---
title: "敦博本六祖壇經校訂全文 · 第四十五折"
description: "黄连忠校订的敦博本六祖壇經校訂全文是民国时期对敦煌博物馆藏六祖壇經写本的权威整理本。该版本源自唐代禅宗六祖惠能的弟子记录其言行和顿悟法门的典籍，成书于唐代禅宗兴盛的历史背景下。主要内容涵盖惠能大师的生平传记、般若智慧、无念为宗及顿悟成佛的核心思想，是禅宗的重要文献。此校订本在佛教中具有崇高地位，作为南宗禅的根本经典之一，对中国佛教及东亚思想文化影响深远，是研究禅宗思想与历史的关键文本。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmgn1cdc03vxtl404wyf4jlov"
---

### 【第四十五折】

> Chapter 45

大師遂喚門人法海、志誠、法達、智常、智通、志徹、志道、法珍、法如、神會。大師言：「汝等十弟子近前，汝等不同餘人，吾滅度後，汝等各為一方師。吾教汝等說法，不失本宗。舉三科法門，動用三十六對，出沒即離兩邊，說一切法，莫離於性相。若有人問法，出語盡雙，皆取法對，來去相因，究竟二法盡除，更無去處。三科法門者，蔭、界、入。蔭，是五蔭；界，是十八界；入，是十二入。何名五蔭？色蔭、受蔭、想蔭、行蔭、識蔭是。何名十八界？六塵、六門、六識。何名十二入？外六塵，中六門。何名六塵？色、聲、香、味、觸、法是。何名六門？眼、耳、鼻、舌、身、意是。法性起六識：眼識、耳識、鼻識、舌識、身識、意識，六門、六塵。自性含萬法，名為含藏識。思量即轉識，生六識，出六門、六塵，是三六十八。由自性邪，起十八邪；若自性正、起十八正。惡用即眾生，善用即佛。用由何等？由自性。」

> The Master then called his disciples—Fahai, Zhicheng, Fada, Zhichang, Zhitong, Zhiche, Zhidao, Fazhen, Faru, and Shenhui. The Master said: "You ten disciples, come closer. You are different from others. After my passing, each of you will become a teacher in your own region. I will teach you how to teach the Dharma without losing the core of our tradition. "When teaching, use the three categories of reality and the thirty-six pairs of opposites. When you speak, always steer clear of the two extremes. When explaining any teaching, never depart from the true nature of things. If someone asks you about the Dharma, answer in pairs, always using the paired opposites. Answers and questions depend on each other, and in the end, both extremes are completely removed—there is nowhere else to go. "The three categories are: the aggregates, the realms, and the sense bases. The aggregates are the five aggregates. The realms are the eighteen realms. The sense bases are the twelve sense bases. "What are the five aggregates? Form, feeling, perception, mental formations, and consciousness. "What are the eighteen realms? The six sense objects, the six sense faculties, and the six consciousnesses. "What are the twelve sense bases? The six external sense objects and the six internal sense faculties. "What are the six sense objects? Form, sound, smell, taste, touch, and mental objects. "What are the six sense faculties? Eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body, and mind. "From the essential nature arise the six consciousnesses: eye consciousness, ear consciousness, nose consciousness, tongue consciousness, body consciousness, and mind consciousness—along with the six sense faculties and the six sense objects. "The self-nature contains all phenomena, which is why it is called the 'store consciousness.' When you engage in thinking, it transforms into the active consciousness, giving rise to the six consciousnesses, which emerge through the six faculties and perceive the six objects. This makes three times six—eighteen. If the self-nature is twisted, the eighteen are twisted. If the self-nature is upright, the eighteen are upright. When used wrongly, you are an ordinary being. When used rightly, you are a Buddha. And what is this use based on? It is based on the self-nature."