---
title: "南朝佛寺志 · 上定林寺"
description: "南朝佛寺志由清代学者孙文川撰著陈作霖编纂是一部记录南朝时期佛寺历史的重要佛教典籍该书详尽辑录了南朝宋齐梁陈四代佛寺的兴建沿革地理分布及相关典故反映了佛教在中国南方鼎盛发展的历史面貌对于研究南北朝佛教史寺庙建筑及地方文化具有珍贵的文献价值是了解中国汉传佛教早期传播与寺院经济的重要史料"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmgmyjd590fk0l1049lk5woua"
---
### 上定林寺
> Upper Dinglin Temple
上定林寺宋元嘉十二年高僧曇摩蜜多所移建也在下寺西山上詳見前定林寺考證或曰元嘉十六年竺法秀所造殆共為修飾與蜜多旋卒於此寺後有僧祐凡獲信施悉以營繕傅弘並建經綸藏而寺乃大盛自宋暨梁高僧如僧遠僧柔法通智稱道嵩超辯慧彌法願輩無慮數十人皆居於是處士明僧紹欽僧遠夙德來寺候問而何𦙍劉勰諸名流或聽內典或撰經證亦時相往還焉寺有佛牙乃元徽中法獻自于闐國賫來密自禮事越十五載始為人知獻卒之後為豪家所劫齊永明九年八月甘露降寺佛堂庭中時以為瑞東昏侯至寺射病沙門則又僧之劫運矣寺有應潮井後為北高峯峯上有梁昭明太子讀書臺下有一人泉王褒所詠定林寺桂花詩葢即寺後桂巖也寺壁又有梁解蒨畫六朝高僧墓多在山之左鬱蔥哉誠佳城巳案曇摩蜜多葬宋熙寺前僧祐葬定林下寺舊基僧遠僧柔慧彌超辯法獻法通悉葬山南僧遠墓王儉撰文僧祐僧柔超辯碑劉勰撰文法獻碑沈約撰文法通碑謝舉蕭子雲竝撰文刻於兩面其地皆距寺不遠也逮宋乾道中僧善鑑因寺久廢請其額移建於方山實非鍾山之舊云
> Dinglin Temple was relocated and built in the twelfth year of the Yuanjia era of the Song Dynasty (435 CE) by the eminent monk Tanmamitta. It is situated on the western mountain above the lower temple. For details, see the earlier research on Dinglin Temple. Some say it was constructed by Zhu Faxiu in the sixteenth year of Yuanjia (439 CE), who likely shared in its adornment. Tanmamitta passed away in this temple shortly thereafter. Later, the monk Sengyou received all donations and used them for repairs and construction, also establishing scripture repositories. Thus the temple flourished greatly. From the Song to the Liang Dynasty, eminent monks such as Sengyuan, Sengrou, Fatong, Zhicheng, Daosong, Chaobian, Huimi, and Fayuan—numbering dozens in all—resided here. The recluse Ming Sengshao, admiring Sengyuan's long-standing virtue, came to the temple to pay his respects. Notable figures like He Yin and Liu Xie also frequented the site, either listening to Buddhist teachings or composing commentaries on scriptures. The temple housed a tooth relic of the Buddha, brought from Khotan by Faxian during the Yuanhui era (473-477 CE). He venerated it privately for fifteen years before it became publicly known. After Faxian's death, the relic was stolen by a powerful family. In the ninth year of Yongming in the Qi Dynasty (491 CE), sweet dew fell in the temple's Buddha hall courtyard, regarded as an auspicious omen at the time. During the reign of the Marquis of Donghun, soldiers came to the temple to shoot at sick monks—a calamity for the Buddhist community. The temple had a tidal well, later located at North Peak, atop which stood the Liang Crown Prince Zhaoming's reading terrace. Below was One Person Spring. The poem on Dinglin Temple's osmanthus flowers by Wang Bao likely refers to the osmanthus cliff behind the temple. The temple walls also featured paintings by Xie Qian of the Six Dynasties. Many tombs of eminent monks from that era lie to the left of the mountain—a lush and fitting resting place indeed. According to records: Tanmamitta was buried in front of Songxi Temple; Sengyou was buried at the old site of Dinglin Lower Temple. Sengyuan, Sengrou, Huimi, Chaobian, Faxian, and Fatong were all buried south of the mountain. Sengyuan's tomb inscription was composed by Wang Jian; the steles for Sengyou, Sengrou, and Chaobian were written by Liu Xie; Faxian's stele was by Shen Yue; Fatong's stele, inscribed on both sides, was composed by Xie Ju and Xiao Ziyun. All these sites are not far from the temple. In the Qiandao era of the Song Dynasty (1165-1173), the monk Shanjian, finding the temple long abandoned, requested its name plaque and relocated it to Fangshan, which is not the original site at Zhongshan.
