---
title: "解惑篇 · 北魏孝文帝"
description: "解惑篇由清代高僧弘赞编着，是一部重要的佛教典籍。本书基于明代株宏大师的净土思想，主要解答修行者在念佛与日常生活中遇到的种种疑惑。弘赞法师针对当时佛教界存在的模糊认识，系统阐释净土法门的要义，涵盖信愿行三资粮、念佛方法及临终关怀等内容。其论述精辟，逻辑严密，被誉为净土宗修学的实用指南。该书在清代佛教中影响深远，对净土教理的普及与实践起到重要推动作用，至今仍是修习净土法门的重要参考著作。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmgn0fcbc01mzjl04im0wrfgr"
---

### 北魏孝文帝

《釋鑑》并《北史》、《正宗記》

> "Shijian" and "Beishi," as well as "Zhengzong Ji."

帝，改姓元氏，上皇敕：「自今祭天地宗社，勿用牲，唯薦以酒脯。」造建明寺，詔：「每年四月八日、七月十五日，聽大州一百人為僧，中州五十，下州二十五，著令以為常。」詔：「懿德法師，聽一月三入殿，俾朕餐稟道味，光飾朝廷。」帝在位二十九年，手不釋卷，暇則自講，六宮侍女，皆持六齋，度僧、造寺甚眾。宣武帝，孝文帝次子，詔西域菩提流支，於紫極殿譯《楞伽經》，帝親筆受。又於式乾殿講《維摩經》。國家大寺四十七所，三公等建寺八百四十所，百姓造寺院三萬一千所，僧至二百萬。時自西域來者三千餘人，帝別立永明寺房舍千餘間以處之，遠近承風，無不事佛。孝明帝，宣武次子，詔諸郡，立五級浮圖，胡太后敕宋雲，與沙門慧生等，往西天求經，四年，宋雲等使西域還，得佛經一百七十部。太和十八年，帝幸徐州白塔寺。寺有道登法師入滅，下詔傷悼，施絹千疋，齋一切僧，京城七日行道。中天竺佛陀禪師志愛嵩嶽，帝敕就少室山立少林寺居之。師度弟子僧稠、慧光。孝明帝正光二年，達磨自梁入魏，至嵩山少林寺，面壁而坐，帝三詔不至，就賜摩衲袈裟，金缽，銀水瓶，繒帛，師不受，三返，然後受之。胡太后建永寧寺在宮側，鑄金像高一丈六尺者一，如中人者十，王像二。造九層浮圖，高十九丈，上剎竿高十丈。塔金鈴鐸如甕大，靜夜聲聞十里。自佛法入中國，塔寺之盛，未之有也。魏國通有佛經四百十九部，合一千九百一十九卷。

> The Emperor changed the imperial surname to Yuan. The retired emperor decreed: "From now on, in sacrifices to Heaven, Earth, and the ancestral temples, no livestock shall be used; only wine and dried meat shall be offered." He established the Jianming Temple and issued an edict: "On the eighth day of the fourth month and the fifteenth day of the seventh month each year, permit one hundred people from large prefectures to become monks, fifty from medium prefectures, and twenty-five from small prefectures. Let this be established as a permanent regulation." He also decreed: "Allow Master Yide to enter the palace three times a month, so that I may partake of the flavor of the Dharma and bring glory to the court." The Emperor reigned for twenty-nine years, never letting go of books. In his leisure time, he personally gave lectures. All the palace maids observed the six fasting days. He ordained many monks and built numerous temples. Emperor Xuanwu, the second son of Emperor Xiaowen, ordered Bodhiruci from the Western Regions to translate the \*Lankavatara Sutra\* in the Purple Ultimate Hall, and the Emperor personally transcribed it. He also lectured on the \*Vimalakirti Sutra\* in the Shiqian Hall. There were forty-seven major state temples, 840 temples built by the three dukes and other officials, and 31,000 temples built by the common people. The number of monks reached two million. At that time, more than three thousand people came from the Western Regions. The Emperor established the Yongming Monastery with over a thousand rooms to accommodate them. Influenced from near and far, everyone served the Buddha. Emperor Xiaoming, the second son of Emperor Xuanwu, ordered all commanderies to erect five-story pagodas. Empress Dowager Hu commanded Song Yun and the monk Huisheng, among others, to travel to the Western Heavens to seek scriptures. Four years later, Song Yun and his party returned from the Western Regions, bringing back 170 Buddhist scriptures. In the eighteenth year of the Taihe era, the Emperor visited the White Pagoda Temple in Xuzhou. When Master Daodeng of the temple passed into nirvana, the Emperor issued an edict mourning his loss, donated a thousand bolts of silk, provided alms to all monks, and held seven days of Dharma assemblies in the capital. The Indian meditation master Buddhabhadra cherished Song Mountain, so the Emperor ordered the Shaolin Temple to be built on Shaoshi Mountain for him to reside. The master ordained disciples Sengchou and Huiguang. In the second year of the Zhengguang era of Emperor Xiaoming's reign, Bodhidharma entered Wei from Liang and went to the Shaolin Temple on Song Mountain, where he sat facing a wall. The Emperor summoned him three times, but he did not come. The Emperor then bestowed upon him a monk's robe, a golden alms bowl, a silver water bottle, and silk fabrics. The master initially refused but accepted after three attempts. Empress Dowager Hu built the Yongning Temple next to the palace, casting one golden statue sixteen feet tall, ten statues of medium height, and two statues of kings. She also constructed a nine-story pagoda, 190 feet tall, with a finial pole on top reaching 100 feet. The golden bells and chimes on the pagoda were as large as jars, their sound audible ten miles away in the quiet of night. Since Buddhism entered China, there had never been such flourishing of pagodas and temples. The state of Wei possessed a total of 419 Buddhist scriptures, comprising 1,919 volumes.