---
title: "萬松老人評唱天童覺和尚拈古請益錄 · 第二十二則溈山問仰"
description: "萬松老人評唱天童覺和尚拈古請益錄，簡稱萬松老人評唱天童拈古請益錄，由宋代高僧正覺拈古，元代高僧行秀評唱而成。該書屬禪宗語錄體著作，內容輯錄天童正覺禪師對古德公案的拈提評唱，萬松行秀在此基礎上進一步闡釋發揮，以問答形式啟發學人悟入禪機。此作誕生於宋元禪宗鼎盛時期，融合了臨濟與曹洞宗風，深刻體現了禪宗“不立文字、直指人心”的宗旨，是研究宋元禪宗思想與公案詮釋的重要文獻，在佛教史上具有承先啟後的地位，為後世學人參究禪法提供了權威依據。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmex4awsz2pd1jp04fnjnwiwx"
---

### 第二十二則溈山問仰

> Case 22: Guishan Asks Yangshan

舉溈山問仰山。休作外子一夏不見上來。在下面作何所務。白日休閒過。青春不再來仰云。某甲鋤得一片畬。下得一籮種。深談實相。善說〔要法〕溈云。子今夏不虗過。心邪不覺口喎仰云。和尚今夏作什麼。下不論上溈云。日中一飯。夜後一寢。佛事門中。有勞神用仰云。和尚今夏亦不虗過。當官不讓父仰山道了乃吐舌。見過於師。氷寒於水溈云。寂子何得自傷己命。證父攘羊。家醜外揚天童拈云。少當努力。有鋤有钁。且掊且斷老合歇心。管帶神情。救死不暇這一夏總不虗過。爭奈時人不自知為什麼仰山道了吐舌。冐法而險。為而不知若點檢得出。清官易斷。不謾易筭禍不入慎家之門守法而安。知而不為。

> Weishan asked Yangshan, “You haven’t come to see me all summer. What have you been busy with down there?” Yangshan replied, “I’ve cultivated a plot of land and sown a basket of seeds.” Weishan said, “You haven’t wasted this summer.” Yangshan asked, “And what have you been doing this summer, Master?” Weishan answered, “One meal at midday, one rest after nightfall.” Yangshan said, “You haven’t wasted this summer either.” After saying this, Yangshan stuck out his tongue. Weishan remarked, “Why would you harm your own life like that?” Tiantong comments: The young should strive. The old should let things be. Neither wasted this summer—yet why did Yangshan stick out his tongue after speaking? If you can see through this, misfortune won’t enter the door of a cautious person.

師云。欲知佛性義。當觀時節因緣。萬松常愛溈仰家風。父子投機。水乳和合。溈山一日餧鵶生飯次。回頭見仰山。乃云。今日為伊上堂一上。仰云。某甲隨例得聞。溈曰。聞底事作麼生。仰曰。鵶作鵶鳴。鵲作鵲噪。溈云。你爭奈聲色何。仰曰。和尚適來道什麼。溈云。我祇道為伊上堂一上。仰曰。為什麼喚作聲色。溈云。雖然如此。驗過也無妨。仰曰。大事因緣作麼生驗。溈山竪起拳。仰曰。終是指東畫西。溈曰。子適來問什麼。仰曰。問和尚大事因緣。溈曰。為什麼喚作指東畫西。仰曰。為著聲色故。某甲所以問過。溈曰。並未曉了此事。仰曰。如何得曉了此事。溈曰。寂子聲色。老僧東西。仰曰。一月千江。體不分水。溈曰。應須與麼始得。仰曰。如金與金。終無異色。豈有異名。溈曰。作麼生是無異名底道理。仰曰。瓶盤釵釧券。盂盆溈曰。寂子說禪。如獅子吼。驚散狐狼野犴之屬。以至溈山寢興。試令原夢。仰山度水。香嚴過茶。二子智慧神通。過於目連鶖子。溈山問仰山。久不上來。當何所務。三日不相見。莫將故眼看。仰嶠以鋤畬下種對之。溈山賞其功行。楊無為問芙蓉楷。數年不見。參禪來。辦道來。蓉云。不打這鼓笛。楊云。恁麼則空遊山水。百無所能也。蓉云。相別未久。善能高鑑。溈仰當行買賣。已是成交。欲令牙保分明。須要合同文契。咨和尚日用如何。溈山以中食夜寢對之。仰山道。亦不空過。鋤畬下種。道不空過即得。中食夜寢。道不空過即難。仰山覺斧鑿太深。回首吐舌懲悔。此處無金二兩。俗人沽酒三斤。溈山道。寂子何得自傷己命。靈龜曳尾。拂跡成痕。吐墨海魚。欲隱彌露。天童拈云。少當努力。老合歇心。為復是佛法商量。為復是世諦流布。若點檢得出。一夏總不虗過。師吐舌云。口是禍門。