攷證
建康實錄宋元嘉十六年置上定林寺西南去縣十八里案寺記禪師竺法秀所造在下定林之後法秀初止祗洹寺移居於此也
> Based on the \*Jiankang Shilu\* (Veritable Records of Jiankang), in the sixteenth year of the Yuanjia reign period of the Liu Song dynasty, the Shangdinglin Temple was established, located eighteen \*li\* southwest of the county. According to the temple records, it was founded by the meditation master Zhu Faxiu, who built it after the founding of the Xiadinglin Temple. Faxiu initially resided at the Zhiyuan Temple before relocating to this site.
宋上定林寺曇摩蜜多傳元嘉十九年卒於上寺春秋八十有七
> Here is the translation: \*\*Biography of Dharmamitra of Shangdinglin Temple, Song Dynasty\*\* He passed away in the nineteenth year of the Yuanjia reign period at the upper temple, at the age of eighty-seven.
又實錄傅弘居鍾山定林寺建經輪藏
> According to the records, Fu Hong resided at Zhongshan Dinglin Temple and established a scripture-turning library.
齊京師建初寺釋僧祐傳年十四家人密為訪婚祐知而避至定林投法達法師師奉竭誠永明中奉勅入吳試簡五眾并宣講十誦更伸受戒之法凡獲信施悉以治定林建初諸寺
> Here is the modern English translation of this biography: --- \*\*Biography of Monk Sengyou of Jianchu Temple in the Capital\*\* When Sengyou was fourteen, his family secretly arranged a marriage for him. Upon learning of this, he fled to Dinglin Temple and became a disciple of Master Fada, serving his teacher with utmost sincerity. During the Yongming reign, he was ordered by imperial decree to go to Wu, where he examined and selected members of the five monastic assemblies and also gave lectures on the \*Ten Recitations\* \[Vinaya\], further explaining the precepts and ordination procedures. All the offerings he received from his followers he used to support and rebuild the temples of Dinglin and Jianchu.
齊上定林寺釋僧遠傳宋大明六年謝病隱上定林寺明帝踐位請遠為師竟不能致以齊永明二年卒於上寺竟陵文宣王為營墳於山南立碑頌德太尉王儉製文時定林上寺又有法令慧泰並善經論繼迹於遠焉
> Here is the translation: \*\*Biography of the Monk Sengyuan of Upper Dinglin Temple\*\* In the sixth year of the Daming era of the Liu Song dynasty, he resigned due to illness and retired to Upper Dinglin Temple. When Emperor Ming of the Liu Song dynasty ascended the throne, he invited Sengyuan to be his teacher, but ultimately could not persuade him to come. He passed away at Upper Dinglin Temple in the second year of the Yongming era of the Qi dynasty. Wenxuan, Prince of Jingling, had a grave mound built for him south of the mountain and erected a stele praising his virtue, with the inscription composed by Grand Commandant Wang Jian. At that time, there were also two monks at Upper Dinglin Temple, Faling and Huitai, both of whom excelled in the study of scriptures and commentaries, continuing the legacy of Sengyuan.
齊上定林寺釋僧柔傳柔姓陶丹陽人入剡白山靈鷲寺徵書歲及乃更出京師止於定林寺躬為玄匠四遠欣服卒於延興元年即葬於山南沙門僧祐為立碑墓所東莞劉勰製文
> Here is the translation: Biography of Shi Sengrou of Dinglin Monastery in Qi Sengrou, whose lay surname was Tao, was a native of Danyang. He entered Lingjiu Monastery on Baishan Mountain in Shan. When the imperial summons came each year, he would then leave for the capital and take up residence at Dinglin Monastery, where he personally served as a master of profound teachings, and people from far and wide admired and submitted to him. He passed away in the first year of the Yanxing era, and was buried to the south of the mountain. The monk Senyou erected a stele at his grave, with the inscription composed by Liu Xie of Dongguan.
