---
title: "印度佛教史 · 二　商那和修之付法"
description: "印度佛教史由十七世纪西藏著名学者達喇那他所著，近代由王沂暖教授汉译。本书以藏传佛教视角系统记述了印度佛教自释迦牟尼佛诞生至衰灭的完整历史，涵盖教义发展、重要人物及王朝更迭。作为研究印度佛教的重要历史文献，其内容兼具宗教性与学术性，对理解佛教思想传承与印度文化演变具有不可替代的权威价值，被广泛收录于佛教研究经典著作之列。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmex915zt09pkl404akv59ryg"
---

### 二　商那和修之付法

末田提迦去罽賓時，聖商那和修為六大城四部弟子，宣說正法。蘇陀奴王在位二十三年而崩。此後王之眷屬臣佐，可二千人，皆於商那和修處出家。

此後，優波崛多，以僅受具戒，即得見諦，歷時七日，得證俱分解脫之阿羅漢，於是付法於優波崛多，於瞻波國入般涅槃。

> After this, Upagupta, having only just received full ordination, immediately realized the truth. Within seven days, he attained the state of an Arhat, liberated through both wisdom and concentration. He thus transmitted the Dharma to Upagupta and entered Parinirvana in the country of Campa.

由商那和修之講說教法，前後因之得見諦者，約十萬人，得阿羅漢者，亦及萬數。

於此，罽賓國人皆謂：「末田提迦，必須計入付法傳承諸人之中，以末田提迦，於摩揭陀（中國）守護教法，歷時十五年，彼時商那和修，僅有少數弟子與之同住而已。末田提迦去罽賓後，始由商那和修，守護教法，故付法傳承者，實有八人也。」餘人則謂：「末田提迦調伏罽賓，固是釋尊授記，阿難陀命之前往者，然阿難陀付法之人，則唯商那和修；以故付法傳承，僅為七代。」是說也，西藏人士多取之。

> Regarding this, people of Kashmir all say, "Madhyāntika must be counted among the lineage of Dharma successors. He safeguarded the Dharma in Magadha (the Middle Country) for fifteen years. At that time, Śāṇakavāsin had only a few disciples living with him. It was only after Madhyāntika left for Kashmir that Śāṇakavāsin began protecting the Dharma. Therefore, there are actually eight successors in the transmission lineage." Others, however, say, "Although Madhyāntika tamed Kashmir as foretold by the Buddha and instructed by Ānanda, the one to whom Ānanda actually passed the Dharma was only Śāṇakavāsin. Hence, the transmission lineage consists only of seven generations." Most Tibetan people adopt this latter view.