---
title: "起世經 · 1"
description: "起世经是隋代高僧阇那崛多等人翻译的重要佛教经典，属于阿含部经典之一。该经主要阐述宇宙生成、世界构造及众生轮回的佛教世界观，详细描绘了世界的形成、毁灭及再生过程，并探讨了众生业力与轮回的关系。阇那崛多是北印度高僧，隋文帝时期来华，参与译经事业，对汉传佛教经典的传播贡献卓著。起世经在佛教中具有重要地位，为研究佛教宇宙观和轮回思想提供了经典依据，对后世佛教哲学和修行实践影响深远。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmadf8x5f006vl804ypvx0xgs"
---

### 起世經三十三天品第八之一

> Chapter 8: The Heaven of the Thirty-Three, Part 1

「諸比丘！須彌山王頂上，有三十三天宮殿住處，其處縱廣八萬由旬，七重城壁、七重欄楯、七重鈴網。外有七重多羅行樹，周匝圍遶，雜色可觀，七寶所成，所謂金銀琉璃、頗梨赤珠、硨𤦲瑪瑙等。其城舉高四百由旬，厚五十由旬，城壁四面相去，各各五百由旬。於其中間，乃開一門，一一城門，悉皆舉高三十由旬，闊十由旬。其門兩邊，並有樓櫓却敵臺閣、軒檻輦輿。又有諸池花林果樹，其樹各各有種種葉、種種花、種種果、種種香，其香普熏。有種種鳥，各各和鳴，其音調雅，甚可愛樂。又彼諸門，一一門處，各有五百夜叉，為三十三天晝夜守護。

> Monks, at the peak of Mount Sumeru lies the realm of the Thirty-Three Gods. This realm spans eighty thousand leagues and is surrounded by seven concentric walls, seven rows of railings, and seven layers of ornamental bells and nets. Outside these, there are seven rows of palm trees, encircling the area in a vibrant display of mixed colors, all made from the seven precious materials—gold, silver, crystal, red pearls, coral, and agate. The central city wall stands four hundred leagues high and fifty leagues thick. The distance between each side of the wall is five hundred leagues. Within these walls, a single gate is opened at each face. Every gate stands thirty leagues high and ten leagues wide. On either side of each gate are towers, battlements, terraces, and carriages fit for royalty. Moreover, there are ponds, flower gardens, and groves of fruit trees. Each tree has a variety of leaves, blossoms, different fruits, and fragrances that fill the air. Many kinds of birds sing harmoniously, their melodies pleasant and delightful to hear. Furthermore, at each of these gates, there are five hundred yakshas who guard the realm of the Thirty-Three Gods day and night.

「諸比丘！於彼城內，為三十三天王更立一城，名曰善見，其城縱廣六萬由旬，七重城壁、七重欄楯、七重鈴網。外有七重多羅行樹，周匝圍繞，雜色可觀，亦以七寶之所成就，所謂金銀乃至瑪瑙。其城亦高四百由旬，厚五十由旬，城之四面，亦各相去五百由旬。於其中間，便開一門，諸門亦高三十由旬，闊十由旬，一一諸門亦有樓櫓却敵臺閣、水池花林種種奇樹。其樹各有種種葉、種種花、種種果、種種香，其香普熏。種種眾鳥，各各和鳴。如是諸門，門門皆有五百夜叉，為三十三天晝夜守護。

> Monks, within that city, another city was built for the king of the gods, Shakra. It is called Sudarshana (the Beautiful to Behold). This city measures sixty thousand yojanas in area. It has seven walls, seven rows of railings, and seven nets of bells. Outside, there are seven rows of palm trees, circling it all around. These are a delight to the eyes, for they are made of the seven precious substances—gold, silver, and so on up to agate. The city walls themselves are four hundred yojanas high and fifty yojanas thick. On each of the four sides of the city, there is a distance of five hundred yojanas. And in the middle of each side, a gate is opened. Each gate is thirty yojanas high and ten yojanas wide. Every gate has watchtowers, battlements, pavilions, ponds, flower gardens, and many kinds of extraordinary trees. These trees have many kinds of leaves, many kinds of flowers, many kinds of fruits, and many kinds of fragrances; their scents spread everywhere. Many kinds of birds sing together in harmony. Furthermore, at each and every gate, five hundred yakshas stand guard day and night for the sake of the thirty-three gods.

「諸比丘！三十三天善見城側，為伊羅鉢那大龍象王，立一宮殿，其宮縱廣六百由旬，七重牆壁，七重欄楯，略說乃至種種眾鳥，各各和鳴。

> “Monks, next to the City of Good Views in the Heaven of the Thirty-Three, a palace is built for the great dragon-elephant king Erawan. The palace is six hundred leagues wide, with seven layers of walls and seven layers of balustrades. In brief, it is adorned with various birds singing harmoniously together.

