福蓋正行所集經卷第九
Scroll of Collected Sutras on Meritorious Cover and Right Conduct, Volume 9
龍樹菩薩集
Collection of Bodhisattva Nāgārjuna
西天譯經三藏朝散大夫試鴻臚卿宣梵大師賜紫沙門臣日稱等奉 詔譯
Translated by the Tripitaka Master from the Western Regions, the Court Gentleman of the Court of Sacrifices, the Grand Master of the Imperial Banquets, the Master of Xuanfan, the Purple-Robe Monk Chen, and others, by imperial decree.
若於佛等最勝福田專修施行，定獲其報。如是乃至現見世間王者之貴尊崇無比，首戴寶冠諸珍間錯，耳環臂釧金璧交瑩，容儀鮮白具相端嚴，珠瓔寶鬘以飾其服。所居宮殿高廣宏麗，重樓戶牖盡諸奇巧，眾色繒帛遍張露幔。瑞獸師子、俱枳羅鳥置之籠檻，以為玩好。城墉峻峙、力士環衛，象馬車乘往來合沓。所居民庶安隱豐樂，無有諍訟、剽竊、逋竄種種嬈惱怖畏等事。處處皆有妙娑羅樹、多摩羅樹、占博迦樹、無憂樹等，枝葉花果茂盛可愛。王所欲至，於四衢道屏去塵穢、瓦礫荊棘，以眾香水泛灑其地，百千伎樂、簫笛箜篌、擊皷吹貝導從前後。王乘龍象威德特尊、最上無垢，牛頭旃檀磨以塗體，其香遠聞。被服絳綃如日初出，右手執持殊妙白拂，吠琉璃寶以為其柄。張妙繖蓋，黃金為幹，種種寶物裝治華煥。時彼城中一切人民，歡喜合掌同音稱讚，散眾名花遍布于地。有諸士族或裁巧思，作為詠歌紀揚德化，王聞是已倍增悅豫。如是勝報，由施所得。此說是名於勝福田，專修施行成就福蓋。
If you make offerings to the supreme field of merit—the Buddhas—you will certainly receive their rewards. For example, in this world, we see the supreme nobility and incomparable honor of a king. He wears a jeweled crown adorned with various precious gems, earrings and bracelets shimmering with gold and jade. His countenance is fair and dignified, and his robes are decorated with pearl necklaces and jeweled garlands. The palace he dwells in is lofty, vast, and magnificent, with multi-storied towers and doors and windows all exquisitely crafted. Canopies of multicolored silk are spread everywhere. Exotic animals such as auspicious lions and *kokila* birds are kept in cages for his amusement. The city walls stand tall and steep, guarded by powerful warriors. Elephants, horses, chariots, and carriages move back and forth in great numbers. The people who live there are peaceful, prosperous, and joyful, free from disputes, theft, escape, and all kinds of disturbances, fears, and troubles. Everywhere, there are beautiful *sala* trees, *tamāla* trees, *campaka* trees, and *aśoka* trees, with lush branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits delightful to behold. Wherever the king wishes to go, on the four main roads, all dust, filth, gravel, and thorns are removed. The ground is sprinkled with various fragrant waters, and hundreds of thousands of musicians—with flutes, *vīṇā* lutes, drums, and conch shells—lead and follow his procession. The king rides a majestic elephant, his virtue and dignity supreme and unparalleled, pure and spotless. His body is anointed with sandalwood from the *gośīrṣa* region, and its fragrance spreads far and wide. He wears a crimson robe, shining like the rising sun. In his right hand, he holds a magnificent white fly-whisk, its handle made of *vaidūrya* gem. He is shaded by a splendid umbrella with a golden handle, adorned with countless dazzling jewels. At that time, all the people in the city, with joy and folded hands, praise him in unison, scattering various rare flowers upon the ground. Some nobles, using their artistic skill, compose songs to celebrate his virtuous influence. Hearing this, the king becomes even more delighted. Such supreme rewards are obtained through giving. This illustrates that, by diligently making offerings to the supreme field of merit, one perfects the canopy of blessings.
云何布施令諸有情一向獲得世間富樂，受用殊妙五欲境界？應當了知，如是施業不唯招致廣大富樂，乃至無上智因亦能成就。當知此施為堅固藏，不為水火盜賊所壞。當知此施是最勝友，此生他世常為其伴。當知此施如好種子，於一切時得如意果。當知此施如妙階梯，能陞天中受諸快樂。當知此施猶如燈明，能破餓鬼慳悋黑暗，於惡趣中能為濟拔，於險難處能為救護，越生死海能到彼岸。若諸眾生如是知已，數數發起清淨作意，勤行布施相續不斷，於諸所有心無悋惜亦不枉費，深生覺悟此等皆為不堅之物，畢竟樂脩清淨施業。由是之故，美名遐布、見者忻慕，常得善人依止共住，處大眾中心無怯弱，善住威儀，讚施功德能招富足、免離惡道、得生天上、趣解脫城，令他信解離慳垢穢。當知此人是大菩薩、是善知識、是大丈夫，能長有情真實善根，一切眾生應當往詣，親近供養、樂聞正法、如理修作，求出離道。
How does generosity bring worldly wealth and happiness to beings, allowing them to enjoy wonderful sensual pleasures? You should understand that the act of giving does not only bring great riches and joy—it also becomes the cause for achieving supreme wisdom.
