---
title: "洛陽伽藍記合校本 · 白馬寺"
description: "北魏杨衒之撰写的洛阳伽蓝记是一部记述北魏都城洛阳佛教寺院兴衰的地方志著作。张宗祥先生的合校本综合历代版本精校而成具有很高学术价值。该书以北魏洛阳城佛寺为纲目详述了孝文帝迁都后洛阳佛教的鼎盛景象包括永宁寺等名刹的规模与盛况同时穿插了政治历史社会风俗和人物轶事。它不仅是研究北魏历史佛教史和中古城市建筑的重要文献更被誉为中国佛教地理志的开山之作为了解南北朝佛教艺术与社会变迁提供了珍贵的一手资料。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmgmyl0pb0ikrl104qp76m66i"
---

### 白馬寺

> White Horse Temple

漢明帝所立也佛入中國之始寺在西陽門外三里御道南帝夢金神漢魏人長丈六項背漢魏皆日月光明金漢魏胡神號曰佛遣使向西域求之乃得經像焉時白馬負經如隱無經字而來因以為名明帝崩起祗洹於陵上自此以如隱從後百姓塚上或作浮圖焉寺上經函至今猶存常燒香供養之經函時放光明耀於堂宇是以道俗禮敬之如仰真容浮圖前柰林蒲萄異於餘處枝葉繁衍子實甚大柰林實重七斤蒲萄實偉於棗味並殊美冠於中京帝至熟時常詣取之或復賜宮人宮人得之轉餉親戚以為奇味得者不敢輙食乃歴數家京師語曰白馬甜榴一實直牛有沙門寶公者不知何處人也形貌醜陋心機漢魏識通達過去未來預覩三世發言似漢魏言下空二格讖不可解事過之後始驗其實胡太后聞之問以世事寶公曰把栗與雞呼朱朱時人莫之能解建義元年后為尒朱榮所害始驗其言時如隱照曠有亦字有洛陽漢魏無陽字人趙法和請占早晚當有官爵如隱照曠作爵否寶公曰大竹箭不須羽東廂屋急手作時不曉其意經十餘日漢魏經月餘法和父喪大竹者杖東廂屋者倚廬初如隱照曠無初字造十二辰歌終其言也

> Established by Emperor Ming of the Han dynasty, this temple marked the beginning of Buddhism's entry into China. Located three li outside the West Sun Gate, south of the Imperial Way, the Emperor once dreamed of a golden deity—a man sixteen feet tall, with the sun and moon shining from the back of his head. This deity was called the Buddha. The Emperor sent envoys to the Western Regions to seek his teachings, and they returned with scriptures and images. At that time, a white horse carried the scriptures here, and so the temple was named after it. After Emperor Ming died, a Jetavana monastery was built on his tomb, and from then on, people began erecting pagodas on their ancestors' graves as well. The scripture chest in the temple still exists to this day, always kept burning incense and offered veneration. Sometimes the chest emits light, illuminating the halls, so both monks and laypeople revere it as if they were beholding the true form of the Buddha. In front of the pagoda grow mulberry and grape vines unlike those elsewhere—their branches and leaves are lush, and their fruits are exceptionally large. A single mulberry fruit weighs seven catties, and the grapes are larger than dates. Their flavors are superior to any others, unmatched in the capital. When they ripen, the Emperor often goes to pick them himself, or bestows them on his palace ladies. These in turn pass them on to relatives as rare delicacies. No one who receives them dares to eat them immediately; they pass through several households. A saying in the capital goes: "The White Horse's sweet pomegranate—one piece is worth an ox." There was once a monk named Precious Gong—no one knows where he came from. He was ugly in appearance but wise in mind, seeing clearly the past, present, and future. His words often sounded like prophecies, unintelligible at first, but only after events occurred did their truth become evident. Empress Dowager Hu once questioned him about worldly affairs. Precious Gong replied: "Holding chestnuts, call the chickens: 'Zhu-zhu!'" At the time, no one understood. Only in the first year of Jianyi, when she was killed by Erzhu Rong, did his words prove true. At that time, there was a man of Luoyang named Zhao Fahe, who asked Precious Gong to divine if he would soon be granted an official position. Precious Gong said: "A large bamboo arrow needs no feathers. The east-room house, build it quickly!" No one understood his meaning. Only after more than ten days, when Fahe's father died, did they realize: the "large bamboo" meant a mourning staff; the "east-room house" meant the mourning shed. He originally composed a song of the Twelve Zodiac Animals, and in the end, his words all came true.