「諸比丘！善見城內，有三十三天聚會之處，名善法堂，其處縱廣五百由旬，七重欄楯、七重鈴網。外有七重多羅行樹，周匝圍遶，雜色可觀，乃至瑪瑙等七寶所成。於四方面，各有諸門，一一諸門，皆有樓櫓却敵臺觀，種種雜色，七寶所成。其地純是青琉璃寶，柔軟細滑，觸之猶若迦旃隣提衣。當其中央有一寶柱，高二十由旬。於寶柱下，為天帝釋別置一座，高一由旬，方半由旬，雜色可觀，乃至硨𤦲等七寶成就，柔軟細滑，觸之如前。其座兩邊，各有十六小天王座，夾侍左右，七寶所成，雜色可觀，柔軟細滑，觸之如前。諸比丘！此善法堂，諸天集處，有帝釋宮，其宮縱廣一千由旬，七重垣牆，乃至眾鳥，各各和鳴。

> "Monks, within the city of Sudarshana, there is a gathering place for the Thirty-three Gods called the Hall of Good Dharma. Its dimensions are five hundred yojanas wide and long. It is encircled by seven layers of balustrades and seven layers of jeweled nets. Outside these, there are seven rows of palm trees that form a protective ring, creating a spectacle of varied, beautiful colors. It is made of the seven treasures, such as agate and others. On each of its four sides are various gates. At every gate, there are towers, bastions, and terraces adorned in many vibrant hues, all constructed of the seven treasures. The ground is entirely made of deep blue vaidurya (lapis lazuli) gems, soft and smooth to the touch, much like the fabric of Kācalindika cloth. At the center, there is a jeweled pillar, twenty yojanas high. Beneath this pillar is a specially designated seat for Shakra, the lord of the gods. This seat is one yojana high and half a yojana wide. It is resplendent in many colors, crafted from seven treasures like conch shell, and is soft, smooth, and pleasant to touch, just as described before. On either side of this seat are sixteen smaller thrones for the chief princes of the gods, positioned to his left and right. These too are made of the seven treasures, colorful, and soft to the touch. Monks, this Hall of Good Dharma is the assembly point for the gods. It also contains the palace of Shakra, which measures one thousand yojanas in width and length. This palace is enclosed by seven walls, and there, the chorus of birds—each with its own unique call—resounds in harmony."

「諸比丘！此善法堂諸天集處，東西南北，四面皆有諸小天王宮殿住處。其宮或廣九百由旬，或復縱廣八百由旬，或復七百、六百、五百、四百、三百、二百由旬，其最小者，猶尚縱廣一百由旬。七重垣牆，乃至眾鳥，各各和鳴。又善法堂諸天會處，東西南北，各有三十三天諸小天眾宮殿住處，其宮或廣九十由旬，或復縱廣八十由旬，或復七十、六十、五十、四十、三十、二十由旬，其最小者，猶尚縱廣十二由旬。七重垣牆，乃至眾鳥，各各和鳴。

> Monks, in the Hall of Good Dharma, where the gods assemble, there are palaces for the lesser heavenly kings on all four sides—east, west, south, and north. These palaces vary in size: some are nine hundred yojanas wide, some eight hundred, and others seven hundred, six hundred, five hundred, four hundred, three hundred, or two hundred yojanas. The smallest among them is still a full one hundred yojanas in both length and width. They have seven walls, and various birds sing together in harmony. Furthermore, in this same assembly hall, on its four sides, are the dwellings of the many lesser gods of the Thirty-Three Heavens. Their palaces measure ninety yojanas wide, or eighty, seventy, sixty, fifty, forty, thirty, or twenty yojanas. The smallest is twelve yojanas across. These also have seven walls, and various birds sing together in harmony.

「諸比丘！此善法堂諸天會處，東面有三十三天王苑，名波婁沙，縱廣正等一千由旬，略說乃至七重垣牆，皆瑪瑙等七寶所成。於四方面各有諸門，一一諸門各有樓櫓，雜色可觀，乃至瑪瑙七寶所成。諸比丘！波婁沙苑中，有二大石，一名賢、二名善賢，皆天瑪瑙之所成就，並各縱廣五十由旬，柔軟細滑，觸之猶如迦旃隣提衣。

> "Monks, in the heavenly assembly hall of the Thirty-Three Gods, to the east lies the garden of the king of the gods, named Pārusa. It extends fully a thousand leagues in length and breadth—briefly described—and is enclosed by seven walls made of beryl and other precious gems. On each of its four sides are gates, with watchtowers at every gate, made of precious stones and resplendent with varied colors, even to beryl and other gems. In that garden are two great stones: one named 'Auspicious' and the other 'Good Auspicious.' They are made of celestial beryl, each fifty leagues in length and breadth, soft and smooth to the touch, like the finest Kācalindī cloth.