Know that this giving is an indestructible treasure, which cannot be ruined by fire, water, or thieves. Know that giving is the best companion, one that stays with you through this life and the next. Know that giving is like a fine seed, producing the desired fruit at all times. Know that giving is like a wonderful staircase, leading to the bliss of heavenly realms. Know that giving is like a lamp, dispelling the darkness of greed and stinginess among the hungry ghosts, rescuing beings from the lower realms, providing protection in times of danger, and enabling one to cross the ocean of birth and death to reach the other shore.
Once beings understand this, they repeatedly generate pure intentions, practice giving diligently without interruption, and cherish nothing with reluctance or wastefulness. They deeply realize that all possessions are impermanent, and thus focus their efforts on cultivating pure acts of giving.
As a result, their good reputation spreads far and wide, inspiring admiration in all who see them. They always rely on and live with virtuous people, feel no fear in gatherings, and maintain excellent composure. They praise the merits of giving—how it brings abundance, prevents birth in the lower realms, leads to heavenly rebirth, and opens the path to liberation—and inspire others to believe and let go of the stain of stinginess.
Know that such a person is a great bodhisattva, a true spiritual teacher, and a noble being. They nurture the genuine virtuous roots of all living beings. All beings should go to such a person, draw near, make offerings, delight in hearing the true Dharma, practice accordingly, and seek the path to liberation.
如上所說，若於佛等專修施行定獲其報。設使不遇一佛菩薩，而能任持如是施心，所感之報如前不異。是故世尊方便顯示，令諸眾生次第行學。
爾時世尊遊化依止在王舍城迦蘭陀竹林。時尊者大目乾連作是思惟：「今者世尊與諸聲聞大弟子眾住此林中，當須建立清淨僧坊。」作是念已，詣帝釋所，白言：「天主！敢募仁者，於王舍城迦蘭陀竹林，為佛世尊造立精舍，并諸弟子大阿羅漢同此安居。」時天帝釋聞是說已，心大歡喜，唯然受教。即以無數金銀珍寶、帝青摩尼、吠琉璃等，造作重門、廊廡戶牖、宮殿樓閣。珊瑚為柱，種種寶物而裝校之。復以眾寶刻諸珍禽，懸處空中勢如翔舉。無數寶鏡周匝垂挂，瑩徹無垢燦若星月。種種天衣光潔柔軟，黃金為架以敷其上。金剛寶鬘、真珠花鬘雜廁行列以為莊嚴。燒眾名香氛氳散徹，燃種種燈晝夜明照。如是供養，世所未有。於其園中，處處皆植龍自在花、占博迦花、隅嚕摩花、拘吒波花、無憂樹花，周遍開敷甚可愛樂。於花林中有珊瑚亭，門闥牕檻剞劂奇巧，皆以眾寶裝校嚴飾。微風吹花，香聞遠邇。有諸天女遊止其中，上妙珍琦以為瓔珞，獸銜珠𬽳其鳴珊珊。林中復有諸藥叉女，形容端肅，競共馳觀，髻遺寶花迭相嬉笑。復有廣大清淨池沼，眾寶合成，香水彌滿。池中復有大寶蓮花，白銀為葉、黃金為莖，諸妙天女住立其中，動容作樂獻妙歌舞。復有無數金色蓮花、優鉢羅花、拘沒那花、迦訶羅花，照耀芬敷香氣薰洽。有諸水鳥、鸂𪄪鳧鴈，翔集花塢整其羽翰。有諸戲魚往來游泳，觸花翻浪驚諸鷗鴨。周匝皆以金銀玻𭹳及諸珍寶而為階陛，池岸復有劫波樹林，修條拂水、密葉交蔭，諸妙花蘤相間開發。無數百千士族人民富樂莊嚴，作眾伎樂，往返觀賞無有障礙。
時彼天主為佛世尊造立精舍，彌月方畢，營辦所須令無闕乏，種種庫藏悉皆充溢。前詣佛所而作是言：「此地吉祥、廣博嚴淨，與歡喜園正等無異。唯願如來屆此安居。」佛愍彼故即為受之。復以百千最勝龍象奉施如來，及以百千殊妙天女持蓋執拂、扇搖涼風，以為承事諸大弟子。復以百千乾闥婆眾奏妙音樂而為供養。
At that time, the Heavenly King built a monastery for the World-Honored One, the Buddha. It took a full month to complete, and he prepared everything needed so that nothing was lacking—every kind of storehouse was filled to overflowing. He then went before the Buddha and said, "This land is auspicious, vast in extent, pure and majestic, no different from the Garden of Joy. I only wish that the Thus-Come One would reside here during the rains retreat." Out of compassion, the Buddha accepted his offering. Then the Heavenly King presented to the Buddha hundreds of thousands of finest celestial elephants, as well as countless exquisite heavenly maidens holding canopies and whisks, fanning cool breezes, to serve him and his great disciples. He also offered hundreds of thousands of celestial musicians playing exquisite melodies as a form of homage.
