三 乙種文化
Class B Culture
此之乙種文化，可以科學及宇宙哲學為代表。英倫派之培根、洛克、休謨、邊沁、約翰彌爾、達爾文、斯賓塞、赫胥黎等，最為傑出。上稽於古，則希臘一元、多元之宇宙哲學者，印度之四大極微論派，中國之法家、名家、兵家及墨家一分。下徵於近，則德國之馬克斯派、尼采派及海克爾等，英國之失勒派、羅素派等，法國之孔德派等，美國之新實在論派、實驗主義派等。故茲所云乙種文化，亦是橫亙東西，縱貫古今。而但可從其性質之偏重點上，以為區別。
This second type of culture can be represented by science and cosmic philosophy. The British school—Bacon, Locke, Hume, Bentham, John Stuart Mill, Darwin, Spencer, Huxley, and others—stands out as most distinguished. Looking back to ancient times, we find the Greek monistic and pluralistic cosmic philosophers, the Indian school of four great elements and atomic theory, and a portion of China's Legalists, Logicians, Militarists, and Mohists. Turning to more recent times, we have Germany's Marxists, Nietzscheans, and Haeckel and his followers; Britain's Schiller school and Russell school; France's Comtean school; and America's New Realists and Pragmatists. Thus, this second type of culture also spans East and West, running through ancient and modern times alike. The distinction can only be drawn based on the emphasis of its nature.