---
title: "萬松老人評唱天童覺和尚拈古請益錄 · 第五十六則曹山出世"
description: "萬松老人評唱天童覺和尚拈古請益錄，簡稱萬松老人評唱天童拈古請益錄，由宋代高僧正覺拈古，元代高僧行秀評唱而成。該書屬禪宗語錄體著作，內容輯錄天童正覺禪師對古德公案的拈提評唱，萬松行秀在此基礎上進一步闡釋發揮，以問答形式啟發學人悟入禪機。此作誕生於宋元禪宗鼎盛時期，融合了臨濟與曹洞宗風，深刻體現了禪宗“不立文字、直指人心”的宗旨，是研究宋元禪宗思想與公案詮釋的重要文獻，在佛教史上具有承先啟後的地位，為後世學人參究禪法提供了權威依據。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmex4awzd2pijjp04xs0uaxcg"
---

### 第五十六則曹山出世

> Chapter 56: Caoshan Emerges into the World

舉僧問曹山。佛未出世時如何。誰申此問山云。曹山不如。比不得類不齊僧云。出世後如何。雲門有棒山云。不如曹山。一場醜拙天童拈云。佛與曹山。天童不如主賓互換。不如天童出世不出世。直須擘破各具一隻眼。方得圓全未有長行而不住。幸有一陰地長住而不行。何勞不為人還會麼。以己方人幽洞豈拘關鏁意。一脚門裏一脚門外縱橫不涉兩頭機出不隨應。入不居空。

> A monk asked Caoshan, "Before the Buddha appeared in the world, what was it like?" Caoshan said, "Caoshan is not equal to it." The monk asked, "After he appeared in the world, what was it like?" Caoshan said, "It is not equal to Caoshan." Tiantong commented, "The Buddha and Caoshan— host and guest exchange places. Whether appearing in the world or not— each possesses a single eye. There has never been one who moves forward without dwelling, nor one who dwells forever without moving forward. Do you understand? The deep cave does not confine the intent of the lock and key— free and unhindered, not touching either end."

師云。南泉道。向空劫以前承當。佛未出世會取。萬松道。向住劫以後承當。佛已出世會取。也不如華嚴經。十方諸佛。勸不動地菩薩道。此諸法法性。若佛出世。若不出世。常住不異。教中喚作法爾不窮因。無始不窮初。曹山不如。則。自携瓶法沽村酒。不如曹山。則。却著衫來作主人。天童拈處。不礙裂開。萬松著語。何妨揑聚道。佛與曹山主賓和合。出世不出世。雙眼圓明。終日在途中。不離家舍。終日在家舍。不離途中。還會麼。雲生洞口還歸洞。密密金刀剪不開。

> The master said: Nanquan taught, "Take responsibility for the time before the empty kalpa. Understand it before the Buddha appeared in the world." Wansong taught, "Take responsibility for the time after the settled kalpa. Understand it after the Buddha appeared in the world." Yet neither is as good as the \*Avatamsaka Sutra\*, where the buddhas of the ten directions urge the bodhisattvas of the immovable stage, saying: "The nature of these dharmas—whether a buddha appears in the world or not—abides constantly, without change." In the teachings, this is called the inexhaustible cause of suchness, the beginningless, inexhaustible origin. Caoshan said, "If you are not as good as Caoshan, then carry your own bottle to buy wine in the village." And, "If you are not as good as Caoshan, then put on a robe and act as the host." When Tiantong brings it up, it does not hinder splitting open. When Wansong adds a comment, why not gather it together and say: "The Buddha and Caoshan—host and guest—are in harmony. Whether a buddha appears or not, both eyes are perfectly clear." All day on the road, yet never leaving home. All day at home, yet never apart from the road. Do you understand? Clouds born at the cave's mouth return to the cave—dense and dense, even a golden blade cannot cut them apart.