勘辨
Investigation and Discernment
黃蘗因入厨次，問飯頭：「作什麼？」飯頭云：「揀眾僧米。」黃蘗云：「一日喫多少？」飯頭云：「二石五。」黃蘗云：「莫太多麼？」飯頭云：「猶恐少在。」黃蘗便打。飯頭却舉似師，師云：「我為汝勘這老漢。」纔到侍立次，黃蘗舉前話，師云：「飯頭不會，請和尚代一轉語。」師便問：「莫太多麼？」黃蘗云：「何不道來日更喫一頓？」師云：「說什麼來日？即今便喫。」道了便掌。黃蘗云：「這風顛漢又來這裏捋虎鬚。」師便喝出去。後溈山問仰山：「此二尊宿意作麼生？」仰山云：「和尚作麼生？」溈山云：「養子方知父慈。」仰山云：「不然。」溈山云：「子又作麼生？」仰山云：「大似勾賊破家。」
One day, Huangbo entered the kitchen and asked the rice cook, "What are you doing?"
The rice cook replied, "Picking rice for the monks."
Huangbo asked, "How much do they eat in a day?"
The rice cook said, "Two and a half piculs."
Huangbo said, "Isn't that too much?"
The rice cook said, "I'm afraid it's still too little."
Huangbo hit him.
The rice cook then reported this to the Master, who said, "I'll investigate this old fellow for you."
As soon as he came and was standing in attendance, Huangbo brought up the earlier conversation. The Master said, "The rice cook doesn't understand. Please, Reverend, offer a turning phrase on his behalf."
The Master then asked, "Isn't that too much?"
Huangbo said, "Why not say, 'We'll eat one more meal tomorrow'?"
The Master said, "What tomorrow? Eat right now." Having said this, he slapped him.
Huangbo said, "This crazy lunatic is here pulling the tiger's whiskers again."
The Master shouted and left.
Later, Weishan asked Yangshan, "What was the intent of these two venerable ones?"
Yangshan said, "What do you think, Reverend?"
Weishan said, "Only when you raise a child do you know a father's kindness."
Yangshan said, "Not so."
Weishan said, "Then what do you make of it?"
Yangshan said, "It's like hiring a thief to ransack your own house."
師問僧：「什麼處來？」僧便喝，師便揖坐。僧擬議，師便打。師見僧來便竪起拂子，僧禮拜，師便打。又見僧來，亦竪起拂子，僧不顧，師亦打。
The master asked a monk, "Where have you come from?" The monk immediately gave a shout. The master bowed and gestured for him to sit. As the monk started to ponder, the master hit him.
The master saw a monk approaching and immediately raised his whisk. The monk bowed, and the master hit him.
He saw another monk approaching and also raised his whisk. The monk paid no attention, and the master hit him anyway.
師一日同普化赴施主家齋次。師問：「毛吞巨海、芥納須彌，為是神通妙用？本體如然？」普化踏倒飯床。師云：「太麁生。」普化云：「這裏是什麼所在，說麁、說細？」師來日又同普化赴齋。問：「今日供養何似昨日？」普化依前踏倒飯床。師云：「得即得，太麁生。」普化云：「瞎漢！佛法說什麼麁細？」師乃吐舌。
One day, the Master went with Puhua to a benefactor's house for a meal. The Master asked, "A hair swallows the great ocean, a mustard seed contains Mount Sumeru—is this the wondrous power of supernatural abilities, or is it simply the nature of reality itself?" Puhua kicked over the dining table. The Master said, "How crude." Puhua said, "What kind of place do you think this is, to be talking about crude and fine?" The next day, the Master again went with Puhua to a meal. He asked, "How does today's offering compare to yesterday's?" Puhua again kicked over the dining table, just as before. The Master said, "You've got it, alright—but how crude." Puhua said, "You blind fool! What does the Dharma have to say about crude or fine?" The Master then stuck out his tongue.