時王舍城有一長者，其家巨富財寶無量，比多聞天王猶以為勝。然彼長者深著邪見，信受外道尼乾子法。見是事已，心懷疑惑。是時尊者大目乾連知彼機熟，即往化導，為說法要，讚佛功德。彼聞法已，心生悟解，白尊者言：「我今發心歸依如來，欲往親近恭敬供養。」即與尊者同詣佛所，頭面禮足，住立一面。尊者白佛：「此大長者，捨邪歸正，始發信心，今欲供養佛及眾僧。唯願大慈，受彼勤請。」佛知是已，默然許之。時彼長者知佛受請，心大歡喜，匍匐而還。即以無數種種珍寶、上妙繒綺嚴飾其居，門樓堂閣皆令新淨，造作精妙百品飲食。成辦既畢，即遣使者前白世尊：「食時將至，唯冀大慈受我微供。」爾時世尊從僧坊出，威德自在、相好端嚴，身放光明如日赫奕，將諸弟子大阿羅漢，諸根寂靜、心得自在、進止詳雅，來詣其舍。復有百千天子天女，身意泰然、離諸散亂，旃檀塗身，恭敬圍繞。有諸人民見是事已，怪未曾有，來白長者。復有百千清信士女，心生歡慶，彈指作禮，各持最上堅黑旃檀然以供養，所燒之香過百千斛。復奏無量上妙音樂，清婉嘹喨聲震于地。時彼長者以諸幡蓋次第安布，遍張露幔珠瓔莊嚴，燒大寶香，躬往迎奉。長者所有內外親族，各齎名花滿掬而散。時佛世尊詣彼宅已，於堂中央為佛設座，上妙繒纊重敷柔軟，雜綵茵褥遍布于地。寶幢行列珠網四垂，懸諸妙幡眾色綷錯，百千寶鈴鋪綴其上，微風動搖聲韻和雅，真珠花鬘遍垂寶幔。塗香末香、澡瓶淨水排備畢已，命佛陞座，即以新好上妙白㲲裁所著衣，跪以奉佛。然後上首大阿羅漢，及彼新學諸比丘等，入其堂中次第而坐，以諸飲食味中上味施佛及僧，皆悉充足，食已各各收鉢淨手。時彼長者合十指掌瞻仰尊顏，以偈讚曰：
At that time, in the city of Rājagṛha, there was a wealthy elder whose house was immeasurably rich in treasures and wealth, surpassing even the god Vaiśravaṇa. However, this elder was deeply attached to wrong views, believing in and following the teachings of the heretical Nirgrantha. Upon seeing this, he was filled with doubt. The venerable Maudgalyāyana, knowing that his opportunity for awakening had ripened, went to guide him, expounding the essential Dharma and praising the virtues of the Buddha. After hearing the teaching, the elder’s mind awakened to understanding. He said to the venerable one, “I now resolve to take refuge in the Tathāgata and wish to go to him to pay homage, respect, and make offerings.” So he went with the venerable one to the Buddha’s presence, prostrated himself, touching his head to the Buddha’s feet, and then stood to one side.
The venerable one said to the Buddha, “This great elder has abandoned wrong views and turned to the right, beginning to arouse faith. He now wishes to make offerings to the Buddha and the Saṅgha. I pray that the Great Compassionate One would accept his earnest invitation.” The Buddha, aware of this, silently consented.
Knowing that the Buddha had accepted his invitation, the elder was filled with great joy and returned home in reverence. He then adorned his dwelling with countless precious treasures and finest silks, making the gates, towers, halls, and chambers fresh, clean, and splendid. He prepared a hundred exquisite varieties of food and drink. When everything was ready, he sent a messenger to announce to the World-Honored One, “The meal time is approaching. I only hope that the Great Compassionate One will accept my humble offering.”
