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  1. Preamble (緒言)
  1. A Brief Question and Answer Outline on the Precept Against Stealing (盜戒釋相概略問答)
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A Brief Question and Answer Outline on the Precept Against Stealing (盜戒釋相概略問答)

About 盜戒釋相概略問答

Republic of China · by 弘一撰

3,534 · about 12 min

Master Hongyi's "Brief Questions and Answers on the Interpretation of the Precept Against Stealing," written during the Republican period, is an important text of the Buddhist Vinaya school. This work employs a question-and-answer format to deeply analyze the subtle characteristics and criteria for determining violations of the precept against stealing within Buddhist monastic discipline. Its purpose is to clarify doubts regarding precept observance and to guide cultivation practice. The content systematically elucidates key issues such as the conditions for transgressing the precept against stealing, its allowances and prohibitions, and the gravity of offenses. It reflects Master Hongyi's rigorous spirit in propagating Vinaya studies. This treatise holds authoritative status within the Chinese Buddhist Vinaya system, providing essential guidance for both monastics and lay practitioners in upholding the precepts. It is an indispensable reference for the study of Buddhist ethical thought.


盜戒釋相概略問答

Summary of the Precept Against Stealing: Questions and Answers

釋弘一

Master Hongyi

緒言

Introduction

問:以何因故編輯是卷耶?

Question: Why was this volume compiled?

答:昔嘗發願編輯《南山律在家備覽》,以卷帙繁重,未可急就。故先擷取盜戒戒相少分,輯為《問答》一卷,別以流通。
問:何故先輯此盜戒耶?

Question: Why is the precept against stealing addressed first?

答:道俗諸戒中,以盜戒戒相最為繁密。《僧祇律》釋盜戒文有五卷,《十誦律》四卷,《善見律》三卷,南山、靈芝諸撰述中述盜戒者亦有三卷。盜戒戒相既如是繁密,若欲護持,大非易事!《南山律》中頗多警誥之文,今略引之。《行事鈔》云:「性重之中,盜是難護。故諸部明述,餘戒約略總述而已,及論此戒各並三卷、五卷述之。必善加披括,方能免患。」又云:「盜戒相隱,極難分了。有心懷道者,細讀附事,深思乃知。」《戒本疏》云:「此戒人多潛犯,不謂重罪,但是粗心。」故《善見》(律名)云:「此第二戒事相難解,不得不曲碎解釋。其義理分別,汝當善思。論文如此,臨事可不勉耶!」聖教明文,諄切若是。故先輯此戒相,亟為流通。俾未受者應知慎重,必須預習通利乃可受持。(受盜戒後,一剎那頃,若有犯者,即結重罪。不以其未及學習,而加曲諒。故須預學也。)已受者,急宜細讀深思,勉力護持,未可潛犯。
問:古德亦有專輯盜戒,別以流通耶?
答:有之。南山云:「有人別標此盜,用入私鈔。抑亦勸誡之意。」惜此私鈔久已佚失不傳耳。
問:今輯是卷,依何典籍為宗耶?
答:專宗南山《行事鈔》及靈芝《資持記》,並參用南山《戒本疏》及靈芝《行宗記》。南山《鈔》與《疏》有互異者,今且專據《鈔》文。
問:今輯是卷,何以僅及概略未能詳盡耶?
答:今為初機,且舉少分,粗示其概,以為著手研習之初階。若詳明戒相,廣引文證,紙數當什餘倍此,將來別輯《南山律在家備覽》,廣明其義,學者幸進而披尋焉。
問:下文所云,掌理三寶物等,應唯屬於道眾。今輯是卷,既專被在家,云何復列是等諸緣耶?
答:近今在家居士,亦有暫管護寺院者,又有任寺中會計、庶務諸職者。故應列入,以資參考。
問:南山律義,雖云分通大乘,然教限正屬小乘。若依小教,受五、八戒者,固應奉此行持;若別受菩薩戒者,或可不拘是限耶?
答:唐賢首《梵網戒疏》釋初篇盜戒第六種類輕重門中,廣陳犯相,與南山《行事鈔》文大同。彼《疏》自設問答云:「問:『凡此所引,多是小乘,云何得通菩薩性戒用?』答:『菩薩性戒共學,攝論明文,故得用也。』」準是而言,若受菩薩戒中盜戒者,亦應奉此行持也。

釋相

CBETA Code: G2275

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