---
title: "法界次第初門 · 34 十六行初門"
description: "智顗是隋代天台宗创始人，被尊为智者大师。《法界次第初門》是他系统阐述佛教修行次第的重要著作，成书于隋朝佛教鼎盛时期。该书以清晰层次解析佛法名相与修行阶位，从基础概念到深奥义理，逐步引导学人深入法界实相。内容涵盖三观、十乘等天台核心教义，体现止观并重的修行特色。作为天台宗根本典籍之一，本书对汉传佛教教理体系化影响深远，为后世学佛者提供了系统化的修行指南，在中国佛教史上具有重要地位。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmbdf0ahv01c5jy04p11a3mgg"
---

### 十六行初門第三十四

> Chapter 34: Sixteen Practices: Initial Gate

苦諦下四行　一無常　二苦　三空　四無我

> Under the Truth of Suffering, there are four contemplations: 1. Impermanence 2. Suffering 3. Emptiness 4. Non-self

集諦下四行　一集　二因　三緣　四生

> Under the truth of the origin of suffering, there are four aspects: 1. Accumulation 2. Cause 3. Conditions 4. Arising

滅諦下四行　一盡　二滅　三妙　四離

> Under the truth of the cessation of suffering, there are four aspects: 1. Exhaustion 2. Cessation 3. Excellence 4. Liberation

道諦下四行　一道　二正　三跡　四乘

> Under the Truth of the Path, there are four aspects: 1. The Way 2. Rightness 3. The Trail 4. The Vehicle

次四諦而辯十六行者。還離四諦開為十六行也。但教門既有總別之殊。故諦有離合之異。欲使修觀之者取理無謬。故次於四諦之下。各以四行分別。則審實之義意。乃愈明通。加以行名者。行以往趣為義。修此十六觀法。能趣四實之理。故名行也。或時從理得名。即十六諦也。

苦諦下四行　一無常行者。觀五受陰。因緣生。新新生滅。故無常也。二苦行者。觀五受陰。若無常即是苦。為無常之所逼也。三空行者。觀五受陰。一相異相無故。空即是空。四無我者。觀五受陰中。我我所法不可得。故無相。是為無我行也。

> \*\*The Four Aspects of the Truth of Suffering\*\* 1. \*\*Impermanence\*\*: Observe the five aggregates of attachment. They arise from causes and conditions, and are born and perish moment by moment. Therefore, they are impermanent. 2. \*\*Suffering\*\*: Observe the five aggregates of attachment. If they are impermanent, they are suffering, for they are oppressed by impermanence. 3. \*\*Emptiness\*\*: Observe the five aggregates of attachment. Because no single mark or distinguishing mark exists, they are empty—this is emptiness. 4. \*\*No-Self\*\*: Observe the five aggregates of attachment. Within them, no self or anything belonging to a self can be found. Therefore, they are markless—this is the practice of no-self.

集諦下四行　一集行者。觀煩惱有漏累和合。能招苦果。故名集行。二因行者。觀六因生苦果。故名因行。三緣行者。觀四緣生苦果故名緣行。四生行者。還受後有五陰。故名生行。

> Under the Truth of the Origin of Suffering, there are four aspects: 1. \*\*The Aspect of Accumulation\*\*: Observe that the defilements and attachments—all the tainted mental and physical activities—come together to bring about suffering. This is called the aspect of accumulation. 2. \*\*The Aspect of Cause\*\*: Observe that the six causes give rise to the suffering result. This is called the aspect of cause. 3. \*\*The Aspect of Condition\*\*: Observe that the four conditions bring about the suffering result. This is called the aspect of condition. 4. \*\*The Aspect of Arising\*\*: Observe that one continues to take on a new existence—the five aggregates—in the future. This is called the aspect of arising.

滅諦下四行　一盡行者。觀涅槃種種苦盡故名盡。二滅行者。觀涅槃諸煩惱火滅故名滅。三妙行者。涅槃一切中第一故名妙。四出行者。觀涅槃離世間生死法故。名為出也。

> Under the Truth of Cessation, there are four contemplations: 1. \*\*Exhaustion\*\*: Observing that Nirvana is the end of all suffering, hence called "Exhaustion." 2. \*\*Cessation\*\*: Observing that in Nirvana, the fires of all afflictions are extinguished, hence called "Cessation." 3. \*\*Wonderful\*\*: Observing that Nirvana is supreme among all things, hence called "Wonderful." 4. \*\*Departure\*\*: Observing that Nirvana transcends the worldly cycle of birth and death, hence called "Departure."

道諦下四行　一道行者。觀五不受陰三十七品等道。能通至涅槃。名道。二正行者。觀五不受陰三十七品等道。非顛倒法故名正。三跡行者。觀三十七品等道。是一切聖人去處故名跡。四乘行者。觀三十七品等道。能運行人。必至三解脫。愛見等煩惱不能遮故名乘。