「諸比丘！此善法堂諸天集處，南面亦有三十三天王苑，名雜色車，其苑縱廣亦千由旬，七重垣牆，乃至瑪瑙之所成就。於四方面各有諸門，一一諸門皆有樓櫓，雜色可觀，乃至瑪瑙等七寶所成。於彼苑中，亦有二石，一名雜色、二名善雜色，天青琉璃之所成就，並各縱廣五十由旬，柔軟細滑，觸之猶如迦旃隣提衣。

> "Monks, in the south of the Hall of Excellence where the gods gather, there is also a royal garden of the Thirty-Three Heavens called the Grove of Many-Colored Chariots. This garden extends a thousand leagues in every direction, surrounded by seven concentric walls adorned with precious stones, even up to carnelian. It has four principal gates, each with watchtowers—a vivid and colorful sight, built from treasures like carnelian and the seven jewels. Within this garden lie two boulders: one called 'Many-Colored' and the other 'Auspiciously Many-Colored,' formed of celestial blue crystal. Each stone spans fifty leagues and is as soft and smooth to the touch as fine \\\*Kācalindika\\\* cloth.

「諸比丘！此善法堂諸天集處，西面復有三十三天王苑，名曰雜亂，其苑縱廣亦千由旬，七重垣牆，乃至七寶之所成就。四方諸門，皆有樓櫓却敵臺閣，並七寶成。此雜亂苑中，亦有二石，一名善現、二名小善現，皆天頗梨之所成就，亦各縱廣五十由旬，柔軟細滑，觸之猶如迦旃隣提衣。

> "Monks, within the Hall of Excellent Dharma where the celestial beings assemble, on its western side lies a garden belonging to the Thirty-Three Heavenly Kings. This garden is called the Park of Diversity. It, too, extends a thousand yojanas in length and width. It is surrounded by seven layers of walls, constructed from the seven precious substances. Its four gates each feature towers, watchtowers, and pavilions, also made of the seven treasures. Within this Park of Diversity, there are two stones: one named Excellent Appearance and the other Minor Excellent Appearance. They are made entirely of celestial crystal, each measuring fifty yojanas in length and width. They are soft, smooth, and pleasant to touch, like the touch of a Kashmira cloth."

「諸比丘！此善法堂諸天集處，北面復有三十三天王苑，名曰歡喜，其苑縱廣亦千由旬，七重垣牆，乃至瑪瑙等七寶所成。四方諸門各有樓櫓却敵臺閣，亦為七寶之所莊嚴。

> "Monks, to the north of the Dharma Hall where the gods gather, there is also the royal garden of the Thirty-Three Heaven Kings, called the Garden of Joy. This garden measures a thousand yojanas in both length and width, surrounded by seven layers of walls, all made of seven precious materials such as agate. Each side has gates, each with towers, battlements, and pavilions, also adorned with the seven treasures."

「諸比丘！歡喜園中，亦有二石，一名歡喜、二名善歡喜，天銀所成，亦各縱廣五十由旬，柔軟潤澤，觸之如觸迦旃隣提衣。

> Monks, in the Garden of Delight there are also two stones—one called Delight and the other Sublime Delight. They are forged from celestial silver, each measuring fifty yojanas in width and length. They are so soft, smooth, and lustrous that touching them feels like stroking the finest kācalindika cloth.

「諸比丘！於波婁沙及雜色車二園之間，為三十三天王故，有一大池，名曰歡喜，縱廣正等五百由旬。其水涼冷，輕軟甘美，清潔不濁。以七寶塼，四面砌累，七重寶板，莊嚴間錯。七重欄楯，乃至七重多羅行樹，周匝圍遶，雜色可觀。於池四方，各有階道，並是七寶之所莊挍。中有諸花，所謂優鉢羅花、鉢頭摩花、拘牟陀花、奔荼利花，其花火形、火色、火光，乃至水形、水色、水光。縱廣大小，皆如車輪。光明所照，至一由旬。風吹香氣，熏一由旬。有諸藕根，大如車軸，割之汁流，色白如乳，其味甘美，如最上蜜。

