---
title: "太虛大師全書．第二編　五乘共學 · 一　契理與應機"
description: "太虚大师著《太虛大師全書·第二編 五乘共學》成书于民国时期，是近代佛教革新运动的重要文献。作者太虚为民国高僧，倡导人间佛教。本编以五乘（人、天、声闻、缘觉、菩萨）佛法为框架，系统阐述佛教基本教义，强调人乘正法为出世之基，融通世间与出世间法。该书为现代佛教教育及人间佛教实践提供核心理论依据，在近代佛教复兴中具有承前启后的重要地位，是研究中国佛教现代化转型的必读经典。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmpjj8y670008t1thajy1xuqh"
---

### 一　契理與應機

> Chapter 1: Accordance with Principle and Adaptation to Capacity

今天開講「十善業道經」，在未講本文以前，先講一段經前的懸論。一切經皆謂之契經：一契理，二契機；一切佛法皆從此原則而建立。一切法的真理，所謂諸法真實性相，乃佛智慧所親證，為開示未證眾生亦令證入，是為依契理的原則而說法。在契機的方面，是依種類根性時節因緣，適合一切眾生的機宜，各令覺悟而說法。具此二義，方為契經。現在即本此二義，而說明此經之大義。

> Today we begin the lecture on the Sutra on the Ten Wholesome Ways of Action. Before discussing the text itself, I will first give a preliminary overview. All sutras are called "scriptures that accord." They have two aspects: first, they accord with the ultimate truth; second, they accord with the capacities of beings. All Buddhist teachings are established on this principle. Regarding the ultimate truth—the true nature and characteristics of all phenomena—this is what the Buddha has personally realized through wisdom. To teach those who have not yet realized it, enabling them to attain the same realization, this is the principle of teaching in accordance with truth. Regarding the aspect of beings' capacities, the Buddha teaches according to their various types, temperaments, and the conditions of their time and circumstances, tailoring the teachings to suit each being so that they can awaken. Only when a teaching possesses both of these dimensions can it be called a "scripture that accords." Now, with these two principles in mind, I will explain the great meaning of this sutra.