---
title: "清淨道論 · 十不淨之語義"
description: "清淨道論是五世紀上座部佛教論師佛音尊者所造的一部系統性巨著由覺音法師譯為中文。該論以戒定慧三學為框架詳細闡述了修行者從初學至證悟涅槃的完整清淨之道。內容涵蓋七清淨與十六觀智並匯總了南傳佛教的禪修理論與實踐方法體系嚴密被譽為佛教禪修百科全書。該論是上座部佛教最具權威的修行指南之一對南傳佛教國家影響深遠至今仍是禪修教學與佛學研究的重要典籍。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmgn7b31z00xel5043o094lqu"
---

### 〔十不淨之語義〕

> The Semantics of the Ten Impurities

（一）如吹入風之鞴〔令膨脹〕，壽命之盡後，依於膨而起次第之膨脹，故為膨脹。膨脹即「膨脹相」，又為厭惡膨脹者為「膨脹相」。此皮膚之膨脹是屍體之同義語。

> (1) Like air blown into bellows causing expansion, after the end of life, swelling occurs in stages due to the inflation. Thus, it is called "swelling." Swelling is the "swollen state." For those who find the swollen state repulsive, it is also termed the "swollen state." This swelling of the skin is a synonym for a corpse.

（二）破壞後之青色謂青瘀。青瘀即「青瘀相」。又為厭逆，故厭惡青瘀者，為「青瘀相」，此〔屍體〕肉多之處而有青瘀。膿集積處有白色，於全般有青色，青處如纏青衣，是屍體之同義語。

> (2) After decay, the bluish discoloration is called "bluish putrefaction." This bluish putrefaction is the "sign of bluish putrefaction." Moreover, because it is repulsive, the aversion to such discoloration is also referred to as the "sign of bluish putrefaction." Where the flesh is thick on the corpse, there is bluish bruising. Where pus collects, there is whiteness, while overall a blue tint spreads. The bluish areas appear as if the body were wrapped in blue cloth—this is a synonym for the corpse itself.

（三）於破壞由諸處膿流出，為膿爛。膿爛即「膿爛相」。又為厭逆，故厭惡膿爛者，為「膿爛相」。此膿爛相是屍體之同義語。

> (3) When pus flows out from various parts of a decaying body, this is called "pus decay." The state of being repelled by this pus decay is the "sign of pus decay." This pus decay is synonymous with the corpse.

（四）斷破為二而離開者謂斷壞。斷壞即「斷壞相」。又為厭逆，故厭惡斷壞者，為「斷壞相」。此由中央裂斷是屍體之同義語。

> (4) When a body is cut in two and separated, it is called "breaking apart." This breaking apart is the "sign of breaking apart." Moreover, because it is repulsive, the one who finds it disgusting embodies the "sign of breaking apart." This refers to a corpse split down the middle, which is a synonym for a dead body.

（五）此處彼處由種種犬、野干等所食者，為「食殘」。食殘即「食殘相」。又為厭逆，故厭惡食殘，為「食殘相」。此所食殘相是屍體之同義語。

（六）於種種之分散為散亂。散亂即「散亂相」。又為厭逆，故厭惡散亂者，為「散亂相」。如此手、足、頭亦別別分散，散於此處彼處，是屍體之同義語。

（七）由斫斬而如前述同樣散亂，為「斬斫離散相」。此如鴉之足跡，以刀斬四肢五體，如前述同樣散亂，是屍體之同義語。

（八）血散在、散亂，由此處彼處流出，為「血塗相」。此流出塗血，是屍體之同義語。

（九）以蛆蟲謂蟲。蟲之散在，為「蟲聚相」。此蛆蟲之充滿，相是屍體之同義語。

（一〇）骨，為「骸骨相」，又為厭逆，故厭惡骨者，為「骸骨相」。此是銷骨，或一骨之同義語。

其次，此等〔十不淨〕，是依此等之膨脹相等生起諸相之〔名〕，又由〔其〕諸相，獲得諸禪之名。