---
title: "摩訶婆羅多的故事 · 97.堅戰的懊惱"
description: "摩诃婆罗多的故事由拉贾戈帕拉查理改写，唐季雍翻译，金克木校订。这部作品源于古印度史诗摩诃婆罗多，成书于公元前数世纪，背景为列国纷争的印度社会，核心叙述俱卢族与般度族为争夺王位爆发的战争，穿插大量哲学与神话。主要内容围绕正法、责任与解脱展开，以黑天教导阿周那的薄伽梵歌为核心，强调行动瑜伽与精神觉悟。在佛教中，它虽属印度教经典，但共享轮回、业报等概念，常被比较引用，作为理解古印度思想的重要参照，影响深远。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmgviwqit002wju04mzrmkzua"
---

### 97.堅戰的懊惱

> Yudhishthira's Distress

般度族祭奠陣亡將士的亡靈，舉行「芝麻水祭」，在恆河岸住了一個月。

有一天，那羅陀大仙出現在堅戰王眼前，問堅戰王道：「孩子，黑天的眷顧，阿周那的勇武，以及你自己的正法的力量，使你贏得勝利。現在你是全國之主了。你快樂嗎？」

堅戰回答道：「大仙，王國確實歸我掌管了。可是我的親屬都死了。我們的那些可愛的兒子一個也沒有了。這勝利在我看來無異是慘敗。大仙啊，我們把我們的親哥哥，那堅守道義，重視榮譽，英雄蓋世的迦爾納，當作敵人殺了。這種弒兄的可怕罪行是我們迷戀財產的結果。而他呢，遵守許給母親的諾言，對我們不下毒手。啊，我是個罪人。我是個謀殺親兄的卑鄙的人。我一想到這件事就懊惱萬分。迦爾納那雙脚多末像我們母親的脚啊。當初大殿上發生那樁暴行時，我怒火上升；可是看到他的那雙脚像極了貢蒂后的脚，我的怒氣平息下來了。現在我記起這件事，心頭越發痛苦。」堅戰王說着便深深嘆了一口氣。於是那羅陀大仙把有關迦爾納的事情以及迦爾納好幾次受到的詛咒講給堅戰王聽。

> Yudhishthira replied, "Great sage, the kingdom is indeed under my rule now. But all my kinsmen are dead. None of our beloved sons remain. To me, this victory feels no different from a crushing defeat. Great sage, we killed our own elder brother Karna—that man of unwavering righteousness, honor, and unmatched heroism—treating him as an enemy. This terrible crime of fratricide is the result of our greed for wealth. And yet, he kept his promise to our mother and never struck us down. Ah, I am a sinner. I am a vile murderer of my own brother. The thought of it fills me with unbearable remorse. How much Karna’s feet resembled our mother’s feet! When that outrage occurred in the hall, my anger flared up; but seeing how his feet looked just like Queen Kunti’s, my fury subsided. Now, remembering this, my heart aches even more." Saying this, King Yudhishthira let out a deep sigh. Then the great sage Narada told him about Karna’s story and the many curses that had befallen him.

有一次，迦爾納見到阿周那的箭術比自己高明，就去見德羅納，求德羅納教他使用大梵法寶。德羅納拒絕了，告訴他，自己不能隨便傳授，除了德行無虧的婆羅門和修煉多種苦行淨化了自己的剎帝利以外，不能傳授給別人。迦爾納就跑到天帝山去。他欺騙持斧羅摩，說自己是婆羅門，成了持斧羅摩的學生。他從持斧羅摩學習箭術，還學得了不少使用法寶的法術。

> Once, Karna saw that Arjuna's archery skills surpassed his own, so he went to Drona and begged him to teach him the use of the Brahmastra. Drona refused, telling him that he could not impart such knowledge lightly—it could only be taught to a Brahmin of impeccable virtue or a Kshatriya who had purified himself through severe austerities. So Karna went to Mount Mahendra. He deceived Parashurama by claiming to be a Brahmin and became his disciple. Under Parashurama, he learned archery and also mastered many techniques for wielding divine weapons.

一天，迦爾納在持斧羅摩的道院附近的林子裏練習射箭，無意中射死了婆羅門的一頭牛。那婆羅門很生氣，詛咒迦爾納說：「將來你打仗的時候，戰車的輪子會陷在泥裏；你會像被你殺死的那頭無辜的牛一樣被人殺死。」

> One day, Karna was practicing archery in the woods near Parashurama's hermitage when he accidentally shot and killed a Brahmin's cow. The Brahmin was furious and cursed Karna, saying, "In the future, when you go to battle, your chariot's wheel will sink into the mud, and you will be killed just like the innocent cow you slaughtered."