Then the World-Honored One emerged from the monastic dwelling, majestic and self-possessed, with radiant and perfect marks. His body emitted light, brilliant as the sun. Accompanied by his disciples, the great Arhats—who had calmed their faculties, attained freedom of mind, and moved with grace and composure—he approached the elder’s home. Also present were hundreds of thousands of heavenly sons and daughters, calm in body and mind, free from distraction, their bodies anointed with sandalwood, respectfully surrounding him. When the people saw this, they marveled at what had never before been seen and came to inform the elder.
Additionally, hundreds of thousands of faithful laymen and women, their minds filled with joy, snapped their fingers in homage and each offered the finest, hardest black sandalwood as an offering. The incense they burned filled more than a hundred thousand boxes. They also played countless wonderful melodies, clear, beautiful, and resonant, shaking the earth. At that time, the elder arranged banners and canopies in orderly rows and set up open canopies decorated with pearl garlands. He burned precious incense and went personally to welcome the Buddha.
All of the elder’s relatives, inside and outside the family, each brought handfuls of famous flowers and scattered them. When the World-Honored One arrived at the elder’s house, a seat was prepared for the Buddha in the center of the hall, spread with fine, soft cotton padding and covered with multicolored mats and carpets. Jeweled banners stood in rows, a net of pearls hung down on all sides, and wonderful canopies of many brilliant colors were suspended. Hundreds of thousands of jeweled bells were attached, moving gently in the breeze with harmonious, elegant sounds. Strings of pearls and flower garlands hung everywhere from the jeweled canopies. Incense powders, fragrant ointments, bathing bottles, and pure water were all arranged and prepared. Then, inviting the Buddha to ascend the throne, the elder took a fine, new, white cotton cloth, cut it into a robe, and knelt to offer it to the Buddha.
Afterward, the foremost great Arhats and the newly ordained monks entered the hall and sat down in due order. The elder then presented them with the finest of all foods and drinks, offering them to the Buddha and the Saṅgha, satisfying them completely. After the meal, each collected their bowl and cleansed their hands. Then the elder, with palms joined respectfully, gazed up at the Buddha’s countenance and praised him with a verse.
「如來具足殊勝相， 隨形妙好遍嚴身，
首髮修緻不雜亂， 光澤紺青如蜂王。
如來額廣復平正， 亦無缺減極堅固，
眉間白毫常右旋， 如秋滿月光照耀。
如來兩目極清淨， 睫若牛王不瞬動，
修廣妙好常照明， 如俱那花可愛樂。
如來具足四十齒， 潔白齊密如珂雪，
廣長舌相妙難思， 鉢羅奢花紅可類。
如來復有鼻功德， 高聳端直竅不現，
脣不褰縮不下垂， 鮮潤猶若頻婆果。
如是大僊面圓滿， 耳輪柔軟相稱可，
譬如開敷妙蓮花， 離諸垢染觀無厭。
如來身相如金聚， 堅固充實無與等，
膚色猶若占蔔花， 亦不羸瘦現筋脈。
雙臂𦟛圓極潤澤， 掌紋顯現眾形像，
具足輪印轂輻輞， 寶幢寶瓶及魚等。
胸廣猶如師子臆， 喜旋德相畫分明，
腹量平滿稱其身， 臍深右旋中圓淨。
雙腨猶如仙鹿王， 行無迴顧身俱轉，
右足先舉現印文， 安徐無畏如師子。
如來出現於世間， 如日騰空普明照，
能與眾生作吉祥， 天及非天咸信禮。」
於是長者偈讚佛已，心大歡喜、信力堅固，於大眾中重說偈言：
「牟尼十力尊， 能破諸魔網，
永離煩惱垢， 諸根常寂靜。
最上勝族類， 日親甘蔗種，
勇猛大精進， 覺悟諸過失。
無畏釋師子， 具足諸功德，
成就微妙法， 為眾生開示。
於三界苦海， 輪迴諸險難，
以戒為根本， 畢竟能超越。
由持淨戒故， 調伏於自心，
善屈眾魔怨， 應受妙供養。
具大智大悲， 不捨本誓願，
憐愍諸有情， 咸令離憂苦。
最勝調御師， 三界無倫匹，
善拔眾毒箭， 斷三有纏縛。
顯現大神通， 能摧諸異見，
開示八聖道， 令修諸梵行。
是名大商主， 能作大施會，
是名大智者， 為作世間眼，
是名大丈夫， 速能遠諸惡，
截生死瀑流， 得至安隱處。
世尊大導師， 喬答摩勝族，
具相身金色， 見者無厭足。
調御諸眾生， 入解於正教，
永離諸不善， 清淨心無垢。
如雲住虛空， 注甘露法味，
令一切有情， 滋善根種子。
如來大聖尊， 及諸比丘眾，
住最上安隱， 能到於彼岸。」
福蓋正行所集經卷第九