---
title: "佛說目連問戒律中五百輕重事 · 12 缽事品"
description: "佛說目連問戒律中五百輕重事是一部重要的漢傳佛教律典，相傳由目犍連尊者啟問，佛陀親口宣說，然原譯本已佚，現存為後世輯錄。該經形成於印度佛教部派時期，主要闡述比丘、比丘尼日常行持中涉及的五百條戒律輕重開遮、犯相與懺悔法則。其內容細緻規範僧團生活，是研究早期佛教戒律的重要文獻，在漢傳佛教律學體系中具有權威地位，為僧眾持戒修行提供了具體依據。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cme3s5wn8005wjv04yuwb55sd"
---

### 問鉢事品第十二

問：「鉢云何失？」答：「若緣缺、若穿穴、若破裂、若油不捨，盡是失。緣缺穿穴，不可復持。裂者綴已施人，人還更受。油不捨亦爾。若棄出界經宿不失。」

> Question: "Under what circumstances is a bowl considered lost?" Answer: "A bowl is considered lost in the following situations: if its rim is damaged, if it has holes, if it is cracked, or if it has not been properly cleaned of oil. A damaged rim or holes make it unusable. If it is cracked, even if repaired and given to someone else, it cannot be accepted back for use. The same applies if it has not been cleaned of oil. However, if it is discarded outside the boundary and left overnight, it is not considered lost."

問：「鉢得覆著壁上不？」答：「若巾裹得令淨處，若囊盛懸壁好，不得覆著壁上。六群比丘覆鉢壁上，墮地即破。佛因此制戒，自今以後不得覆鉢壁上。覆鉢壁上者犯墮，墮地破犯捨墮。」

> Question: "Can a bowl be placed upside down on the wall?" Answer: "If it is wrapped in a cloth and placed in a clean spot, or if it is kept in a bag and hung on the wall, that is fine. It should not be placed upside down directly on the wall. Once, six monks placed their bowls upside down on the wall, and the bowls fell and broke. Because of this, the Buddha established a rule: from now on, bowls must not be placed upside down on the wall. Anyone who places a bowl upside down on the wall commits an offense requiring confession. If it falls and breaks, the offense requires confession and forfeiture."

問：「早起得用鉢食。不用有何咎耶？」「一切食皆應用鉢。若一日都不用鉢，犯墮。」

問：「比丘食飯欲盡，得側鉢刮取飯不？」答：「得。」

問：「食飯已訖更噉餘果，手得離鉢不？」答：「得。若食未訖亦得暫離。」

> Question: "After finishing a meal, if I eat more fruit, can my hands leave the alms bowl?" Answer: "Yes. Even if the meal is not yet finished, you may temporarily set it aside."

問：「比丘食鉢要當擎，亦得放地耶？」答：「要當擎。若有必緣，放地無犯。」

> Question: "When a monk is eating, should he always hold his alms bowl, or can he set it down?" Answer: "He should always hold it. However, if there is a necessary reason, setting it down is not an offense."

問：「比丘以器盛飯停著鉢中，得了用鉢食不？」答：「不得，犯墮。」

> Question: "If a monk places food from a bowl into another container, may he then eat from that container?" Answer: "No, that is a violation and constitutes a downfall."

問：「鉢得借人不？」答：「得，除自食。」

> Question: "May a monk lend his alms bowl to another?" Answer: "Yes, except for his own meal bowl."

問：「鉢得炊作食不？」答：「不捨炊，捨墮。」