---
title: "南山律在家備覽略編 · 第一端　正明犯緣"
description: "南山律在家備覽略編由近代高僧弘一法師編撰。該書成於民國時期，是對唐代道宣律祖南山律的系統整理與精要闡釋，旨在為在家居士提供清晰可行的戒律指南。內容涵蓋皈戒、持戒、懺悔等核心議題，提煉南山律精髓，並結合時代需求予以簡明詮釋。此書被譽為漢傳佛教在家律學的權威入門典籍，對現代居士持戒修行具有重要指導意義，在佛教律學傳承中佔有承先啟後的關鍵地位。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmgn0mjjs2ycpl404mf4eft2l"
---

### 第一端　正明犯緣

> First Section: Clarifying the Conditions for Transgression

▲事鈔云『具九緣。一對境是人、二人想、三境虛、四自知境虛、五有誑他心、六說過人法、七自言已證、八言章了、九前人解。』

> The Commentary on the Four-Part Vinaya says: "There are nine conditions. First, the person you are speaking to is a real person. Second, you regard them as a person. Third, the matter itself is false. Fourth, you know within yourself that it is false. Fifth, you have the intention to deceive them. Sixth, you speak of the qualities of one who has gone beyond ordinary humans. Seventh, you claim that you yourself have attained them. Eighth, your words are clearly expressed. Ninth, the other person understands them."

資持釋云『緣中、初後屬所對、中七屬能犯。七中、前四是心、後三屬口。言境虛者實無所知也。過人法者無漏聖道、出過凡法故。』見事鈔記卷十八

> The Commentary on the Vinaya says: "Among the conditions, the first and last belong to the object confronted, while the middle seven belong to the one who commits the offense. Of those seven, the first four pertain to the mind, and the last three pertain to speech. 'False object' means that in reality one knows nothing at all. 'Surpassing human qualities' refers to the undefiled noble path, because it transcends ordinary qualities."<note place="inline">See the Records of the Vinaya Commentary, fascicle 18</note>

行宗云『初後是境、二五並心、餘皆妄法。』見戒疏記卷七

> Xingzong says: 'The first and last \[precepts\] concern circumstance; the second and fifth \[pairs\] concern the mind; the rest deal with delusive dharmas.' <note place="inline">See the Commentary on the Precepts, volume 7.</note>