--- title: "洛陽伽藍記合校本 · 城内" description: "北魏杨衒之撰写的洛阳伽蓝记是一部记述北魏都城洛阳佛教寺院兴衰的地方志著作。张宗祥先生的合校本综合历代版本精校而成具有很高学术价值。该书以北魏洛阳城佛寺为纲目详述了孝文帝迁都后洛阳佛教的鼎盛景象包括永宁寺等名刹的规模与盛况同时穿插了政治历史社会风俗和人物轶事。它不仅是研究北魏历史佛教史和中古城市建筑的重要文献更被誉为中国佛教地理志的开山之作为了解南北朝佛教艺术与社会变迁提供了珍贵的一手资料。" url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmgmyl9e80ipkl1044avj9k7i" --- ### 城内 > Inside the City 永寜寺熙平元年靈太后胡氏所立也在宮前閶闔門南一里御道西閶闔門御道東有左衞府府南有司徒府司徒府南有國子學堂國子南有宗正寺寺南有太廟廟南有護軍府府南有衣冠里御道西有右衞府府南太尉府府南有將作曹曹南有九級府府南有太社社南有凌隂里中有九層浮圖一所架木為之舉高九十丈有剎復高十丈合去地一千尺去京師百里已遙見之浮圖北有佛殿一所外國所獻金像皆在此寺寺院牆皆施短椽以瓦覆之若今宮牆也四面各開一門南門樓三重通三道去地二十丈形制似今端門東西兩門皆亦如之所可異者唯樓二重北門一道不施屋似烏頭門宗祥案東西兩門皆亦如之者言與南門圖以雲氣云云種種相同也今圖以雲氣四十一字作注文則皆亦如之一語無歸宿矣詔中書舎人常景為寺碑文裝飾畢功明帝與太后共登之視宮内如掌中臨京師若家庭以其目見宮中禁人不聽升至孝昌二年中大風發屋拔樹剎上寶瓶隨風而落入地丈餘復命工匠更著新瓶建義元年太原王爾朱榮總士馬於此寺永安二年五月北海王元顥復入洛在此寺聚兵永安三年逆賊爾朱兆囚莊帝於寺永熙三年二月浮圖為火所燒建中寺普泰元年尚書令樂平王爾朱世隆所立也本是閹官司空劉騰宅屋宇奢侈梁棟踰制一里之間廊廡充溢堂比宣光殿門匹乾明門博敞宏麗諸王莫及也在西陽門内御道北所謂延年里西陽門内御道南有永康里里内復有領軍將軍元乂宅掘故井得石銘云是太尉荀彧宅長秋寺劉騰所立也騰為長秋令卿因以為名在西陽門內御道北一里亦在延年里寺北有濛汜池中有三層浮圖一所瑤光寺世宗宣武皇帝所立在閶闔門御道北東去千秋門二里有五層浮圖一所去地五十丈瑤光寺北有承明門有金墉城東有洛陽小城景樂寺太傅清河文獻王懌所立也閶闔南御道東西望永寧寺正相當寺西有司徒府東有大將軍高肇宅北連義井里有佛殿一所像輦在焉昭儀尼寺閹宦所立也在東陽門內一里御道南東陽門內御道北太倉導官二署東南治粟里倉司官屬住其內寺有一佛二菩薩堂前有酒樹麫木昭儀寺有池池南有愿會寺中書舎人王翊捨宅立也寺南有宜壽里內有苞信縣令叚暉宅胡統寺太后從姑所立也入道為尼遂居此寺在永寜南一里修梵寺在青陽門内御道北嵩明寺復在修梵寺西並雕牆峻宇比屋連甍亦是名寺也寺北有永和里漢太師董卓之宅也里中太傅錄尚書長孫稚尚書右僕射郭祚吏部尚書邢巒廷尉卿元洪超衞尉卿許伯桃涼州刺史尉成興等六宅景林寺在開陽門内御道東有禪房一所内置泜洹精舎有石銘一所國子博士盧白頭為其文建春門内御道南有句盾典農籍田三署籍田南有司農寺御道北有空地擬作東宮晉中朝時太倉處也太倉南有翟泉周廻三里即春秋所謂王子虎晉狐偃置於翟泉也高祖於泉北置河南尹晉中朝時歩廣里也泉西有華林園高祖以泉在園東因名蒼龍海海西有藏冰室海西南有景山殿東有羲和嶺嶺上有温風室山西有姮娥峯峯上有寒露館並飛閣相通凌山跨谷山北有元武池山南有清暑殿殿東有臨澗亭殿西有臨危臺景陽觀山南有百果園果列作林林各有堂果林南有石碑一所魏明帝所立也題曰苗茨之碑高祖於碑北作苗茨堂果林西有都堂有流觴池堂東有扶桑海 > \*\*Yongning Temple (永寧寺)\*\* In the first year of the Xiping reign (熙平元年), Empress Dowager Ling of the Hu clan had Yongning Temple built. It is located half a mile south of the Changhe Gate (閶闔門) in front of the palace, on the west side of the Imperial Way. On the east side of the Imperial Way by Changhe Gate are the Left Guard Office, south of which is the Steward's Office, further south the National Academy, south of that the Ancestral Temple Court, then the Imperial Ancestral Temple, then the Guard Command, and finally Yiguan Lane (衣冠里). On the west side of the Imperial Way are the Right Guard Office, south of which is the Grand Commandant's Office, then the Directorate of Construction, then the Nine-Grade Office, then the Altar of the Land, and finally Lingyin Lane (凌陰里). Within stands a nine-story wooden pagoda, rising 90 \*zhang\* (approx. 970 ft) in height, topped by a spire of 10 \*zhang\* (approx. 110 ft), so the total height is 1,000 \*chi\* (approx. 1,080 ft). It is visible from over 60 miles outside the capital. North of the pagoda is a Buddha hall, housing golden statues gifted from foreign lands. The temple walls are covered with short rafters and tiled, resembling palace walls. Each side has one gate. The south gate has three towers, three passages, and stands 20 \*zhang\* (approx. 216 ft) high, similar in style to the present End Gate. The east and west gates are like the south gate, except they have two-story towers. The north gate has a single passage with no roof, like a \*wu tou men\* (an arched gate). \[Master Zongxiang's commentary: The phrase "the east and west gates follow the same pattern" refers to all details including the cloud-pattern paintings. However, if the 41 characters describing the cloud patterns are treated as commentary, then the phrase "follow the same pattern" loses its reference.