---
title: "妙法蓮華經 · 20 常不輕菩薩品"
description: "妙法莲华经是大乘佛教重要经典，由鸠摩罗什于姚秦弘始八年（406年）译成汉文。该经共二十八品，以“开权显实”“会三归一”为核心思想，主张一切众生皆可成佛，强调佛陀教法的统一性与究竟性。经中通过大量譬喻故事，如“火宅喻”“化城喻”等，阐述一佛乘理念，被誉为“经中之王”。在汉传佛教中具有崇高地位，是天台宗根本经典，对中国佛教思想发展影响深远。现存版本以鸠摩罗什译本流传最广，文辞优美，义理深邃。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cm9xd3uqe00dcfs0w84g5cstf"
---

### 妙法蓮華經常不輕菩薩品第二十

爾時，佛告得大勢菩薩摩訶薩：「汝今當知！若比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷持法花經者，若有惡口、罵詈、誹謗，獲大罪報，如前所說；其所得功德，如向所說，眼、耳、鼻、舌、身、意清淨。

> At that time, the Buddha addressed the Bodhisattva Mahasattva Mahāsthāmaprāpta: “You should now understand! If a bhikṣu, bhikṣuṇī, upāsaka, or upāsikā upholds the Dharma Flower Sutra, and if anyone speaks harshly, reviles, or slanders them, that person will obtain grave retribution, as previously explained. As for the merits attained by that upholder, they are as stated before: purity of the eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind.”

「得大勢！乃往古昔，過無量無邊不可思議阿僧祇劫，有佛名威音王如來、應供、正遍知、明行足、善逝、世間解、無上士、調御丈夫、天人師、佛、世尊。劫名離衰，國名大成。其威音王佛，於彼世中，為天、人、阿修羅說法，為求聲聞者，說應四諦法，度生老病死，究竟涅槃；為求辟支佛者，說應十二因緣法；為諸菩薩，因阿耨多羅三藐三菩提，說應六波羅蜜法，究竟佛慧。

> Mahāsthāmaprāpta! In ancient times past, beyond measureless, boundless, inconceivable, countless kalpas, there was a Buddha named King Resounding Thunder Tathāgata, Arhat, Samyaksaṃbuddha, Perfect in Knowledge and Conduct, Sugata, Knower of the World, Unsurpassed One, Tamer of Men, Teacher of Gods and Humans, Buddha, Bhagavān. The kalpa was named Decline-Free, and the land was named Great Accomplishment. That King Resounding Thunder Buddha, in that world, taught the Dharma to gods, humans, and asuras. For those seeking the Śrāvaka Vehicle, he taught the Dharma in accordance with the Four Noble Truths, liberating them from birth, old age, sickness, and death, leading to ultimate Nirvāṇa. For those seeking the Pratyekabuddha Vehicle, he taught the Dharma in accordance with the Twelve Links of Dependent Origination. For the Bodhisattvas, for the sake of Anuttarā Samyaksaṃbodhi, he taught the Dharma in accordance with the Six Pāramitās, leading to the ultimate wisdom of the Buddha.

「得大勢！是威音王佛，壽四十萬億那由他恒河沙劫；正法住世劫數，如一閻浮提微塵；像法住世劫數，如四天下微塵。其佛饒益眾生已，然後滅度。正法、像法滅盡之後，於此國土復有佛出，亦號威音王如來、應供、正遍知、明行足、善逝、世間解、無上士、調御丈夫、天人師、佛、世尊。如是次第有二萬億佛，皆同一號。

「最初威音王如來既已滅度，正法滅後，於像法中，增上慢比丘有大勢力。爾時有一菩薩比丘名常不輕。得大勢！以何因緣名常不輕？是比丘，凡有所見——若比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷——皆悉禮拜讚歎而作是言：『我深敬汝等，不敢輕慢。所以者何？汝等皆行菩薩道，當得作佛。』而是比丘，不專讀誦經典，但行禮拜，乃至遠見四眾，亦復故往禮拜讚歎而作是言：『我不敢輕於汝等，汝等皆當作佛。』四眾之中，有生瞋恚、心不淨者，惡口罵詈言：『是無智比丘從何所來？自言：「我不輕汝。」而與我等授記，當得作佛。我等不用如是虛妄授記。』如此經歷多年，常被罵詈，不生瞋恚，常作是言：『汝當作佛。』說是語時，眾人或以杖木瓦石而打擲之，避走遠住，猶高聲唱言：『我不敢輕於汝等，汝等皆當作佛。』以其常作是語故，增上慢比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷，號之為常不輕。是比丘臨欲終時，於虛空中，具聞威音王佛先所說法華經二十千萬億偈，悉能受持，即得如上眼根清淨、耳鼻舌身意根清淨。得是六根清淨已，更增壽命二百萬億那由他歲，廣為人說是法華經。於時增上慢四眾——比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷——輕賤是人，為作不輕名者，見其得大神通力、樂說辯力、大善寂力，聞其所說，皆信伏隨從。是菩薩復化千萬億眾，令住阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。命終之後，得值二千億佛，皆號日月燈明，於其法中，說是法華經。以是因緣，復值二千億佛，同號雲自在燈王，於此諸佛法中，受持讀誦，為諸四眾說此經典故，得是常眼清淨，耳、鼻、舌、身、意諸根清淨，於四眾中說法，心無所畏。

