---
title: "洛陽伽藍記合校本 · 清．王謨跋"
description: "北魏杨衒之撰写的洛阳伽蓝记是一部记述北魏都城洛阳佛教寺院兴衰的地方志著作。张宗祥先生的合校本综合历代版本精校而成具有很高学术价值。该书以北魏洛阳城佛寺为纲目详述了孝文帝迁都后洛阳佛教的鼎盛景象包括永宁寺等名刹的规模与盛况同时穿插了政治历史社会风俗和人物轶事。它不仅是研究北魏历史佛教史和中古城市建筑的重要文献更被誉为中国佛教地理志的开山之作为了解南北朝佛教艺术与社会变迁提供了珍贵的一手资料。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmgmyl2tl0ilyl104mp355yla"
---

右楊衒之洛陽伽藍記五卷文獻通考作二卷陳氏云衒之以尒朱之亂城郭邱墟追述斯記晁氏亦云後魏遷都洛陽一時王公大夫多造佛寺或捨其私第為之故僧舎多為天下最衒之載其本末及事跡甚備石林燕語乃謂東漢以來九卿官府皆名曰寺與臺省並稱鴻臚其一也本以待四夷賔客故摩騰竺法蘭自西域以佛經至舎于鴻臚今洛中白馬寺或云即漢鴻臚舊地摩騰初來以白馬負經既死尸不壞因留寺中後遂以為浮屠之居因名白馬今僧居概稱寺本此摩騰真身至今不枯朽漆棺石室扃鎖甚固藏其鑰于府廨有欲觀者請鑰秉燭乃可詳視然楊衒之洛陽伽藍記載當時經函放光事而不及摩騰不可解予又攷高僧傳載漢明帝于城門外立精舎以處摩騰即白馬寺是也名白馬者相傳天竺國有伽藍名招提其處大富有惡國王利于財將毁之有一白馬繞塔悲鳴即停毁自後改招提白馬諸處多取此名焉其說白馬名寺又不同故並錄之以補斯記之闕

> Here is the modern English translation of the passage: The \*Record of Buddhist Monasteries in Luoyang\* by Yang Xuanzhi: The encyclopedia \*Wenxian Tongkao\* lists it as five scrolls, while \*Chen's Bibliography\* records it as two scrolls. Mr. Chen says that Yang wrote this record nostalgically after the rebellion of Erzhu Rong reduced the capital city to ruins. Mr. Chao also notes that after the Northern Wei dynasty moved its capital to Luoyang, many nobles and high officials built Buddhist temples, sometimes converting their own homes, so the city became filled with more monk residences than anywhere else. Yang's work documents their origins and histories in great detail. According to the \*Shilin Yanyu\*, from the Eastern Han dynasty onward, the government offices of high ministers were all called \*si\* (temples/courts), sharing this name with other palace departments—the Court of State Ceremonial (\*Honglu\*) being one of them. This office originally received foreign guests. So when the monks Kasyapa Matanga and Dharmaratna arrived from the Western Regions bringing Buddhist scriptures, they stayed at the Honglu Court. The White Horse Temple in Luoyang is said to be built on the site of that old Han dynasty office. When Matanga first arrived, he used a white horse to carry the scriptures; after his death, his body remained incorruptible and was preserved in the temple. This is why monks' residences later came to be called \*si\*, and the temple was named "White Horse." In fact, to this day, Matanga's mummified body remains preserved—not decayed—sealed in a lacquered coffin within a stone chamber, tightly locked. The key is kept at the government office; those wishing to view the body must request the key and bring a candle to examine it closely. Yet it's puzzling that while Yang Xuanzhi's \*Record\* describes how a scripture container once emitted light, it never mentions Matanga's preserved body. I have also consulted the \*Biographies of Eminent Monks\*, which states that Emperor Ming of Han built a monastery outside the city gate to house Matanga—that is the White Horse Temple. As for the name "White Horse," tradition says that in India there was a monastery called "Cāturdiśa" (Invitation Temple) rich enough to attract a greedy king who planned to destroy it. A white horse circled the stupa, crying mournfully, and the king stopped the destruction. From then on, the temple was renamed "White Horse," inspiring the naming of many other monasteries. This account of the name's origin differs from the first, so I record both here to supplement the \*Record\*.

汝上王謨識

> You, O King, should recognize this.