\] The emperor ordered Secretariat Drafter Chang Jing to compose the temple's inscription. After completion, Emperor Ming and the Empress Dowager climbed the pagoda together, viewing the palace as if in the palm of their hand and the capital as if it were their home. Because the empress dowager could see inside the palace from there, ordinary people were forbidden to ascend. In the second year of the Xiaochang reign (孝昌二年), a great storm destroyed roofs and uprooted trees, blowing the precious vase from the spire to the ground, where it sank over 10 feet deep. Artisans were then commissioned to replace it. In the first year of the Jianyuan reign (建義元年), Prince Taiyuan, Er Zhu Rong, assembled troops at this temple. In the fifth month of the second year of the Yong'an reign (永安二年), King of Beihai, Yuan Hao, re-entered Luoyang and gathered troops here. In the third year of Yong'an, the rebel Er Zhu Zhao imprisoned Emperor Zhuang at the temple. In the second month of the third year of the Yongxi reign (永熙三年), the pagoda was destroyed by fire. \*\*Jianzhong Temple (建中寺)\*\* This temple was founded in the first year of the Putai reign (普泰元年) by Acting Minister of Works and Prince of Leping, Er Zhu Shilong. It was originally the residence of the eunuch Sikong Liu Teng. The buildings were extravagant, with beams and rafters exceeding regulations. The compound, crowded with covered corridors, spanned an entire block. Its main hall rivaled the Xuanguang Hall, and its gate matched the Qianming Gate. In its vast splendor, no prince's residence could compare. It lies on the north side of the Imperial Way inside Xiyang Gate (西陽門), in Yannian Lane (延年里). South of the Imperial Way inside Xiyang Gate is Yongkang Lane (永康里), where the residence of General of the Guard Yuan Cha was located. When digging an old well there, they discovered a stone inscription identifying it as the residence of Grand Commandant Xun Yu. \*\*Changqiu Temple (長秋寺)\*\* Founded by the eunuch Liu Teng, it was named after his title, Changqiu (長秋令), the director of palace affairs. Located one \*li\* north of the Imperial Way inside Xiyang Gate, also in Yannian Lane. North of the temple is Mengsi Pond (濛汜池), within which stands a three-story pagoda. \*\*Yaoguang Temple (瑤光寺)\*\* Founded by Emperor Xuanwu (世宗宣武皇帝), it lies north of the Imperial Way at Changhe Gate, two \*li\* east of Qianqiu Gate (千秋門). It has a five-story pagoda rising 50 \*zhang\* (approx. 540 ft) above ground. North of Yaoguang Temple is Chengming Gate (承明門) and the Jinyong City (金墉城). East is the Small City of Luoyang. \*\*Jingle Temple (景樂寺)\*\* Founded by Prince of Qinghe and Grand Mentor Wenxian, Yuan Yi (元懌). Located on Changhe South Imperial Way, due east of Yongning Temple, they directly face each other. West of the temple is the Steward's Office, east is the residence of Grand General Gao Zhao, and north it adjoins Yijing Lane (義井里). It houses a Buddha hall with an image palanquin. \*\*Zhaoyi Nunnery (昭儀尼寺)\*\* Established by eunuchs, it lies one \*li\* inside Dongyang Gate (東陽門), on the south side of the Imperial Way. North of the Imperial Way inside Dongyang Gate are the Grand Granary and