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Liquan Temple Chronicle (鹿泉寺志)

About 鹿泉寺志

Ming · by 許國誠.高一福撰

6,839 · about 23 min

The Gazetteer of Luquan Temple was compiled by the Ming dynasty scholars Xu Guocheng and Gao Yifu. Authored during the mid to late Ming period, a time when the compilation of Buddhist temple gazetteers flourished, it aimed to systematically document the historical evolution of Luquan Temple. Its contents cover the temple's origins, architectural layout, biographies of eminent monks, landholdings and economic affairs, inscribed steles with poetry and prose, as well as accounts of miraculous manifestations. It serves as an important document for studying the temple's history and local Buddhism. As a typical Ming dynasty temple gazetteer, it not only preserves valuable historical materials on regional Buddhism, but also reflects the actual interactions between Buddhism, literati, and officialdom at that time. It holds significant academic value for researching Ming dynasty Buddhist temple economies, local religious practices, and cultural integration.


鹿泉寺位於江蘇丹徒招隱山,招隱山在城西南十里,一名獸窟山,羣峰環其三面,而大江襟帶其北,其中稍平衍可居,劉宋時有處士戴顒隱於此,山因以招隱名,與焦山、北固山、金山、黃鶴山合稱京口五名山。山之西有三泉:曰真珠,曰鹿跑,曰虎跑。山中有寺,深邃幽雅,本為戴顒隱居處,其女捨其宅為寺,乃名寺為「招隱」。寺自劉宋景平元年(四二三)曇度禪師始創天王殿,又有增華閣,王蘂亭,後皆廢。唐宋諸賢之題詠石刻,明正統中移至鶴林寺。此寺於明永樂間盛極而衰,亭榭臺閣,悉皆荒蕪,嘉靖間有毘陵惠山僧正讓來主寺,乃奉郡守林華命,力為修葺,飾殿宇、佛像、廻廊、石梁、泉亭,以次鼎建,墾田二十餘畝,植樹萬餘株,始稍稍自給。嗣是漸以消耗,寺幾廢。萬曆二十七年(一五九九)郡守許國誠,復捐俸修葺,易其匾曰「鹿泉寺」,蓋取鶴林、鹿泉二寺並稱;又擇寺西山麓稍高敞者建堂,匾曰「玉蘂仙踪」。招隱舊無記錄,郡守許國誠既修殿宇,又倩郡博高一福增修「京口三山全志」,乃輯有關招隱寺之詩文為一卷,附於三山志後。此志分古蹟、五言詩、七言詩、賦、記等五目,其中有關此寺之建置沿革者,有「古蹟」、「玉蘂仙踪堂記」、「招隱寺記」、「重修招隱寺記」、「萬古清流記」等五篇,餘者為藝文。按此寺與鶴林同為古剎,唐宋諸賢遊跡所至,題詠刻石,每多名家之作,如米芾「戴顒高士記」之斷碑,此志皆未採錄。「京口三山全志」初刻於正德七年(一五一二),萬曆間增補刊行,今國立中央圖書館代管北平圖書館藏本即此本也,其鶴林寺志有殘闕,鹿泉寺志則尚完整,茲據此藏本景印。其版漫漶,以無別本,故不予描補,祈讀者鑒之。

Luquan Temple is located on Zhaoyin Mountain in Dantu, Jiangsu. Zhaoyin Mountain, also known as Shouku Mountain, lies about ten li southwest of the city. It is surrounded by peaks on three sides, with the great Yangtze River flowing to the north. The terrain here is relatively flat and habitable. During the Liu Song dynasty, the recluse Dai Yong lived in seclusion here, and the mountain was thus named "Zhaoyin" (Inviting Reclusion). Together with Jiaoshan, Beigushan, Jinshan, and Huangheshan, it is known as one of the Five Famous Mountains of Jingkou.

To the west of the mountain are three springs: Zhenzhu (Pearl), Lupao (Deer Run), and Hupao (Tiger Run). Within the mountain lies a temple, deep and serene, originally the hermitage of Dai Yong. His daughter donated the residence to become a temple, which was then named "Zhaoyin." The temple began with the construction of the Heavenly Kings Hall by Master Tandu in the first year of Jingping of the Liu Song dynasty (423 AD). It also once had structures like the Zenghua Pavilion and Wangrui Pavilion, which later fell into ruin. Stone inscriptions of poems by notable Tang and Song dynasty figures were moved to Helin Temple during the Ming Zhengtong era.

The temple flourished during the Ming Yongle period but later declined. Its pavilions, terraces, and halls became overgrown and desolate. During the Jiajing era, the monk Zheng Rang from Huishan in Piling came to preside over the temple. Under the order of the prefect Lin Hua, he undertook extensive renovations, restoring the halls, Buddha statues, corridors, stone bridges, and spring pavilions. He also cultivated over twenty mu of land and planted more than ten thousand trees, allowing the temple to become somewhat self-sufficient. However, it gradually declined again and nearly fell into ruin.

In the 27th year of the Wanli era (1599), the prefect Xu Guocheng donated his salary to restore the temple and changed its name to "Luquan Temple," pairing it with Helin Temple as the two notable temples of the area. He also selected a slightly elevated site on the western foothills to build a hall, naming it "Jade Stamen Immortal Traces."

Originally, there were no records of Zhaoyin. After Prefect Xu Guocheng restored the temple, he commissioned the local scholar Gao Yifu to compile the "Complete Gazetteer of the Three Mountains of Jingkou," which included a volume of poems and writings related to Zhaoyin Temple, appended to the gazetteer. This volume is divided into five categories: ancient sites, five-character poems, seven-character poems, prose-poems, and records. Among the writings concerning the temple's history and development are "Ancient Sites," "Record of the Jade Stamen Immortal Traces Hall," "Record of Zhaoyin Temple," "Record of the Restoration of Zhaoyin Temple," and "Record of Eternal Clear Streams," with the rest being literary works.

This temple, like Helin Temple, is an ancient monastery. Many notable Tang and Song dynasty figures visited and left inscriptions and poems here, including the fragmented stele of Mi Fu's "Record of the Noble Scholar Dai Yong," which was not included in this gazetteer.

The "Complete Gazetteer of the Three Mountains of Jingkou" was first printed in the 7th year of the Zhengde era (1512) and was supplemented and reprinted during the Wanli period. The copy held by the National Central Library, on behalf of the Beiping Library, is this edition. While the Helin Temple gazetteer is incomplete, the Luquan Temple gazetteer remains intact. This facsimile is based on that library copy. The printing plates are worn, and since no other copies exist, no corrections have been made. We ask for the reader's understanding.

鹿泉寺志卷之十一(数集)

Deer Spring Temple Records, Volume 11

郡守許國誠𪔂臣甫增修

Prefect Xu Guocheng and Minister Fu Expanded and Renovated

郡司訓高一福輯正

Prefectural Instructor Gao Yifu Compiled and Edited


古蹟

CBETA Code: GA0044

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