--- title: "南山律在家備覽略編 · 第二支　隨釋" description: "南山律在家備覽略編由近代高僧弘一法師編撰。該書成於民國時期，是對唐代道宣律祖南山律的系統整理與精要闡釋，旨在為在家居士提供清晰可行的戒律指南。內容涵蓋皈戒、持戒、懺悔等核心議題，提煉南山律精髓，並結合時代需求予以簡明詮釋。此書被譽為漢傳佛教在家律學的權威入門典籍，對現代居士持戒修行具有重要指導意義，在佛教律學傳承中佔有承先啟後的關鍵地位。" url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmgn0mjjs2yd9l404fitmlab8" --- ### 第二支　隨釋 > Second Branch: Detailed Explanation ▲事鈔云『律云。時者、明相出乃至日中。非時者、從日中乃至明相未出。　僧祇。日正中時、名時非時、若食亦犯。時過如一瞬一髮、食者正犯。』 > The \*Shishi Chao\* states: "The \*Vinaya\* says: 'The proper time is from the appearance of dawn until midday. The improper time is from midday until dawn has not yet appeared.' According to the \*Mahāsāṃghika\* school, exactly at midday is considered 'the borderline of time and non-time'; eating then is also an offense. If even a moment or a hair's breadth passes beyond midday, eating is a full offense." 資持釋云『云至中者此明極限、食必中前。　正中亦犯故知受食必在中前。　經中食時、乃當辰巳。古德卯齋、護之彌急。有聞諸佛日中食、便謂中前非法、蓋不知教也。』 > The \*Zichi Commentary\* explains: "As for 'by noon,' this establishes the absolute limit—meals must be taken before noon. Even eating exactly at noon is an offense, so it's understood that receiving food must occur prior to midday. In the sutras, the mealtime falls around the hours of \*chen\* (7–9 a.m.) and \*si\* (9–11 a.m.). Ancient masters advocated eating at the \*mao\* hour (5–7 a.m.), guarding this rule with utmost care. Some have heard that Buddhas eat at midday and then wrongly conclude that eating before noon is not in accordance with the Dharma—this is simply a failure to understand the teachings." 日中之義、如附錄中日中攷委明。 > The meaning of "noon" is clarified in the appendix, "Study on Noon." 前列緣中、云時食者、如疏鈔所謂豆穀乳酪餅果飯菜及米汁粉汁等、從明相出至於日中、聖教所許、故名時食、非時不許妄服。若清澄之果汁、及蜜等、併一切鹹苦辛甘不任為食之藥如胡椒黃芪等、以上三類不名時食、若有病者、以水和合、非時開服。 > Regarding the "timely foods" mentioned above: as the commentaries explain, these include grains, beans, milk and dairy products, cakes, fruits, cooked rice and vegetables, as well as rice water and flour drinks. They are permitted from dawn until noon, as allowed by the sacred teachings—hence the term "timely foods." Outside of these hours, one should not casually consume them. As for clear fruit juices, honey, and all medicines that are salty, bitter, spicy, or sweet and not considered proper food—such as pepper or astragalus—these three categories are not classified as "timely foods." However, if one is ill, they may be mixed with water and taken even at improper times. △事鈔云『五百問云、食已、用楊枝、若灰嗽口。』已上皆見事鈔記卷二十三 > A matter hand-book states: "According to the \*Five Hundred Questions\*, after eating, one should use a willow twig or ash to rinse the mouth." All of the above are from the \*Matter Hand-book Commentary\*, volume 23.