Grain Administration offices. Southeast is the Granary Management Quarter, where officials reside. The nunnery has a hall with one Buddha and two Bodhisattva images. In front of the hall grow a wine tree and a flour tree. Zhaoyi Nunnery has a pond; south of the pond is the Yuanhui Temple (愿會寺), founded by Secretariat Drafter Wang Yi as his private residence. South of the temple is Yishou Lane (宜壽里), which contains the residence of Magistrate of Baoxin County, Duan Hui. \*\*Hutong Temple (胡統寺)\*\* Founded by the Empress Dowager's maternal aunt, who became a nun and lived here. It is one \*li\* south of Yongning Temple. \*\*Xiufan Temple (修梵寺)\*\* Located north of the Imperial Way inside Qingyang Gate (青陽門). Songming Temple (嵩明寺) lies further west of Xiufan Temple. Both feature ornate walls and towering buildings, their structures connected continuously, and are renowned temples. North of Xiufan Temple is Yonghe Lane (永和里), former residence of Grand Master Dong Zhuo (董卓) of the Han dynasty. The lane contains six residences: Grand Mentor and Master of Documents Changsun Zhi, Master of the Right and Vice Director Guo Zuo, Minister of Personnel Xing Luan, Minister of Justice Yuan Hongchao, Minister of the Imperial Guard Xu Botao, and Inspector of Liangzhou Wei Chengxing. \*\*Jinglin Temple (景林寺)\*\* Located east of the Imperial Way inside Kaiyang Gate (開陽門). It has a meditation hall containing a pure retreat called "Dizhumu Hermitage" (泜洹精舍), with a stone inscription composed by National Academy Erudite Lu Baitou. \*\*Other Sites Inside Jianchun Gate (建春門)\*\* South of the Imperial Way inside Jianchun Gate are the Armory, Agriculture Office, and Field Office. South of the Field Office is the Court of Agriculture. North of the Imperial Way is vacant land intended for the Eastern Palace, formerly the site of the Grand Granary during the Western Jin. South of the Grand Granary is the Zhai Spring (翟泉), three \*li\* in circumference, recorded in the \*Spring and Autumn Annals\* as the place where Prince Hu and Hu Yan of Jin met. Emperor Gaozu established the Governor's Office of Henan north of the spring, previously the Buguang Ward (歩廣里) of the Western Jin. West of the spring is the Huayuan Garden (華林園). Because the spring lay east of the garden, Emperor Gaozu named it the Azure Dragon Sea. West of the sea is the Ice Storage Chamber. Southwest of the sea is Scenery Mountain (景山). East of the mountain hall is Xihe Ridge (羲和嶺), topped by the Warm Wind Chamber. West of the mountain is Heng'e Peak (姮娥峯), topped by the Cold Dew Pavilion. Flying walkways connect these peaks and cross valleys. North of the mountain is the Dark Warrior Pond (元武池). South of the mountain is the Clear Summer Hall (清暑殿), east of which is the Waterside Pavilion, west the Ledge Facing Danger (臨危臺) and Scenery Sun Viewing Pavilion (景陽觀). South of the mountain is the Hundred Fruit Garden, where fruits are planted in groves, each having its own hall. South of the fruit groves is a stone stele erected by Emperor Ming of Wei (魏明帝), inscribed as the "Thatched Thorns Stele" (苗茨之碑). Emperor Gaozu built a Thatched Thorns Hall (苗茨堂) north of the stele. West of the fruit groves is the Grand Hall with its Floating Wine Cup Pool. East of the hall is the Fusang Sea (扶桑海).