持斧羅摩極喜愛迦爾納，把自己的射箭絕技統統教給他，又把收發大梵法寶的法術也毫無保留地傳授了他。後來，持斧羅摩發現他不是婆羅門了。經過是這樣的：一天下午，老師持斧羅摩枕着迦爾納的腿睡着了。一個蝎子在迦爾納的大腿上咬了一個窟窿。迦爾納怕驚醒老師，靜靜地忍受劇痛，一動也不動。熱血從傷口流出來，驚醒了持斧羅摩。持斧羅摩知道發生了這樣的事，大為憤怒，對着他嚷道：

> Parashurama cherished Karna deeply, imparting to him all his archery secrets and even teaching him the divine art of wielding the Brahmastra without reservation. However, Parashurama later discovered that Karna was not a Brahmin. It happened like this: one afternoon, the teacher Parashurama fell asleep with his head resting on Karna’s thigh. A scorpion bit Karna’s leg, leaving a deep wound. Fearing he might disturb his master’s rest, Karna endured the excruciating pain in silence, not moving a muscle. Warm blood flowed from the wound and eventually woke Parashurama. Realizing what had happened, Parashurama was filled with fury and shouted at him:

「你是個剎帝利。否則你决不能忍受這樣的劇痛絲毫不動。說實話吧。你不是婆羅門。你欺騙了你的老師。蠢東西啊，將來你面臨危險的時候，你會忘了怎樣使用法寶，你用欺騙手段從我這兒學去的一切對你將一無用處。」

> "You are a Kshatriya. Otherwise, you could never have endured such excruciating pain without flinching. Speak the truth. You are not a Brahmin. You have deceived your teacher. Foolish one, when you face danger in the future, you will forget how to wield the sacred teachings. All that you have deceitfully learned from me will be of no use to you."

持斧羅摩仇恨剎帝利是大家都知道的。他發現迦爾納是一個剎帝利時，一怒之下就這樣詛咒了他。

> Everyone knows that Parashurama held a deep grudge against the Kshatriyas. When he discovered that Karna was a Kshatriya, in his rage, he cursed him.

迦爾納非常慷慨，有一天，阿周那的父親因陀羅大神喬裝成婆羅門來求迦爾納施舍。他要迦爾納把胎中帶來的神甲和耳環施舍給他。迦爾納毫不遲疑地拿出來給他了。從那個時候起，迦爾納的勇力就不如以前了。

> Karna was exceptionally generous. One day, Indra, the father of Arjuna, disguised himself as a Brahmin and came to ask Karna for alms. He requested Karna to give him the divine armor and earrings he was born with. Karna did not hesitate and handed them over. From that moment on, Karna's strength was no longer what it had been before.

「迦爾納對自己的母親貢蒂許下的至多只殺你們中的一人的諾言，持斧羅摩的詛咒，給迦爾納射死了牛的婆羅門的憤怒，他的御者沙利耶對他的武力的嘲笑，加上黑天的策略，這些因素共同造成了迦爾納的死亡。別以為他的死是你一人造成的。你用不着悲傷。」那羅陀大仙說。可是堅戰王聽了這番話仍然不能安心。

「兒子，你不用為迦爾納的死責備自己。」貢蒂后對堅戰說。「他的父親太陽神親自勸過他，勸他離開壞心眼的難敵到你們那邊去。我也盡力勸過他。可是他不聽我們。他的死是自己造成的。」

> "My son, do not blame yourself for Karna's death," Queen Kunti said to Yudhishthira. "His father, the Sun God himself, urged him to leave the wicked Duryodhana and join your side. I too tried my best to persuade him. But he would not listen to us. His death was of his own making."

「母親啊，你欺騙了我們，」堅戰王說：「你對我們隱瞞了他的出生。你是這樁大罪的原因。願自此以後女人們再也不能保守秘密。」

> "Mother, you have deceived us," King Yudhishthira said. "You kept his birth hidden from us. You are the cause of this great wrong. From now on, may women never be able to keep a secret."

這是詩人敘述堅戰王痛悔自己殺害親兄弟因而詛咒一切女人的一則故事。

> This is a story where the poet describes how King Yudhishthira, filled with remorse for killing his own brothers, curses all women.