師一日與河陽木塔長老同在僧堂地爐內坐，因說：「普化每日在街市掣風掣顛，知他是凡？是聖？」言猶未了，普化入來。師便問：「汝是凡？是聖？」普化云：「汝且道我是凡？是聖？」師便喝。普化以手指云：「河陽新婦子、木塔老婆禪、臨濟小廝兒，却具一隻眼。」師云：「這賊。」普化云：「賊賊。」便出去。
One day, the Master was sitting in the monks' hall by the fire pit with the elder Muo Ta of Heyang. The conversation turned to Puhua, and someone remarked, "Puhua goes around the streets every day acting like a madman. Who knows whether he's an ordinary person or a sage?"
Before the words had even faded, Puhua walked in. The Master asked him, "Are you an ordinary person or a sage?"
Puhua said, "You tell me—am I an ordinary person or a sage?"
The Master gave a shout.
Puhua pointed his finger and said, "Heyang's new bride, Mutta's old-lady Zen, Linji's little brat—each of them has one eye."
The Master said, "You thief!"
Puhua said, "Thief, thief!" And with that, he left.
一日普化在僧堂前喫生菜。師見云：「大似一頭驢。」普化便作驢鳴。師云：「這賊。」普化云：「賊賊。」便出去。
One day, Puhua was eating raw vegetables in front of the monks' hall. The Master saw him and said, "You look just like a donkey." Puhua promptly brayed like a donkey. The Master said, "You thief!" Puhua replied, "Thief, thief!" and walked out.
因普化常於街市搖鈴云：「明頭來明頭打、暗頭來暗頭打，四方八面來旋風打，虛空來連架打。」師令侍者去，纔見如是道，便把住云：「總不與麼來時如何？」普化托開，云：「來日大悲院裏有齋。」侍者回舉似師。師云：「我從來疑著這漢。」
Whenever Puhua was in the marketplace, he would shake his bell and say: "If it comes in the light, I strike in the light. If it comes in the dark, I strike in the dark. If it comes from the four directions and eight faces, I strike like a whirlwind. If it comes from empty space, I strike it to pieces."
The Master sent an attendant to him. As soon as the attendant encountered him speaking this way, he grabbed hold of him and asked, "What about when it doesn't come at all?"
Puhua pushed him away and said, "Tomorrow there's a meal at the Great Compassion Monastery."
The attendant returned and reported this to the Master. The Master said, "I've always had my doubts about that fellow."
