---
title: "彌蘭王問經 · 第八　妄語輕重之問"
description: "彌蘭王問經是巴利三藏外的重要佛教典籍，作者為那先比丘，歷史背景設定在公元前2世紀，由印度希臘裔國王彌蘭與比丘那先進行佛法問答。主要內容以對話形式深入探討佛教核心教義，如無我、業報、涅槃等，以智慧辯證化解國王疑惑。此經在南傳佛教地位崇高，被譽為東方的蘇格拉底對話錄，不僅具哲學深度，更以生動比喻闡釋深奧佛法，是研究佛教與希臘文化交流的關鍵文獻，對理解早期佛教傳播有重要價值。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmgn0a66w122kl404qo1ptuzc"
---

### 第八　妄語輕重之問

> Chapter 8: Severity of False Speech

「尊者那先！依世尊如是說：『故意之妄語是波羅夷。』然，又依如來言：『若故意妄語，則犯輕罪，要於一比丘之處告白。』尊者那先！依一妄語而破門與依一妄語而得恕，此兩者之差別如何，差異如何。尊者那先！若依世尊言：『故意之妄語是波羅夷。』然者，『若故意妄語，則犯輕罪，要於一比丘之處告白』之言是邪。若依如來言：『若故意妄語，則犯輕罪，要於一比丘之處告白。』然者，『故意之妄語是波羅夷』之言是邪。此亦兩刀論法之問，向卿提出。此可依卿而解。」

> "Venerable Nagasena, the Blessed One said: 'A deliberate lie is an offense entailing expulsion.' Yet the Tathagata also said: 'If one tells a deliberate lie, it is a minor offense to be confessed before a single monk.' Venerable Nagasena, what is the difference between being expelled for one lie and being forgiven for another? Venerable Nagasena, if the Blessed One said 'A deliberate lie is an offense entailing expulsion,' then the statement 'If one tells a deliberate lie, it is a minor offense to be confessed before a single monk' is false. If the Tathagata said 'If one tells a deliberate lie, it is a minor offense to be confessed before a single monk,' then the statement 'A deliberate lie is an offense entailing expulsion' is false. This is a dilemma, a double-edged question I put to you. May you resolve it."

「大王！依世尊如是說：『故意之妄語是波羅夷。』然而，又言：『若故意妄語，則犯輕罪，要於一比丘之處告白。』然，此依事情而亦為重罪，亦為輕罪。大王！卿如何思彼耶？此處，有一人，以手欲打他人，卿科如何之罪於彼耶？」

> "Great King! The World-Honored One stated: 'Intentional false speech is a Parajika (offense requiring expulsion).' Yet elsewhere He said: 'If one intentionally tells a lie, it is a minor offense, requiring confession before a single monk.' So this act can be either a grave offense or a light offense, depending on the circumstances. Great King, what do you think of this? Suppose here a person raises a hand to strike another. What punishment would you impose upon them?"

「尊者那先！若被害者言：『我不容許。』則其〔加害者〕付罰金於彼不容許之〔被害者〕。」

> "Venerable Nagasena, if a person who has been harmed says, 'I do not consent,' then the one who caused the harm must pay a fine to that non-consenting injured party."

「大王！又他人以手欲打卿，卿科如何之罰於彼耶？」

> "Great King! If another person raises their hand to strike you, what punishment do you deem appropriate for them?"

「尊者那先！令截手足，至頭如割竹而割，應沒收家之一切，應至父母兩系七代而滅絕。」

> "Venerable Nagasena! \[If someone commits a crime so severe that\] their hands and feet should be cut off, their head severed like slicing bamboo, and all their family property confiscated, then the punishment should extend to exterminating seven generations on both the father's and mother's side."

「大王！以手打人之時，付罰金之輕罰與以打卿之時，截手足，至頭如割竹而割，沒收家之一切，至父母兩系七代而滅絕者，其差別如何，其差異如何。」

> "Great king! When someone strikes an ordinary person with their hand, the penalty is merely a small fine. But when someone strikes a noble lord, that same action leads to having their hands and feet cut off, their head severed like cutting bamboo, all their property confiscated, and their entire family line—seven generations on both the father's and mother's side—wiped out. What is the difference? What is the cause of this vast disparity?"

「依對者〔之異〕也。」

> It depends on what it is being compared to.

「大王！如是，故意妄語之時，依對者〔之異〕，亦為重罪，亦為輕罪。」

「善哉，尊者那先！彼然，予如是認受。」