---
title: "摩訶婆羅多的故事 · 9.般度王的死"
description: "摩诃婆罗多的故事由拉贾戈帕拉查理改写，唐季雍翻译，金克木校订。这部作品源于古印度史诗摩诃婆罗多，成书于公元前数世纪，背景为列国纷争的印度社会，核心叙述俱卢族与般度族为争夺王位爆发的战争，穿插大量哲学与神话。主要内容围绕正法、责任与解脱展开，以黑天教导阿周那的薄伽梵歌为核心，强调行动瑜伽与精神觉悟。在佛教中，它虽属印度教经典，但共享轮回、业报等概念，常被比较引用，作为理解古印度思想的重要参照，影响深远。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmgviwqis000gju04br9we19m"
---

### 9.般度王的死

> Death of King Pandu

有一天，般度王出外打獵，恰好一位仙人和自己的妻子喬妝為鹿也在森林裏作樂。般度王不知道這鹿是仙人扮的，一箭射中了牡鹿。仙人受傷死了，臨死時詛咒般度王道：「犯罪的人啊！將來你一嘗到床第之樂，你就得死。」般度王聽到這個詛咒，十分傷心，回到宮裏，把國事委托給毗濕摩和維杜羅，自己帶着兩個妻子隱居到森林中去，在森林裏過着禁慾的生活。貢蒂看到般度王十分希望有子嗣，可是仙人的詛咒使他不能生育，就把敝衣仙人教給她求子咒的事告訴了他。

> One day, King Pandu went out hunting, and it so happened that a sage and his wife, disguised as deer, were also enjoying themselves in the forest. Not knowing that the deer was actually the sage in disguise, Pandu shot and killed the stag with his arrow. As the sage lay dying, he cursed King Pandu, saying, "O sinful one! The moment you taste the pleasures of the bedchamber, you shall die." Hearing this curse, King Pandu was deeply distressed. He returned to his palace, entrusted the affairs of state to Bhishma and Vidura, and then retired to the forest with his two wives, where he lived a life of strict austerity. Seeing that King Pandu greatly desired heirs but was unable to father children because of the sage's curse, Kunti told him about the boon-giving mantra that the sage Kindama had taught her.

於是般度王慫慂貢蒂和瑪德利利用咒子。天神們受了求子咒的召喚使她們生下了般度五子。這五個孩子是在森林裏出生，在修道人中長大的。般度王和他的妻兒在森林裏過了很多年。

一個春光明媚的日子，般度王和瑪德利見到森林中的花、草、蟲、鳥以及別的生物無不生氣盎然，不覺春心蕩漾，忘了自己的憂傷。雖然瑪德利再三堅决拒絕，般度却受不了季節的誘惑，控制不住自己。立刻仙人的詛咒生效，般度死了。

> On a bright and beautiful spring day, King Pandu and Madri saw the flowers, grasses, insects, birds, and all living beings in the forest brimming with vitality. Their hearts stirred with spring fever, and they forgot their sorrows. Although Madri firmly refused again and again, Pandu could not resist the season's temptation and lost control of himself. Immediately, the sage's curse took effect, and Pandu died.

瑪德利不能抑制自己的悲傷，因為她認為自己對國王的死應該負責。她把親生的兩個孩子托付給貢蒂，請貢蒂留在世上做這兩個無爹無娘的孩子的母親，自己便跳入火葬般度王的熊熊烈火中殉葬了。

> Madri could not contain her grief, believing herself responsible for the king's death. She entrusted her two young sons to Kunti, beseeching her to remain in this world as a mother to these fatherless children. Then, she leapt into the blazing funeral pyre of King Pandu, choosing to end her life alongside him.

森林中的修道人把傷心萬分的孀婦貢蒂和般度五子送回象城，交付給毗濕摩。那時候堅戰還只有十六歲。

那些修道人到象城報告般度死在森林中的消息後，舉國上下異常悲傷。維杜羅，毗濕摩，廣博仙人，持國王，以及其他的人為般度王舉行了喪禮。全國人民悲痛得像喪失了自己的親人似的。

> When the ascetics arrived in the city of Hastinapura and reported the news of Pandu's death in the forest, the entire kingdom was plunged into deep sorrow. Vidura, Bhishma, the sage Vyasa, King Dhritarashtra, and all the others performed the funeral rites for King Pandu. The people of the nation mourned as if they had lost their own kin.

廣博仙人對老祖母貞信說：「過去在快樂中度過，未來却隱藏着很多憂患。像做了一場好夢一樣，世界已度過了他的青春時代，現在要進入幻滅、罪惡、哀傷和痛苦的時期了。時間是無情的。你用不着待在這兒眼見災難與不幸降落到這個家族頭上。你還是離開城市到森林的道院中去度你的餘年吧。」貞信后同意了。她帶着安必迦和安波利迦到森林中去了。這三位老王后經過修行到達了幸福的最高境界，避免了為自己的子孫悲傷。

> The sage Vyasa spoke to his grandmother Satyavati: "The past was spent in joy, but the future holds many sorrows. Like a pleasant dream, the world has passed through its youthful days and now enters a time of disillusionment, sin, grief, and suffering. Time is merciless. There is no need for you to remain here and witness the calamities and misfortunes that will befall this family. Leave the city and go to the forest hermitage to spend your remaining years." Queen Satyavati agreed. She took Ambika and Ambalika with her into the forest. These three former queens, through their spiritual practice, attained the highest state of bliss and were spared the sorrow of grieving for their descendants.