> "Monks, between the parks of Pālāsa and Citra, there is a grand lotus pond built for the king of the Thirty-Three Heavens. Named the Pond of Delight, it is five hundred yojanas both wide and long. Its waters are cool, refreshing, soft, sweet, and clear, without any turbidity. The pond is lined on all four sides with bricks of seven precious materials, and adorned with seven layers of precious planks, bordered by seven rows of railings, and surrounded by seven rows of palm trees, all in varied and beautiful colors. On each side of the pond, there are stairways made entirely of the seven treasures. Within the pond grow various lotus flowers: the blue lotus, the red lotus, the golden lotus, and the white lotus. These flowers blaze with fire-like forms, colors, and radiances, and also display water-like shapes, hues, and glimmers. Each flower is as large as a chariot wheel, and their light shines forth for one yojana. Their fragrance, carried by the wind, perfumes the air for another yojana. The lotus roots are as thick as an axle; when cut, they flow with a white, milk-like juice, tasting as sweet as the finest honey.

「諸比丘！雜亂、歡喜二園之間，為三十三天王故，有一大樹，名波利夜怛邏俱毗陀羅，其樹本下，周七由旬，略說乃至枝葉遍覆牆院，縱廣五百由旬，七重垣牆，乃至眾鳥，各各和鳴。

> "Monks, between the two gardens of Sundry Delights and Joyful Bliss, there stands a great tree for the sake of the King of the Thirty-Three Devas. It is called the Pariyatthaka Koviḷāra tree. The circumference of its trunk is seven yojanas. To briefly explain, its branches and leaves spread over an enclosure that is five hundred yojanas in breadth and length, surrounded by seven layers of walls. Within this space, various flocks of birds sing in harmony with one another."

「諸比丘！此波利夜怛邏俱毗陀羅樹下有一石，名般荼甘婆羅，天金所成。其石縱廣五十由旬，柔軟潤澤，觸之如觸迦旃隣提衣。

> "Monks, beneath the Poliyataluo Koruopituoluo tree there is a stone called Pantuo Ganpoluo, made of celestial gold. This stone is fifty yojanas wide and long, soft and smooth to the touch, like touching fine Kāśika cloth."

「諸比丘！以何因緣此善法堂諸天會處，名為善法？諸比丘！其善法堂諸天會處，三十三天王集會坐時，於中唯論微妙細密善語深義，審諦思惟，稱量觀察，皆是世間諸勝要法，真實正理。是以諸天，稱此會處，為善法堂。又何因緣，名波婁沙迦苑波婁沙迦隋言麁澁？諸比丘！麤澁園中，三十三天王入已，坐於賢及善賢二石之上，唯論世間麤澁不善戲謔之語，是故稱為波婁沙迦。又何因緣，名雜色車苑？諸比丘！雜色車園，三十三天王入已，坐於雜色善雜色二石之上，唯論世間種種雜類色相語言。是故稱為雜色車苑；又何因緣，名雜亂苑？諸比丘！此雜亂園，三十三天王，常以月八日十四日十五日於其宮內一切婇女，入此園中，令與三十三天眾合雜嬉戱，不生障隔，恣其歡娛，受天五欲具足功德，遊行受樂。是故諸天共稱此園，為雜亂苑。

> “Monks, why is this Hall of Good Dharma, the assembly place of the gods, called ‘Good Dharma’? Monks, when the thirty-three gods gather and sit together in this Hall of Good Dharma, they only discuss subtle, profound, and excellent teachings. They carefully examine, contemplate, and evaluate these teachings, which are all the supreme and essential principles of the world, true and correct. Therefore, the gods call this assembly place the Hall of Good Dharma. “And why is it called the Park of Roughness?’ Monks, when the thirty-three gods enter the Park of Roughness and sit on the two stones, ‘Noble’ and ‘Good Noble,’ they only discuss rough, unskillful, and playful worldly talk. Therefore, it is called the Park of Roughness. “And why is it called the Park of Multicolored Chariots?’ Monks, when the thirty-three gods enter the Park of Multicolored Chariots and sit on the two stones, ‘Multicolored’ and ‘Good Multicolored,’ they only discuss worldly topics of various kinds and colors. Therefore, it is called the Park of Multicolored Chariots. “And why is it called the Park of Diversion?’ Monks, in this Park of Diversion, the thirty-three gods, on the eighth, fourteenth, and fifteenth days of the month, bring all the celestial maidens from their palaces into this park. They mingle and play together without any barriers, enjoying themselves freely, experiencing the full bliss of the five celestial desires, and roaming in delight. Therefore, the gods call this park the Park of Diversion.”

## 起世經卷第六

> Chapter 6 of the Sūtra of the Arising of the World