攝大乘論本卷上
Compendium of the Great Vehicle, Volume 1
無著菩薩造
Composed by Bodhisattva Asanga
三藏法師玄奘奉 詔譯
Tripitaka Master Xuanzang's Imperial Translation
總摽綱要分第一
Chapter 1: General Outline
阿毘達磨大乘經中，薄伽梵前，已能善入大乘菩薩，為顯大乘體大故說。謂依大乘，諸佛世尊有十相殊勝殊勝語：一者、所知依殊勝殊勝語；二者、所知相殊勝殊勝語；三者、入所知相殊勝殊勝語；四者、彼入因果殊勝殊勝語；五者、彼因果修差別殊勝殊勝語；六者、即於如是修差別中增上戒殊勝殊勝語；七者、即於此中增上心殊勝殊勝語；八者、即於此中增上慧殊勝殊勝語；九者、彼果斷殊勝殊勝語；十者、彼果智殊勝殊勝語。由此所說諸佛世尊契經諸句，顯於大乘真是佛語。
In the *Abhidharma Mahāyāna Sūtra*, before the Blessed One, the bodhisattvas who had already skillfully entered the Mahāyāna spoke in order to reveal the greatness of the Mahāyāna’s essence. According to the Mahāyāna, the Bhagavān Buddhas have ten special and sublime statements:
1. The special and sublime statement on the basis of what is known. 2. The special and sublime statement on the characteristics of what is known. 3. The special and sublime statement on entering the characteristics of what is known. 4. The special and sublime statement on the causes and results of that entry. 5. The special and sublime statement on the distinctions in the cultivation of those causes and results. 6. The special and sublime statement on the heightened ethical conduct within that cultivation. 7. The special and sublime statement on the heightened mind within that cultivation. 8. The special and sublime statement on the heightened wisdom within that cultivation. 9. The special and sublime statement on the abandonment that is the fruit of that cultivation. 10. The special and sublime statement on the wisdom that is the fruit of that cultivation.
Through these statements found in the sūtras of the Buddhas, it is shown that the Mahāyāna is truly the word of the Buddha.
復次，云何能顯？由此所說十處，於聲聞乘曾不見說，唯大乘中處處見說，謂阿賴耶識，說名所知依體。三種自性：一、依他起自性，二、遍計所執自性，三、圓成實自性，說名所知相體。唯識性，說名入所知相體。六波羅蜜多，說名彼入因果體。菩薩十地，說名彼因果修差別體。菩薩律儀，說名此中增上戒體。首楞伽摩，虛空藏等諸三摩地，說名此中增上心體。無分別智，說名此中增上慧體。無住涅槃，說名彼果斷體。三種佛身：一、自性身，二、受用身，三、變化身，說名彼果智體。由此所說十處，顯於大乘異聲聞乘；又顯最勝，世尊但為菩薩宣說。是故應知但依大乘，諸佛世尊有十相殊勝殊勝語。
Furthermore, how is this revealed? Through the ten categories now explained, which were never taught in the Hearers’ Vehicle but are found everywhere in the Great Vehicle:
1. The “Storehouse Consciousness” (Alaya Consciousness) is explained as the foundation of what is known. 2. The three inherent natures—the “dependent nature,” the “imputed nature,” and the “perfect nature”—are explained as the characteristics of what is known. 3. Consciousness-only itself is explained as the entrance to these characteristics. 4. The Six Perfections are explained as the cause and result of this entrance. 5. The ten stages of a Bodhisattva are explained as the progressive cultivation of cause and result. 6. The Bodhisattva precepts are explained as the higher ethical discipline in this context. 7. Meditative states such as the “Heroic March” and “Space Treasury” are explained as the higher mind in this context. 8. Non-dual wisdom is explained as the higher insight in this context. 9. The “Abode of No Abiding” nirvana is explained as the result of abandoning attachment. 10. The three bodies of a Buddha—the “Essence Body,” the “Enjoyment Body,” and the “Transformation Body”—are explained as the result of wisdom.
These ten categories reveal how the Great Vehicle differs from the Hearers’ Vehicle and show its supreme nature. For the World-Honored One taught them only to Bodhisattvas. Therefore, know that it is solely based on the Great Vehicle that all Buddhas and World-Honored Ones speak these ten supreme topics with their supreme words.
復次，云何由此十相殊勝殊勝如來語故，顯於大乘真是佛語，遮聲聞乘是大乘性？由此十處於聲聞乘曾不見說，唯大乘中處處見說。謂此十處，是最能引大菩提性；是善成立；隨順無違；為能證得一切智智。
Furthermore, how do these ten distinguished features prove that the Tathagata's words in the Mahayana are truly the Buddha's own teachings, and that the Shravakayana is *not* the Mahayana in nature? Because these ten points are never mentioned in the Shravakayana, but are found repeatedly in the Mahayana scriptures. Specifically, these ten teachings are the ones that most powerfully lead to great enlightenment; they are well-established, consistent, and non-contradictory; and they are the means to realize omniscient wisdom.
此中二頌：
「所知依及所知相， 彼入因果，彼修異，
三學，彼果斷及智， 最上乘攝是殊勝。
此說此餘見不見， 由此最勝菩提因，
故許大乘真佛語， 由說十處故殊勝。」
復次，云何如是次第說此十處？謂諸菩薩於諸法因要先善已，方於緣起應得善巧。次後於緣所生諸法，應善其相，善能遠離增益損減二邊過故。次後如是善修菩薩應正通達，善所取相，令從諸障心得解脫。次後通達所知相已，先加行位六波羅蜜多，由證得故應更成滿，增上意樂得清淨故。次後清淨意樂所攝六波羅蜜多，於十地中分分差別，應勤修習；謂要經三無數大劫。次後於三菩薩所學，應令圓滿。既圓滿已，彼果涅槃及與無上正等菩提，應現等證。故說十處如是次第。又此說中一切大乘皆得究竟。