有一老宿參師，未曾人事便問：「禮拜即是？不禮拜即是？」師便喝，老宿便禮拜。師云：「好箇草賊。」老宿云：「賊賊。」便出去。師云：「莫道無事好。」首座侍立次，師云：「還有過也無？」首座云：「有。」師云：「賓家有過？主家有過？」首座云：「二俱有過。」師云：「過在什麼處？」首座便出去。師云：「莫道無事好。」後有僧舉似南泉。南泉云：「官馬相踏。」
師因入軍營赴齋，門首見員僚，師指露柱問：「是凡？是聖？」員僚無語。師打露柱，云：「直饒道得，也秖是箇木橛。」便入去。
師問院主：「什麼處來？」主云：「州中糶黃米去來。」師云：「糶得盡麼？」主云：「糶得盡。」師以杖面前畫一畫，云：「還糶得這箇麼？」主便喝，師便打。典座至，師舉前語。典座云：「院主不會和尚意。」師云：「爾作麼生？」典座便禮拜，師亦打。有座主來相看次，師問座主：「講何經說？」主云：「某甲荒虛粗習《百法論》。」師云：「有一人於三乘十二分教明得、有一人於三乘十二分教明不得，是同？是別？」主云：「明得即同，明不得即別。」樂普為侍者，在師後立，云：「座主這裏是什麼所在？說同？說別？」師回首問侍者：「汝又作麼生？」侍者便喝。師送座主，回來遂問侍者：「適來是汝喝老僧？」侍者云：「是。」師便打。
師聞第二代德山垂示云：「道得也三十棒，道不得也三十棒。」師令樂普去問：「道得為什麼也三十棒？待伊打汝，接住棒送一送，看他作麼生？」普到彼如教而問，德山便打，普接住送一送，德山便歸方丈。普回舉似師，師云：「我從來疑著這漢，雖然如是，汝還見德山麼？」普擬議，師便打。
王常侍一日訪師，同師於僧堂前看，乃問：「這一堂僧還看經麼？」師云：「不看經。」侍云：「還學禪麼？」師云：「不學禪。」侍云：「經又不看、禪又不學，畢竟作箇什麼？」師云：「總教伊成佛作祖去。」侍云：「金屑雖貴，落眼成翳，又作麼生？」師云：「將為爾是箇俗漢。」
師問杏山：「如何是露地白牛？」山云：「吽吽。」師云：「啞那。」山云：「長老作麼生？」師云：「這畜生。」
師問樂普云：「從上來，一人行棒、一人行喝，阿那箇親？」普云：「總不親。」師云：「親處作麼生？」普便喝，師乃打。
師見僧來，展開兩手，僧無語，師云：「會麼？」云：「不會。」師云：「渾崙擘不開，與爾兩文錢。」
大覺到參，師舉起拂子，大覺敷坐具。師擲下拂子，大覺收坐具入僧堂。眾僧云：「這僧莫是和尚親故？不禮拜，又不喫棒。」師聞，令喚覺，覺出，師云：「大眾道汝未參長老。」覺云：「不審。」便自歸眾。
趙州行脚時參師，遇師洗脚次，州便問：「如何是祖師西來意？」師云：「恰值老僧洗脚。」州近前作聽勢，師云：「更要第二杓惡水潑在。」州便下去。
有定上座到參，問：「如何是佛法大意？」師下繩床，擒住與一掌便托開，定佇立。傍僧云：「定上座何不禮拜？」定方禮拜，忽然大悟。
麻谷到參，敷坐具，問：「十二面觀音，阿那面正？」師下繩床，一手收坐具，一手搊麻谷，云：「十二面觀音，向什麼處去也？」麻谷轉身擬坐繩床，師拈拄杖打，麻谷接却，相捉入方丈。
師問僧：「有時一喝如金剛王寶劍、有時一喝如踞地金毛師子、有時一喝如探竿影草、有時一喝不作一喝用，汝作麼生會？」僧擬議，師便喝。
師問一尼：「善來？惡來？」尼便喝，師拈棒，云：「更道，更道。」尼又喝，師便打。
龍牙問：「如何是祖師西來意？」師云：「與我過禪板來。」牙便過禪板與師，師接得便打。牙云：「打即任打，要且無祖師意。」牙後到翠微問：「如何是祖師西來意？」微云：「與我過蒲團來。」牙便過蒲團與翠微，翠微接得便打。牙云：「打即任打，要且無祖師意。」牙住院，後有僧入室請益，云：「和尚行脚時參二尊宿因緣，還肯他也無？」牙云：「肯即深肯，要且無祖師意。」
徑山有五百眾，少人參請，黃蘗令師到徑山，乃謂師曰：「汝到彼作麼生？」師云：「某甲到彼自有方便。」師到徑山，裝腰上法堂見徑山。徑山方舉頭，師便喝。徑山擬開口，師拂袖便行。尋有僧問徑山：「這僧適來有什麼言句便喝和尚？」徑山云：「這僧從黃蘗會裏來，爾要知麼？且問取他。」徑山五百眾太半分散。
普化一日於街市中就人乞直裰，人皆與之，普化俱不要。師令院主買棺一具，普化歸來，師云：「我與汝做得箇直裰了也。」普化便自擔去，繞街市叫云：「臨濟與我做直裰了也，我往東門遷化去。」市人競隨看之。普化云：「我今日未，來日往南門遷化去。」如是三日，人皆不信，至第四日無人隨看，獨出城外，自入棺內，倩路行人釘之，即時傳布，市人競往開棺，乃見全身脫去，秖聞空中鈴響隱隱而去。