---
title: "太虛大師全書．第二編　五乘共學 · 丁三　明四攝"
description: "太虚大师著《太虛大師全書·第二編 五乘共學》成书于民国时期，是近代佛教革新运动的重要文献。作者太虚为民国高僧，倡导人间佛教。本编以五乘（人、天、声闻、缘觉、菩萨）佛法为框架，系统阐述佛教基本教义，强调人乘正法为出世之基，融通世间与出世间法。该书为现代佛教教育及人间佛教实践提供核心理论依据，在近代佛教复兴中具有承前启后的重要地位，是研究中国佛教现代化转型的必读经典。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmpjj8yxg007mt1the48831sy"
---

### 丁三　明四攝

> Clarifying the Four Means of Embracing

『居士子！有四攝事，云何為四？一者、惠施，二者、愛言，三者、行利，四者、等利』。

> "Householder’s son, there are four ways to bring people together. What are these four? First, giving freely; second, speaking kindly; third, acting for the benefit of others; fourth, treating others as equals."

凡發菩薩心而利他者，當奉行此四法，此四法能將一切眾生收攝在佛法中，故云四攝法。一、惠施，他處譯為布施，欲攝受眾生，或以財施、或以法施、或以無畏施而饒益之，彼必願親近而受教。二、愛言，或譯愛語，欲教化眾生，不能以剛強之言與之抵觸，須以柔和之言語，至誠之態度，令其心悅誠服。三、行利，他處譯為利行，凡作事能以利益與人，人自易來相親，於此行化，則庶幾矣。四、等利，他處譯云同事，能與人同甘苦，共患難，人亦必易來相親。普通人或以職業不同，或以地位不同，即有隔礙不易相親，或反為敵抗。有此四事，則可攝受一切眾生而教化之，是名行菩薩道。

> Those who aspire to the Bodhisattva spirit and wish to benefit others should practice these four methods. These four methods can draw all beings into the embrace of the Buddhist teachings, hence they are called the Four Methods of Embrace. First, \*\*Giving\*\*: In other translations, this is called "Generosity." To embrace beings, one may give material gifts, share the Dharma, or offer protection from fear. By benefiting them in these ways, they will naturally wish to draw near and receive guidance. Second, \*\*Kind Words\*\*: Sometimes translated as "Loving Speech." To teach and transform beings, one must not confront them with harsh or rigid language. Instead, speak with gentle words and a sincere attitude, so that they are willingly convinced and content. Third, \*\*Beneficial Actions\*\*: Elsewhere called "Conduct that Brings Benefit." When you act in ways that bring practical benefits to others, they will naturally feel close to you. Through such conduct, your efforts to guide them will likely succeed. Fourth, \*\*Equal Treatment\*\*: In other versions, this is known as "Shared Work" or "Being on Equal Terms." When you share both joy and hardship with others and face difficulties together, people will naturally find it easy to approach you. Ordinary people often face barriers due to differences in occupation or social status, which may even lead to conflict. By practicing these four methods, one can embrace all beings and guide them, and this is what it means to walk the Bodhisattva path.