---
title: "南山律在家備覽略編 · 第一節　明用與"
description: "南山律在家備覽略編由近代高僧弘一法師編撰。該書成於民國時期，是對唐代道宣律祖南山律的系統整理與精要闡釋，旨在為在家居士提供清晰可行的戒律指南。內容涵蓋皈戒、持戒、懺悔等核心議題，提煉南山律精髓，並結合時代需求予以簡明詮釋。此書被譽為漢傳佛教在家律學的權威入門典籍，對現代居士持戒修行具有重要指導意義，在佛教律學傳承中佔有承先啟後的關鍵地位。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmgn0mocd2zhyl404w44042kp"
---

### 第一節　明用與

> Section 1: Clarifying Function and Substance

▲事鈔云『佛法中無貴賤親疏。唯以有法平等、應同護之。人來乞索、一無與法。若隨情輒與、即壞法也。』

> The Essentials of the Vinaya states: "In the Buddha's teachings, there is no distinction between noble and lowly, close or distant. The Dharma is equally present in all, and all should be protected equally. When someone comes to beg or seek something, there is nothing to be given except the Dharma. If one gives casually according to personal feelings, that would undermine the Dharma."

資持釋云『初勸依法。一無與者謂不非用也。心能依法、如下則聽。』

> The commentary by Zichi explains: 'First, it encourages relying on the Dharma. The phrase "nothing is given" means not to misuse it. If the mind can rely on the Dharma, then, as follows, one may listen accordingly.'

△事鈔續云『俗人本非應齋食者。然須借問。能齋、與食。不能齋者、示語因果、使信罪福、知非為吝、懷歡而退。此中非生人好處、非生人惡處。不得一向瞋人、一向任人不齋者而食。必須去情存道、善知處量也。是以謹守佛教、慎護僧法、是第一慈悲人。現在未來一切眾生離苦得樂故。』

> The commentary continues: "Laypeople, by their nature, are not meant to observe the precept of eating before noon. However, we must still ask them. If they can observe it, we should give them food. If they cannot observe it, we should teach them about cause and effect, so that they come to believe in the consequences of their actions—both the blessings of good deeds and the suffering of bad ones. We should let them know our refusal is not out of stinginess, and they should leave with a joyful heart. <note place="inline">In this matter, we do not judge others as inherently good or bad. We should not simply resent people \[for breaking precepts\], nor should we simply let anyone who is not observing the precept eat \[without guidance\]. We must set aside personal feelings and uphold the Dharma, skillfully discerning the appropriate response.</note> Therefore, one who carefully observes the Buddha's teachings and respectfully protects the monastic code is the most compassionate person. Such a person brings liberation from suffering and the attainment of happiness to all sentient beings, both now and in the future."

資持釋云『二示損益二、初守教之益中、初明善用。註云非生好者以任情故、非生惡者以依法故。　是下結益。』

上云齋者、如宗體篇八戒中委明。　白衣能受齋者得食、出五分律。

△事鈔續云『若不守佛教、隨情壞法。謂聽俗人不齋而食。有來乞請、隨請輒與。令諸眾生不知道俗之分、而破壞僧法、毀損三歸。既無三歸、遠離三寶。令諸眾生沈沒罪河、流入苦海、失於利樂。皆由壞法。　是以不守佛教、不閑律藏、缺示羣生、自昏時網、名第一無慈悲人也。』

資持釋云『二違教之損中、初明非用。　令下二示過、初明失利。後令諸下明墮苦。道俗分者道修智分為俗福田、俗修福分當供道眾。今則反亂故云不知。毀三歸者失彼信心、侵陵三寶故。　是下三結損。』已上皆見事鈔記卷七