> The Master said: "If you want to understand the meaning of buddha-nature, you must observe the conditions of the time and season." Wansong always admired the style of the Guishan and Yangshan school—father and son working in perfect harmony, merging like water and milk. One day, Guishan was feeding crows with leftover rice. Turning around, he saw Yangshan and said, "Today, I’ll give a formal talk just for you." Yangshan replied, "I happened to hear it as usual." Guishan asked, "What did you hear?" Yangshan said, "Crows caw, magpies chatter." Guishan pressed, "How do you deal with sounds and forms?" Yangshan countered, "What did you just say, Master?" Guishan answered, "I only said I’d give a talk for you." Yangshan asked, "Then why call it sounds and forms?" Guishan responded, "Even so, it does no harm to test you." Yangshan said, "The great matter of our fundamental destiny—how is it tested?" Guishan raised his fist. Yangshan remarked, "In the end, that’s still pointing east and drawing west." Guishan asked, "What did you just ask me?" Yangshan replied, "I asked about the great matter of our fundamental destiny." Guishan said, "Then why do you call it pointing east and drawing west?" Yangshan answered, "Because you got caught up in sounds and forms, I asked." Guishan said, "You still haven’t understood this matter." Yangshan asked, "Then how can one understand it?" Guishan said, "Your sounds and forms, my east and west." Yangshan replied, "It’s like one moon shining in a thousand rivers—the substance doesn’t divide the water." Guishan said, "That’s exactly how it should be." Yangshan added, "Like gold with gold—in the end, there’s no difference in color. How could there be different names?" Guishan asked, "What is the principle of having no different names?" Yangshan answered, "Vases, plates, hairpins, bracelets—<note>bowls and basins</note> all made of gold." Guishan praised, "Jizi speaks Zen like a lion’s roar, scattering foxes and wolves and jackals!" From then on, Guishan would consult him even for mundane matters, like interpreting dreams. Yangshan would cross water, and Xiangyan would serve tea. The wisdom and supernatural powers of these two disciples surpassed even those of Maudgalyayana and Shariputra. Guishan once asked Yangshan, "You haven’t come up for a long time—what have you been busy with?" "Not seeing each other for three days, don’t look at me with old eyes." Yangshan replied, "I’ve been hoeing the field and planting seeds." Guishan praised his practical work. Yang Wuwei asked Furong Kai, "I haven’t seen you for years—have you been practicing meditation or cultivating the Way?" Furong answered, "I don’t play that drum or flute." Yang said, "Then you’ve just been wandering mountains and rivers, good for nothing." Furong replied, "We haven’t been apart long, but you sure have a sharp eye!" Now, the Guishan-Yangshan school has already closed its deal. To make the broker and witness clear, we still need a contract. So I ask you, Reverend: "What is your daily practice?" Guishan answered with "eating at noon and sleeping at night." Yangshan said, "I also don’t waste time—hoeing the field and planting seeds." Saying "not wasting time" is easy. Saying "eating at noon and sleeping at night" is harder to pass off as "not wasting time." Yangshan realized his earlier words had been too forced. He turned back, stuck out his tongue, and repented. At this point, there’s no two ounces of gold—just three catties of wine for common folks. Guishan said, "Jizi, why do you harm your own life?" The spirit tortoise drags its tail, leaving traces as it sweeps them away. The ink-spitting fish wants to hide, but only reveals itself more. Tiantong commented: "In youth, you must strive. In old age, you should rest. Is this discussing the Dharma, or just worldly talk? If you can detect the difference, you haven’t wasted this summer." The Master stuck out his tongue and said: "The mouth is a gate of disaster."