋經"
description: "竺法护是西晋时期著名译经家，祖籍月氏，世居敦煌。他深感当时佛教经典匮乏，发愿西行求法，带回并翻译了大量佛典。《生经》便是其重要译作之一，由诸多佛陀本生故事汇集而成，主要讲述释迦牟尼佛在过去世中，为菩萨时修行慈悲喜舍、救度众生的种种事迹。该经不仅是研究本生故事和早期佛教思想的重要文献，也为大乘菩萨道的实践提供了经典依据，在汉传佛教经典体系中占有独特地位，对后世佛教文学和艺术产生了深远影响。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmdztnp9w014jl4048bqrgvo7"
---

### 佛說所欣釋經第二十三

> The Sutra of the Happiness That Buddha Speaks, Chapter 23

聞如是：

> Thus have I heard:

一時佛遊舍衛祇樹給孤獨園，與大比丘眾千二百五十人俱。所欣釋子，多所遊至，出入無節，所詣門族，不可稱計。或晨、或冥、或早入冥出。於時阿難、優陀、薄拘盧等，合會一處，謂所欣釋子曰：「賢者！何為而多行來不知時節，何不時出時入？所詣之處，不自節量？」所欣釋子尋罵眾賢，出麤獷辭：「卿等無智，擾擾搖動，不能自安，喧呼惡口。卿等懈怠，不為眾僧有所興立。吾今出入，常為眾僧，嚴辦所當。卿等能任如是勞乎？為諸眾僧有所辦耶？勿得謂吾：『多有事理。』諸賢多務，甚於吾身。」所欣釋子：「卿等且復有所合辦，知何如吾辦眾僧事？」

> Thus have I heard: at one time, the Buddha was staying in the Jeta Grove, in Anathapindika's Park, together with a great assembly of twelve hundred fifty monks. Among them was a young Shakya clansman, who traveled about freely, coming and going without restraint, visiting countless families—sometimes at dawn, sometimes at dusk, sometimes entering early and leaving late. At that time, Ananda, Udayin, and Bakkula gathered together and said to this young Shakya clansman: "Venerable one, why do you wander about so much, without regard for proper times? Why not come and go at suitable hours, and show some moderation in your visits?" The young Shakya clansman immediately cursed them with harsh words: "You have no wisdom! You fidget and fuss, unable to stay still, shouting and speaking rudely. You are lazy, and do nothing of benefit for the Sangha. As for me—when I come and go, it is always to arrange what is needed for the community. Can you handle such work? Do you actually accomplish anything for the monks? Don't tell me I am overly busy. Your concerns far exceed mine!" He added: "You all have your own duties, but how do they compare to what I do for the Sangha?"

時諸比丘，同共發意。彼時三人，言語柔軟：「威德殊妙，依本福行，多所獲致，過踰於彼。」所欣釋子：「鈍愚男子以卒暴決，愚騃自用，強有所求，不得如志。」有一異天，詣長者家，得滿大甖若干供養。賢者阿難，詣他長者，以柔軟辭，宿德堅強，為說經法，令其家人，歡喜踊躍。從得分衛，大獲供養，隨意所施，不強不求。

> At that time, all the monks shared the same resolve. The three men spoke with gentle words: "Their majesty and virtue are wonderfully fine, based on their past deeds of merit, obtaining much more than others." The sons of the Shakya clan, proud and foolish, acted rashly, stubborn and self-willed, forcefully seeking things, yet could not attain their desires. A certain celestial being came to a householder's home and received a large jar filled with various offerings. The wise Ananda went to another householder, speaking with gentle words, steadfast in his past virtue, expounding the Dharma to them, causing the family to rejoice and leap with joy. He then received offerings from alms, obtaining great provisions, given freely according to their will, without force or excessive seeking.

時諸比丘往啟佛，具說本末。佛告諸比丘：「於此四人，不但今世諍功分衛，唯有一人，所獲薄少，餘人得多。阿難比丘，眾人勸助，一切所安。往古久遠不可計時，於他異土。時有四人，以為親厚，相斂聚會，共止一處。時有獵師，射獵得鹿，欲來入城。各共議言：『吾等設計，從其獵師，當索鹿肉，知誰獲多？』俱即發行，一人陳辭，出其󰉕言，而高自畜：『咄卿男子，當惠我肉，欲得食之。』第二人曰：『唯兄施肉，令弟得食。』第三人曰：『仁者可愛，以肉相與，吾思食之。』第四人曰：『親厚捐肉，唯見乞施，吾欲食之。』俱共飢渴。時獵師察四人言辭，各隨所言，以偈報曰：

> Then the monks went to the Buddha and told him the whole story from beginning to end. The Buddha said to the monks: "Concerning these four people, it is not only in this lifetime that they have quarreled over alms and offerings—only one of them received a small portion, while the others got more. Ananda the monk was supported and encouraged by everyone, and all was well for him. Long ago, in an immeasurably distant time, in another land, there were four people who were close friends. They gathered together and lived in one place. At that time, a hunter shot and caught a deer and was about to bring it into the city. The four friends discussed among themselves: 'Let us each come up with a plan and ask the hunter for some deer meat. We will see who gets the most!' So they all set out together. The first one spoke up, raising his voice arrogantly: 'Hey, you fellow! You should give me some meat, for I wish to eat it.' The second one said: 'Please, brother, give me some meat, so that your younger brother may eat.' The third one said: 'Kind sir, you are dear to me—share the meat with me, for I wish to eat it.' The fourth one said: 'Dear friend, give me some meat, I beg you—I wish to eat it.' They were all hungry and thirsty. Then the hunter, observing the words of the four, responded to each in turn with a verse:"

「『卿辭甚麤󰉕， 云何相與肉？其言如刺人， 但以角相施。』

> "The words you speak are crude, How can they offer flesh? Their speech pierces like thorns, Yet only horns are given in return."

「復以偈報第二人曰：

> Then he replied to the second person with a verse:

「『此人為善哉！ 謂我以為兄，其辭如肢體， 便持一脚與。』

「復次第三人以偈報曰：

「『可愛敬施我， 而心懷慈哀，辭言如腹心， 便以心肝與。』

「復次第四人以偈報曰：

「『以我為親厚， 其身得同契，此言快善哉！ 以肉皆相施。』

「於時獵師，隨其所志言辭麤細，各與肉分。於時天頌曰：

「『一切男子辭， 柔軟歸其身，是故莫麤言， 衰利不離身。』」

爾時佛告諸比丘：「第一麤辭則所欣釋子、第二人者󰉈陀和梨、第三黑優陀、第四阿難也！天說偈者，則吾身。爾時相遇，今亦如是。」

佛說如是，莫不歡喜。