梁定林寺釋法通傳踐迹京師憩定林上寺天監十一年卒葬於寺南弟子靜深等立碑墓側陳郡謝舉蘭陵蕭子雲並為製文刻於兩面時定林上寺復有沙彌智進清信苦節修頭陀行
> According to the biography of Shi Fatong of Dinglin Temple in Liang, he practiced in the capital and resided at Upper Dinglin Temple. He passed away in the eleventh year of the Tianjian reign and was buried south of the temple. His disciples, including Jing Shen, erected a monument by his grave. Xie Ju of Chen Commandery and Xiao Ziyun of Lanling both composed inscriptions, which were carved on two sides of the stele. At that time, there was also a novice monk named Zhi Jin at Upper Dinglin Temple, who upheld pure faith, endured hardship with discipline, and practiced the ascetic path.
齊京師安樂寺釋智稱傳定林寺法獻於講席相值聞其往復清玄仍攜止山寺
> In the capital city of Qi, at the Anle Temple, the monk Shi Zhicheng met with Fazhan from Dinglin Temple at a lecture gathering. Upon hearing their profound and clear exchanges, they were then invited to stay together at a mountain temple.
齊上定林寺釋道嵩傳宋元徽中來京師止鍾山定林寺
> Monk Daosong of Dinglin Temple on Mount Zhong, who came to the capital during the Yuanhui era of the Liu Song dynasty, resided at Dinglin Temple on Mount Zhong.
齊上定林寺釋超辯傳還都止寺閒居養志畢命山門永明十年卒葬於寺南劉勰為製墓文
> Superior Chao Bian of Dinglin Temple in Qi, having returned to the capital, resided at the temple, leading a life of seclusion and nurturing his aspirations, remaining devoted to the mountain gate until the end of his life. He passed away in the tenth year of the Yongming era and was buried south of the temple. Liu Xie composed his tomb inscription.
梁上定林寺釋慧彌傳止於京師定林寺以天監十七年卒葬於寺南時定林又有沙門法仙誦經有素行
> A biography of Shi Huimi, a monk from Dinglin Temple on the ridge, ends with his residence at Dinglin Temple in the capital. He passed away in the seventeenth year of the Tianjian era and was buried south of the temple. At that time, there was also a monk named Faxian at Dinglin Temple, who recited scriptures and led a virtuous life.
齊正勝寺釋法願傳少時啟求出家三啟方遂為定林寺遠公弟子
> Monk Fayuan of Qizheng Sheng Temple was ordained at a young age. He requested to leave the household life three times before his wish was granted, and then became a disciple of Master Yuan at Dinglin Temple.
南史明僧紹傳聞沙門釋僧遠夙德往候定林寺齊高帝欲出寺見之遁還攝山
> From the \*Biographies of Eminent Monks\* in the \*History of the Southern Dynasties\*, it is recorded that the monk Shi Sengyuan, known for his virtuous conduct, once went to visit the Dinglin Temple. When Emperor Gao of Qi intended to leave the temple to see him, Sengyuan retreated and returned to Mount She.
又何𦙍傳入鍾山定林寺聽內典其業皆通
> And how did He Yin transmit the teachings at Zhongshan Dinglin Temple, where he listened to the internal scriptures, and he mastered them all.
又劉勰傳勰為文長於佛理都下寺塔及名僧碑志必請勰製文有勅與慧震沙門於定林寺撰經證功畢啟求出家遂變服改名慧地云以上數條只言定林未分上下知其為定林上寺者以齊梁時下寺巳久廢也
> Liu Xie was particularly skilled in Buddhist teachings when it came to writing. In the capital, when temples and pagodas were built or when eminent monks' memorial inscriptions were needed, people always invited Liu Xie to compose the writings. By imperial order, he worked with the monk Huizhen at Dinglin Temple to edit and proofread Buddhist scriptures. After completing this work, he petitioned to leave the monastery and become a monk himself. He then changed his appearance and took the Buddhist name Huidi.
