---
title: "人施設論 · 第九章　九人"
description: "人施設論是南傳佛教上座部典籍《論藏》中的一部重要著作，歸屬於小部。作者為古印度高僧郭哲彰。該論在佛教第三次結集後編入聖典，歷史悠久。其主要內容是依據佛教哲學，對人類進行系統性的分類與解析，深入探討人的不同構成要素、心理狀態與生命特質。在佛教地位上，人施設論是研究早期佛教心理學與哲學的基礎文獻之一，為理解佛陀對“人”的施設與生命現象的深刻洞察提供了權威理論依據，對南傳佛教思想體系具有重要影響。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmgn11imc1sxsjl04mluujpez"
---

### 第九章　九人

> Chapter 9: Nine People

一

> One

如何是正自覺之人耶？於此處有一類之人，先於不隨聞諸法，自現等覺諸諦，於其處獲得一切智，又於諸果自在。此言為正自覺之人。

> What is a fully awakened one? Here, a person, without having heard the teachings before, awakens to the truths by themselves, attaining omniscience and mastery over the fruits. This is called a fully awakened one.

如何是獨覺之人耶？於此處有一類之人，先不隨聞諸法，自現等覺諸諦，於其處不獲得一切智，又諸果不自在。此言為獨覺之人。

如何是俱分解脫人耶？於此處有一類之人，身證八解脫而住，又依其慧而見彼〔四諦〕已，滅盡諸漏而住。此言為俱分解脫人。

> What is a person who is liberated in both ways? Here, there is a type of person who has personally realized and dwells in the eight liberations. Moreover, with wisdom, having seen the Four Noble Truths, they have eradicated all defilements and dwell in this state. This is called a person liberated in both ways.

如何是慧解脫人耶？於此處有一類之人，身不能證八解脫而住，又依其慧而見彼〔四諦〕已，滅盡諸漏而住。此言為慧解脫人。

> What is a person liberated by wisdom? Here, there is a type of person who cannot attain the eight liberations in their body, yet having seen the Four Noble Truths with their wisdom, their defilements are completely extinguished. This is called a person liberated by wisdom.

如何是身證人耶？於此處有一類之人，身證八解脫而住，又依其慧而見彼〔四諦〕已，滅盡一類之漏而住。此言為身證人。

> What is a "body-witness"? In this context, there is a type of person who dwells having personally attained the eight liberations, and having seen the Four Noble Truths with wisdom, their mental defilements are extinguished. Such a person is called a "body-witness."

如何是見至人耶？於此處有一類之人，如實知此是苦……乃至……如實知此是導至苦滅之道，依慧而〔善〕見、〔善〕行依如來所悟之法，依慧而見彼〔四諦〕已，滅盡一類之漏而住。此言為見至人。

> What is a person who has attained insight? Here, a certain individual truly understands, "This is suffering" … and so on … and truly understands, "This is the path leading to the end of suffering." With wisdom, they clearly see and follow the Dharma realized by the Tathāgata. Having seen these Four Noble Truths with wisdom, they dwell having eradicated some of the defilements. This is called a person who has attained insight.

如何是信解人耶？於此處有一類之人，如實知此是苦……乃至〔一．三四參照〕……滅盡而住。然而不如見至〔人之時〕。此言為信解人。

> What is a person of faith and understanding? Here, there is a type of person who truly knows this is suffering... and so on, up to... they dwell having fully understood it. However, they are not like one who has attained direct insight. Such a person is called one of faith and understanding.

如何是隨法行人耶？是預流果能作證向人之……乃至〔一．三五參照〕……〔預流果能作證〕向人以隨法行人，若入於果者為見至〔人〕。

> What is a person who practices in accordance with the Dharma? It is one who is on the path to realizing the fruit of Stream-Entry... (see 1.35) ... The person on the path to realizing the fruit of Stream-Entry who practices in accordance with the Dharma, upon entering the fruit, is called "one who has attained vision."

如何是隨信行人耶？於預流果能作證向人之……乃至〔一．三六參照〕……〔預流果能作證〕向人以隨信行人入於果者為信解〔人〕。

> What is a faith-follower? One who, toward the realization of the fruit of stream-entry, is practicing... and so forth... A faith-follower who enters into the fruit of stream-entry is called a faith-devotee.

第九章畢