---
title: "附隨 · 〔四波羅夷〕"
description: "附隨是南传上座部佛教律藏的重要组成部分作者是佛陀的弟子伍巴离尊者其内容成书于第一次结集后作为对巴利律藏的补充和详细解释主要阐述僧团的各种细微戒律条文包括僧众的日常起居衣食用药等具体规范以及戒律制定因缘和持犯案例在佛教中附隨具有极高的权威性它与经分別犍度部共同构成巴利律藏三大部分是研究原始佛教僧团生活和戒律实修的核心文献对南传佛教地区的戒律传承与僧伽教育影响深远"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmgn6vo171njzk104cse5fkam"
---

### 一〔四波羅夷〕

> Four Defeats

### 〔四波羅夷〕

> Four Parajikas

依彼智者、見者、應供者、等正覺者之世尊，於何處制立第一波羅夷耶？因何人耶？為何事耶？其處有制、隨制、不隨犯制耶？〔於一切處〕遍通制耶？〔一處〕限定制耶？〔比丘、比丘尼〕共通制耶？不共通制耶？〔比丘、比丘尼中〕一部眾制耶？兩部眾制耶？於五種波羅提木叉讀誦法中，入於何處、攝入於何處耶？依何讀誦法而誦出耶？四種失壞中，為何種失壞耶？七種罪聚中，為何種罪聚耶？六種犯罪等起中，依幾種等起而生起耶？四種諍事中，為何種諍事耶？七種滅法中，依幾種滅法而滅之耶？其中何者為毘尼而何者為阿毘毘尼、何者為波羅提木叉而何者為增上波羅提木叉、何者為失壞而何者為成就、何者為道？世尊依幾種義利而制立第一波羅夷，何人學習、何人學習已、〔戒〕住何處、何人護持、為何人之語而由何人傳承之？

> Where did the Blessed One, the Wise One, the Seer, the Worthy One, the Fully Enlightened One, establish the first Parajika offense? For whom was it established? For what reason? Was it established in that place, with a subsequent ruling, and without later violations? Was it a universal rule for all places, or a limited rule for one place? Was it a common rule for both monks and nuns, or not common to both? Was it established for one part of the community, or for both parts? Among the five methods of reciting the Patimokkha, where is it included and into which category is it incorporated? By which recitation method is it proclaimed? Among the four types of downfall, which type of downfall is it? Among the seven categories of offenses, which category of offense is it? Among the six origins of offenses, by how many origins does it arise? Among the four types of disputes, which type of dispute is it? Among the seven methods of settling disputes, by how many methods is it resolved? Among these, what is Vinaya and what is Adhivinaya, what is Patimokkha and what is Higher Patimokkha, what is downfall and what is accomplishment, what is the path? For how many benefits did the Blessed One establish the first Parajika? Who learns it, who having learned it, where does the precept abide, who upholds it, and for whose words is it transmitted by whom?