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  1. Heart Sutra (般若心經彙纂)
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Heart Sutra (般若心經彙纂)

About 般若心經彙纂

Qing · by 孫念劬纂

14,696 · about 49 min

The *Compiled Commentary on the Heart Sutra* is a compilation of annotations and commentaries on the core Buddhist scripture, the *Heart Sutra of Prajñāpāramitā*, compiled by the Qing dynasty scholar Sun Nianqu. This work emerged during the flourishing era of textual criticism in the Qing dynasty, where the author, Sun Nianqu, extensively gathered authoritative commentaries on the *Heart Sutra* from eminent monks and masters throughout history, systematically organizing and elucidating them. Its main content delves deeply into the core concepts of the *Heart Sutra*, such as the emptiness of the five aggregates and the non-duality of form and emptiness, reflecting the Prajñā view of emptiness. The book aims to help practitioners thoroughly understand the wisdom of Prajñā. It holds an important place among Buddhist texts and is regarded as an authoritative supplementary resource for studying the *Heart Sutra*. It provides a clear path for later scholars to comprehend the teachings of Prajñā, exerting a profound influence on the study and dissemination of Buddhist philosophy.


原起
賢首以此經為釋迦牟尼佛說。尋珠云:此觀自在菩薩所說也。施護本云:世尊在靈鷲山中,入甚深光明,宣說正法三摩提竟。舍利子白觀自在菩薩言:若有人欲修學甚深般若法門者,當云何修學?而觀自在菩薩遂說此經。此經乃世尊所說大部般若之精要。故知菩薩之說,即世尊之語也。觀自在,即觀世音。昔已成佛,號正法明。退居等覺,輔佛行化。於深般若,久已修行。將說心要經文,先敘其自行,以表說之不虗。
心經至東土,凡經五譯:第一、後秦鳩摩羅什譯,名摩訶般若波羅蜜大明呪經(字句與玄奘本多寡稍有不同);二、唐玄奘譯,名般若波羅蜜多心經,即今所流通者(共五十四句,二百六十八字,五譯獨此流傳);三、唐利言譯,名與奘師同;四、宋法月譯,名普遍智藏般若波羅蜜經;五、宋施護譯,名佛說聖佛母般若波羅蜜多經。藏本惟秦與玄奘二譯,餘譯不載(五譯惟奘譯流通者:一、順古,以文義尤善,古來皆崇此本故;二、從用,奘師往回西域,惟憑此本遣魔障故。神僧傳云:奘師西行至罽賓國,道險不可過,遇一老僧,口授此經,令奘誦之,遂得山川平易,道路開通,虎豹藏形,魔鬼潛跡,得至佛國,取經而歸(慈恩傳與此少異))。
經有五義:一釋名,二辨體,三明宗,四論用,五判教相。夫法有名,名必詮體。顯體由宗,宗成有用。判以教相,則區以別矣。今題以法喻為名,實相為體,觀照為宗,度苦為用,大乘為教相,五者皆經中之旨。般若波羅蜜多是法,心字是喻。此經是般若中統要之妙義,喻人心藏為主要統極之本。實相,即諸法空相也。觀照,即照見五蘊皆空也。度苦,即度一切苦厄也。大乘,即菩薩所行深般若也。
諸經題不出人、喻、法三。單人,則佛說阿彌陀經等。單法,則大般若涅槃經等。單喻,則梵網經等。人、法兼,則文殊問般若經等。法、喻兼,妙法蓮華經等。人、喻兼,則如來獅子吼經等。人、法、喻三,則大方廣佛華嚴經等是也(見義句詮)。
實相般若,是萬行指歸,諸佛正印,故以為體。諸法空相,即實相也。照五蘊空,是觀照般若,非照則實相不顯,故以為宗。觀照是因,度苦是果,度苦是般若之力用,故以為用。
四教:藏、通、別、圓。此經捨藏,具通、別、圓三教,而文意在圓,不妨帶麤顯妙,故指蘊、界、處、入等,皆即實相。辨教是約法,大乘似約人說。葢此法乃菩薩所行,三世佛所依,故云大乘耳。

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CBETA Code: X0566

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