---
title: "自說經 · 三"
description: "自說經是南傳佛教巴利三藏中的小部經典之一，由佛陀弟子結集編纂。該經產生於佛陀時代及早期佛教時期，記錄了佛陀在不同情境下未經請示而主動宣說的詩偈。內容主要抒發佛陀成道後的覺悟心境，讚嘆解脫之樂與修行功德，充滿深邃的智慧與宗教情懷。在佛教地位上，自說經被視為原始佛教的重要文獻，直接體現佛陀的自證境界，為研究佛陀本懷及早期佛教思想提供了珍貴依據，深受南傳佛教尊崇。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmgn0pw510ltsjl04kvnn1eb3"
---

### 三

> Three

如是我聞。爾時，世尊與大比丘眾俱往憍薩羅國。世尊由道路而下，往一樹下設座而坐。時有一牧牛者，詣世尊處，禮敬世尊，坐於一隅。坐於一隅之牧牛者，依世尊之法話，教示激勵歡喜，使牧牛者喜悅如是白世尊言：「大德！世尊與比丘眾明日俱受我供養食。」世尊默然承諾。彼牧牛者，知世尊已應諾，即從座起，禮敬世尊，行右繞禮而去。彼牧牛者夜更後，於己家準備多水少粥及新醍醐味，而往告世尊：「大德！今正調食事已。」世尊晨早著內衣持鉢衣，與比丘眾俱至彼牧牛者家坐於所設座。彼牧牛者以多水少粥及新醍醐味，以佛陀為上首用己手供養至諸比丘眾飽謝。彼牧牛者於世尊之食終離鉢，取一低座，坐於一隅。坐於一隅之牧牛者，依世尊法話，教示激勵歡喜，使彼牧牛者喜悅，從座起去。世尊去後不久，有一男子於國境內殺害彼牧牛者。眾多比丘等如是白世尊言：「大德！今日以佛陀為上首及比丘眾等，牧牛者以多水少粥及新醍醐味，用己手供養至飽謝。大德！彼牧牛者被一男子於國境內殺害。」世尊知此已，彼時唱此優陀那：

> Thus have I heard. At one time, the Blessed One was traveling with a large community of monks through the country of Kosala. The Blessed One left the road and sat down at the foot of a tree on a prepared seat. Then a cowherd came to the Blessed One, paid homage to him, and sat down to one side. Sitting there, the cowherd was instructed, inspired, and gladdened by the Blessed One's talk on the Dharma. He then said to the Blessed One: "Venerable sir, may the Blessed One and the community of monks accept tomorrow's meal from me." The Blessed One consented by silence. The cowherd, knowing that the Blessed One had accepted, rose from his seat, paid homage, circumambulated him keeping him to the right, and departed. Then, after the night had passed, the cowherd prepared in his own home an abundance of rice gruel with plenty of water and fresh ghee, and went to announce to the Blessed One: "Venerable sir, the meal is now ready." The Blessed One dressed in the morning, took his bowl and robe, and went with the community of monks to the cowherd's home, where he sat on the prepared seat. The cowherd served and satisfied the community of monks headed by the Buddha with his own hands with the abundant rice gruel and fresh ghee. When the Blessed One had finished his meal and withdrawn his hand from the bowl, the cowherd took a low seat and sat down to one side. Sitting there, he was instructed, inspired, and gladdened by the Blessed One's talk on the Dharma, then rose from his seat and left. Not long after the Blessed One had departed, a man killed that cowherd within the territory. Many monks said to the Blessed One: "Venerable sir, today the cowherd served and satisfied the Buddha and the community of monks with his own hands with abundant rice gruel and fresh ghee. Venerable sir, that cowherd has been killed by a man within the territory." Knowing this, the Blessed One then uttered this inspired verse:

「惡者向惡行，為此欲為彼，恨者向恨者，為此欲為彼，由彼惡導心，欲彼更為惡。」

> When a bad person does bad things, they want this and want that. A hateful person, meeting another hateful person, wants this and wants that. Led by a mind full of bad intentions, they only want to do more bad.