---
title: "成實論 · 31 相應不相應品"
description: "成实论由印度高僧诃梨跋摩所著，鸠摩罗什于姚秦时期译成汉文，是小乘佛教向大乘过渡的重要论典。该论以四谛为核心，系统阐述苦、集、灭、道真谛，批判说一切有部观点，主张人法二空思想。其内容涵盖五蕴分析、业报理论及修行次第，结构严谨，逻辑清晰，被视为部派佛教思想的集大成者。在中国佛教史上，成实论曾形成成实学派，对南北朝佛学发展影响深远，为三论宗等宗派提供了理论基础，是研究早期佛教哲学的重要文献。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmbmc1xvk003wl40465yuesuw"
---

### 相應不相應品第三十一

> Chapter 31: On Compatibility and Incompatibility

論者言：有人說諸使心相應，有說心不相應。

> Some scholars argue that the defilements are associated with the mind, while others claim they are not.

問曰：何因緣故說心相應？何因緣故言不相應？答曰：心相應者，後使品中當說。又貪欲等諸煩惱業，是業諸使相應。汝法中雖說心不相應使，與心相應結纏作因。是事不然。所以者何？經中說：從無明邪念邪思惟等起貪等結。無有經說從使生也。汝法中雖說久習結纏則名為使生。是事不然。所以者何？身口業等亦有久習相，是亦應有似使心不相應行，而實無有。若然者，諸法皆從現在因生，無過去因，然則不應從業生報，亦不應從意生意識也。又此諸使念念滅故，復何因生？

> Question: What is the reason for saying that mental states are associated? And what is the reason for saying they are not associated? Answer: The matter of mental states being associated will be addressed later in the section on defilements. Moreover, afflictions such as greed and desire, along with their corresponding actions, are associated with these defilements. In your doctrine, it is said that defilements not associated with the mind serve as causes for knots and entanglements that are associated with the mind. This is incorrect. Why? The sutras state that greed and other knots arise from ignorance, wrong views, and wrong thoughts. There is no sutra that says they arise from defilements. In your doctrine, it is argued that prolonged habituation to knots and entanglements gives rise to what is called defilements. This is also incorrect. Why? Actions of body and speech also have the characteristic of prolonged habituation; thus, they too should give rise to mental formations not associated with the mind, similar to defilements—but in reality, they do not. If that were the case, all phenomena would arise solely from present causes, without past causes. Then, it would be unreasonable for retribution to arise from actions, or for consciousness to arise from intention. Furthermore, since these defilements cease moment by moment, what cause would give rise to them?

問曰：共相因生。答曰：是亦不然，因果不得一時合故。此事後燈喻中當說。故不應言諸使非心相應。

> Question: Are the afflictions produced in mutual dependence? Answer: That is also not the case, because cause and effect cannot coincide simultaneously. This matter will be explained later with the example of the lamp. Therefore, it should not be said that the afflictions are not associated with the mind.