---
title: "太虛大師全書．第一編　佛法總學 · 第一節　釋尊出於印度之背景"
description: "太虛大師全書第一編佛法總學由近代佛教改革領袖釋太虛著於民國時期，成書於二十世紀上半葉。該編為大師佛學思想總綱，系統闡述佛法根本原理，涵蓋教理、修行與世出世法圓融之義。內容包括對佛教經典的統攝解說、人生佛教之理論基礎，以及對傳統佛學的現代詮釋。本書在近現代佛教史上具有里程碑地位，為人間佛教思想奠定理論基石，是研究中國佛教現代轉型與太虛大師思想的重要典籍。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmpjj847p000at1s1vvt1v059"
---

### 第一節　釋尊出於印度之背景

> Section 1: The Background of the Buddha’s Appearance in India

佛學之真理即為宇宙萬有之實相，無始常新。然今此人世所流行之佛學，實由釋迦牟尼佛世尊（簡稱釋尊）證明之宣說之而起。

> The truth of Buddhist teachings is none other than the ultimate reality of the entire universe—timeless and ever-fresh from beginningless time. However, the Buddhist teachings that have spread through the human world today originated from the realization and proclamation of Shakyamuni Buddha (often referred to simply as the World-Honored One).

釋尊之生印度，約在距今二千五百年至二千九百年前。印度天氣溫暖，生活單易，除俗人耽其欲樂之外，輒多深思玄想之士，故特富於宗教哲學之探索。其先已形成為宗教者，曰婆羅門教。傳婆羅門教者，居最上階級。建國領地各貴族曰剎帝利，雖掌執軍政，猶居第二。商賈次之，農工更次之，其下更有傭奴之一級。然修養山林者派生之異學頗多，剎帝利族中智者，先釋尊已有耆那教（尼乾子）之創。釋尊既不安於俗樂，尤不滿於所受之婆羅門學，期一訪森野中修士，遂捨其家國而至終成正覺。

> The Buddha was born in India approximately 2,500 to 2,900 years ago. India's warm climate and simple way of life meant that, aside from ordinary people indulging in sensual pleasures, many engaged in deep contemplation and metaphysical inquiry. This made the region especially rich in religious and philosophical exploration. The religion that had already formed prior to the Buddha was Brahmanism. Those who propagated Brahmanism belonged to the highest social class. The nobles who established kingdoms and governed territories were called Kshatriyas; though they held military and political power, they were only the second class. Below them came merchants, then farmers and workers, and beneath these was a class of servants. However, many different schools of thought emerged among those who practiced spiritual cultivation in the forests. Among the wise of the Kshatriya class, Jainism (Nirgrantha) was founded before the Buddha. The Buddha was dissatisfied with worldly pleasures and especially unhappy with the Brahmanical teachings he had received. Desiring to seek out the ascetics in the wilderness, he left his family and kingdom, ultimately attaining supreme enlightenment.