---
title: "靈峰蕅益大師宗論 · 沙彌持犯考序"
description: "靈峰蕅益大師宗論是明末高僧智旭的著作。明末佛教面臨內部僵化與外部挑戰，智旭大師立足天台宗，主張禪教律淨融合，回應時代弊病。該書匯集其書信、註疏與開示，系統闡述性相融通、淨土為歸的佛學思想，強調解行並進與實踐修行。作為中國佛教史上承先啟後的巨著，它深刻影響了後世漢傳佛教的發展，尤其對淨土宗的推廣貢獻卓著，被尊為淨土宗第九祖的智旭，其思想透過此論成為明清佛教的重要指南。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmgn46k3s0onok104tag6lhfy"
---

### 沙彌持犯考序

> Preface to the Examination of Novice Monks' Transgressions

楚生員署冥府第七殿，閱冊，見妻盜鄰雞，急令相還，罪款遂失。夫俗人造罪，是其分內，猶莫逃陰鑒如此，況沙彌隨佛出家，同僧利養，十種淨戒，盡壽誓持，柰何不時時自考，乃令冥府司權邪？然則斯格也，上士雖不必記，正不妨記，中士必勤記之，下士實不能記，乃藉口於不必記，夫烏知有記之者矣。

> In the seventh court of the underworld, a scholar from Chu passed through and saw in the records that his wife had stolen a chicken from a neighbor. He urgently ordered the record of this offense to be returned, and thus the charge disappeared. Ordinary people commit offenses as a matter of course, yet even they cannot escape the hidden judgment of the underworld. How much more so for a novice monk, who has left home to follow the Buddha, sharing in the offerings of the Sangha, and has vowed to uphold the ten pure precepts for life. How then can he fail to constantly examine himself, leaving the authority of judgment to the underworld? Yet consider this principle: for the highest practitioners, though they need not record their faults, it is still fine to do so. For intermediate practitioners, it is essential to diligently record them. For the lowest practitioners, truly unable to keep a record, they may excuse themselves by saying it is unnecessary—yet how do they know if Someone is already keeping a record for them?