齊上定林寺釋法獻傳宋元嘉十六年方下京師止定林上寺元徽三年西遊于闐獲佛牙一枚舍利十五粒觀世音滅罪咒及調達品又得龜茲國金鎚鍱像於是而還十有五載密自禮事餘無知者至文宣感夢方傳道俗以建武末年卒窆於鍾山之陽獻弟子僧祐為造碑墓所丹楊尹沈約製文獻於西域所得佛牙及像皆在上定林寺牙以普通三年正月忽有數人執仗初夜扣門稱臨川殿下奴叛有人告云在佛牙閣上請開閣檢視寺司即隨請開閣主帥至佛牙座前開函取牙作禮三拜以錦手巾盛牙繞山東而去至今竟不測所在案此牙作高僧傳時尚不知何人賺去今讀陳書高祖本紀乃知取佛牙者即陳武帝其曰慶雲寺慧興者託辭也詳見下慶雲寺條咸豐未經兵燹之前牙在香林寺中予猶及見之
> Biography of the Venerable Shi Faxian of Shangdinglin Temple of Qi In the sixteenth year of the Yuanjia reign of the Liu Song dynasty, he finally came to the capital and took up residence at Shangdinglin Temple. In the third year of the Yuanhui reign, he traveled west to Khotan, where he obtained a relic of the Buddha's tooth, fifteen śarīras, the Guanyin Extinction of Offenses Dhāraṇī, and the Devadatta chapter. He also acquired a golden image hammered from sheets of metal from Kucha. With these treasures, he returned. For fifteen years, he secretly venerated these objects, and no one else knew of them. It was only when Prince Wenxuan had a dream and was moved that the story was passed on to the monastic and lay communities. In the final years of the Jianwu reign, he passed away and was buried to the south of Mount Zhong. His disciple, the monk You, had a memorial stele erected at his burial site, with the inscription composed by Shen Yue, the Grand Administrator of Danyang. The Buddha's tooth and the images that Fashian had obtained in the Western Regions remained at Shangdinglin Temple. In the first month of the third year of the Putong reign, suddenly a group of several men, bearing weapons, knocked on the temple gate at night, claiming: "A servant of Prince Linchuan has rebelled, and someone has reported that he is hiding in the Buddha's Tooth Pavilion. Please open the pavilion for an inspection." The temple authorities, having no choice, accompanied them. When the captain of the guard reached the Buddha's tooth shrine, he opened the case and took out the tooth, bowed three times, wrapped it in a brocade cloth, and then left, heading east around the mountain. To this day, its whereabouts remain unknown. Regarding this tooth: at the time the Biographies of Eminent Monks was written, it was not yet known who had stolen it. Now, reading the Annals of Emperor Wu of the Chen dynasty, one learns that the one who took the Buddha's tooth was actually Emperor Wu of Chen. The claim that it was the monk Huixing of Qingyun Temple was merely a pretext. See the entry on Qingyun Temple below for details. Before the Xianfeng era, before the ravages of war, the tooth was kept in Xianglin Temple, and I had the opportunity to see it.
齊書武帝紀永明九年八月甘露降定林寺佛堂庭中
> From the Book of Qi, Records of Emperor Wu: In the ninth year of the Yongming reign, in the eighth month, sweet dew fell in the courtyard of the Buddha hall at Dinglin Temple.
又東昏侯紀至定林寺有老病沙門不能去命左右射之
> In the annals of the Eastern Hun Marquis, it is recorded that upon arriving at Dinglin Temple, there was an elderly and infirm monk who could not leave, and the marquis ordered his attendants to shoot him.
貞觀公私畫史定林寺在江甯有梁解蒨畫
景定建康志梁昭明太子書臺在蔣山定林寺後山北高峯上又一人泉在北高峯絕頂定林寺後
至正金陵新志上定林寺舊在蔣山應潮井後宋乾道閒僧善鑑請其額於方山重建
王褒集有詠定林寺桂花詩