---
title: "南山律在家備覽略編 · 第四目　闕第四緣"
description: "南山律在家備覽略編由近代高僧弘一法師編撰。該書成於民國時期，是對唐代道宣律祖南山律的系統整理與精要闡釋，旨在為在家居士提供清晰可行的戒律指南。內容涵蓋皈戒、持戒、懺悔等核心議題，提煉南山律精髓，並結合時代需求予以簡明詮釋。此書被譽為漢傳佛教在家律學的權威入門典籍，對現代居士持戒修行具有重要指導意義，在佛教律學傳承中佔有承先啟後的關鍵地位。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmgn0mjjr2ybql404osd5p70o"
---

### 第四目　闕第四緣

> Chapter 4: Missing the Fourth Condition

▲戒疏云『闕第四緣。有盜無盜心、前心下罪。　本無、非罪。』

> The Precepts Commentary says: "When the fourth condition is lacking, if there is a mind to steal but no act of stealing, the offense is a minor one. If there was originally no intent to steal, there is no offense."

行宗釋云『初約先有後無。前心下罪者遠方便也。　下句次約始終無心。如開緣中、糞掃親厚等取也。　由前具緣不列方便、故此闕中須分二種、當知先有後無即闕方便、始終無者正是闕心。　問、前心犯下罪、那云闕心。答、望未動身、猶非盜等、故名闕心。　若爾、至次方便轉入無心、名闕心否。答、身色纔動、盜業已彰、但物未離未成根本、是以擁住次近並名闕第五耳。　問、前心後轉、與闕想何異。答。闕想有心、此據無心。又前約動身後轉、此約初心即轉。如是思之。』見戒疏記卷六

> Xingzong’s commentary explains: “The first part addresses cases where intention exists initially but later fades. The earlier thought that leads to a minor offense refers to the initial preparatory stage. The next sentence addresses cases where there was no intention from start to finish, as seen in allowances such as picking up discarded items or taking from close friends. Since the earlier discussion on conditions did not list preparatory stages, this omission must be distinguished into two types: one where intention first exists and then fades, which corresponds to a lack of preparatory action; and another where intention is absent throughout, which is precisely a lack of intent. Question: If the earlier thought results in a minor offense, how can it be called a lack of intent? Answer: Since the body has not yet moved, it does not yet constitute theft, so it is termed a lack of intent. If so, when one reaches the next preparatory stage and then shifts to a state without intent, does this also count as a lack of intent? Answer: As soon as the body moves, the act of theft becomes evident, but since the object has not yet been removed and the crime is not completed, it is halted at the subsequent preparatory stage and is also categorized as lacking the fifth condition. Question: How does an initial intention that later shifts differ from a lack of perception? Answer: A lack of perception still involves intention, whereas this case involves no intention. Furthermore, the former refers to intention shifting after the body has moved, while the latter refers to intention shifting from the very beginning. Reflect on this in such a manner.” <note place="inline">See Commentary on the Precepts, Volume 6</note>