---
title: "大藏一覽 · 二、十次地獄"
description: "大藏一覽是明代陳實編纂、姚舜漁重輯的佛教經典提要著作。該書成於晚明時期，基於當時流傳的大藏經內容，以提綱挈領方式系統分類並摘錄佛教核心典籍精華。全書分十門，涵蓋諸佛菩薩、因果業報、修行法門等主題，以偈頌和注釋相結合的形式呈現佛學體系。作為一部佛教入門指南，它不僅為明清信眾提供清晰的佛法脈絡，更因其簡明扼要的編排成為研究漢傳佛教教義的重要工具書，在佛教文獻學與普及教育領域具有承先啟後的歷史地位。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmgmzn6im056yl4046aui4rk4"
---

### 二、十次地獄

> Chapter 2: The Ten Hells

復次，有十地獄：第一、遏浮阤地獄此云肉段，罪人遭煉，身成肉段，壽一婆訶麻《智度論》云：「二十斛油麻觜量名一婆訶，人間過一百年除一粒麻，候二十斛麻盡方得出此地獄。」；第二、泥羅浮阤地獄此云皰，凍得肉綻成皰，壽二婆訶麻四十斛麻如前，一百年除一粒，除盡乃出；第三、阿呼呼地獄忍寒之聲，壽四婆訶麻八十斛亦如前；第四、呼呼婆地獄忍寒長聲，壽八婆訶麻一百六十斛麻；第五、阿吒吒地獄忍寒之聲，壽十六婆訶麻三百二十斛麻；第六、搔乾提迦地獄火焰如搔乾提迦花色，此一連五座地獄俱是焰熱，壽三十二婆訶麻六百四十斛麻；第七、優缽羅地獄火焰如優缽羅花色，壽六十四婆訶麻一千二百八十斛麻；第八、拘牟阤地獄火焰如拘牟阤花色，壽一百二十八婆訶麻二千五百六十斛麻；第九、奔茶里加地獄火焰如奔茶里迦花色，壽二百五十六婆訶麻五千一百二十斛麻；第十、婆頭摩地獄火焰如婆頭摩花色，壽五百一十二婆訶麻一萬二百四十斛麻。

> Furthermore, there are ten hells. First, the Atata Hell, where sinners are crushed into flesh. The duration of one's sentence is measured by emptying one \*prahāra\* (a unit of measurement) of sesame seeds. According to the \*Wisdom Discourses\*, one \*prahāra\* equals twenty large measures of sesame seeds. For every hundred human years that pass, one seed is removed; only when all twenty measures are gone do they leave this hell. Second, the Nirarbuda Hell, where intense cold causes the flesh to split into blisters. The sentence lasts two \*prahāra\* (forty measures), and depopulation proceeds as before. Third, the Ahaha Hell, so named from the sound sufferers make while enduring the cold. The sentence lasts four \*prahāra\* (eighty measures), counting seeds as before. Fourth, the Huhu Hell, named for the prolonged moans of those enduring cold. The sentence lasts eight \*prahāra\* (one hundred sixty measures). Fifth, the Atatata Hell, also named for cries of cold suffering. The sentence lasts sixteen \*prahāra\* (three hundred twenty measures). Sixth, the Shankhinaka Hell, where flames shine with the color of shankhinaka flowers. This is the first of five hot hells. The sentence lasts thirty-two \*prahāra\* (six hundred forty measures). Seventh, the Utpala Hell, where flames glow like utpala flowers. The sentence lasts sixty-four \*prahāra\* (one thousand two hundred eighty measures). Eighth, the Kumuda Hell, where flames have the color of kumuda flowers. The sentence lasts one hundred twenty-eight \*prahāra\* (two thousand five hundred sixty measures). Ninth, the Pundarika Hell, where flames shine like pundarika flowers. The sentence lasts two hundred fifty-six \*prahāra\* (five thousand one hundred twenty measures). Tenth, the Padma Hell, where flames blaze with the color of padma flowers. The sentence lasts five hundred twelve \*prahāra\* (ten thousand two hundred forty measures).

已上十獄，各各銅鐵所成，一一縱廣一百由旬，前五寒冰、後五熱焰，前前壽限轉短於後，後後苦惱倍勝於前，各有十億小獄而為眷屬總有百億小獄，所攝上、中品惡業眾生來生其中亦即不離前來十惡，但用心漸輕耳。偈曰：

> These Ten Hells are each made of copper and iron, each one hundred \*yojanas\* in length and width. The first five are hells of freezing cold, the latter five are hells of burning flames. The lifespans in the earlier hells are shorter than those in the later ones, while the suffering and torment in the later hells are far more intense than in the earlier ones. Each hell is accompanied by ten billion smaller subsidiary hells<note place="inline">totaling one hundred billion smaller hells</note>. Beings who have committed grave evil deeds—classified as upper or middle severity—are reborn into these hells<note place="inline">which is to say, these are the same ten evil actions, but carried out with gradually lesser intent</note>. A verse says:

「大小兩座鐵圍中，日月星光不照處，中有十大寒熱獄，各各壽筭婆訶麻。第一遏浮阤地獄，二十斛麻觜不概，人間百年除一粒，候茲麻盡出泥犁。第二泥羅浮阤獄，四十斛麻觜不概，人間百年除一粒，候茲麻盡出泥犁。三、四、五、六、七、八、九，乃至第十婆頭摩。前五一一是寒冰，後五一一是焰熱，各以婆訶麻為壽，後後麻數倍倍增。末後地獄婆頭摩，一萬二百零四十，一一斛麻觜不概，人間百年除一粒，候茲麻盡出泥犁，所攝中品惡眾生，各各眷屬有十億。」

> "Between the small and large iron mountains, where sunlight and moonlight never reach, lie the Ten Great Hells, both freezing and scorching. Each has its own lifespan measured in \*pohema\*. \*\*First Hell – Atpada:\*\* A full \*hu\* of sesame seeds, uncounted. For every hundred years of human time, one seed is removed. Only when the seeds are gone do beings leave this hell. \*\*Second Hell – Nirapada:\*\* Forty \*hu\* of sesame seeds, uncounted. For every hundred years of human time, one seed is removed. Only when the seeds are gone do beings leave this hell. \*\*Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth…\*\* up to the \*\*Tenth Hell – Padma:\*\* The first five are freezing hells; the next five are burning. Each is measured by \*pohema\*, and each subsequent hell doubles the number of sesame seeds. \*\*The last hell – Padma:\*\* Has 10,240 \*hu\* of sesame seeds, uncounted. For every hundred years of human time, one seed is removed. Only when the seeds are gone do beings leave this hell. These hells hold beings of average evil deeds, and each one has ten billion companions."