> In the beginning, after the Buddha King Awesome Voice had already entered parinirvana, and after the true Dharma had perished, during the time of the semblance Dharma, there were arrogant bhikṣus of great power. At that time, there was a bodhisattva bhikṣu named Never Disparaging. O Possessor of Great Power, for what reason was he named Never Disparaging? This bhikṣu, toward all whom he saw—whether bhikṣu, bhikṣuṇī, upāsaka, or upāsikā—would in every case bow in reverence, praise them, and speak these words: "I deeply revere you all; I dare not slight you. Why is this? You all are practicing the bodhisattva path and shall attain buddhahood." This bhikṣu did not devote himself solely to reading and reciting the sutras but only practiced this reverence. Even when seeing the fourfold assembly from afar, he would still deliberately go to bow in reverence and praise them, speaking these words: "I dare not slight you. You shall all become buddhas." Among the fourfold assembly, there were those who gave rise to anger and whose minds were impure. They reviled him with harsh words, saying: "Where does this ignorant bhikṣu come from, who says, 'I do not slight you,' and gives us predictions that we shall become buddhas? We have no need for such false and empty predictions." For many years he was constantly reviled in this way, yet he gave rise to no anger, always saying: "You shall become a buddha." When he spoke these words, people would sometimes strike and pelt him with sticks, wood, tiles, or stones. He would avoid them and retreat to a distance, yet still cry out in a loud voice: "I dare not slight you. You shall all become buddhas." Because he constantly spoke these words, the arrogant bhikṣus, bhikṣuṇīs, upāsakas, and upāsikās called him Never Disparaging. When this bhikṣu was nearing the end of his life, in empty space he fully heard the Dharma Flower Sutra, in twenty thousand million gāthās, that had been previously expounded by the Buddha King Awesome Voice. He was able to receive and uphold it entirely and immediately attained the purification of the sense faculties as described above—the purification of the eye faculty, ear faculty, nose faculty, tongue faculty, body faculty, and mind faculty. Having attained this purification of the six faculties, his lifespan was further increased by two hundred million nayutas of years, and he extensively expounded this Dharma Flower Sutra for people. At that time, the arrogant fourfold assembly—bhikṣus, bhikṣuṇīs, upāsakas, and upāsikās—who had slighted him and given him the name Never Disparaging, seeing that he had attained great spiritual powers, the power of joyful eloquence, and the power of great wholesome tranquility, and hearing what he expounded, all believed, submitted, and followed him. This bodhisattva further transformed thousands of millions of beings, establishing them in anuttarā-samyak-saṃbodhi. After his life ended, he encountered two thousand million buddhas, all named Sun Moon Lamp, and in their Dharma he expounded this Dharma Flower Sutra. Because of this cause and condition, he again encountered two thousand million buddhas, all named King Cloud Freedom Lamp. In the Dharma of these buddhas, because he received and upheld, read and recited this sutra, and expounded it for the fourfold assembly, he attained this constant purification of the eye, and the purification of the faculties of ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind. When expounding the Dharma among the fourfold assembly, his mind was without fear.

「得大勢！是常不輕菩薩摩訶薩，供養如是若干諸佛，恭敬、尊重、讚歎、種諸善根，於後復值千萬億佛，亦於諸佛法中說是經典，功德成就，當得作佛。

> O Mahāsthāmaprāpta! This Bodhisattva Mahāsattva Sadāparibhūta made offerings to such numerous Buddhas, revering, honoring, and praising them, planting all roots of virtue. Thereafter, he again encountered hundreds of thousands of millions of Buddhas, and in the Dharma of those Buddhas, he proclaimed this scripture. Through the perfection of his merit, he is destined to attain Buddhahood.

「得大勢！於意云何？爾時常不輕菩薩豈異人乎？則我身是。若我於宿世不受持讀誦此經、為他人說者，不能疾得阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。我於先佛所，受持讀誦此經、為人說故，疾得阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。

> Mahāsthāmaprāpta! What do you think? Was that Bhikṣu Sadāparibhūta at that time someone else? He was indeed myself. If in my former lives I had not received, upheld, read, recited this sutra, and expounded it for others, I would not have been able so swiftly to attain anuttarā-samyak-saṃbodhi. It was precisely because in the presence of past buddhas I received, upheld, read, recited this sutra, and expounded it for others, that I swiftly attained anuttarā-samyak-saṃbodhi.

「得大勢！彼時四眾——比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷——以瞋恚意輕賤我故，二百億劫常不值佛、不聞法、不見僧，千劫於阿鼻地獄受大苦惱。畢是罪已，復遇常不輕菩薩，教化阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。

> Mahāsthāmaprāpta! At that time, the fourfold assembly—bhikṣus, bhikṣuṇīs, upāsakas, and upāsikās—because they despised me with minds of anger and hatred, for two hundred kotis of kalpas constantly failed to encounter Buddhas, to hear the Dharma, and to see the Saṅgha. For a thousand kalpas they endured great suffering in the Avīci Hell. After exhausting that karma, they again encountered the Bodhisattva Sadāparibhūta, who instructed them in anuttarā-samyak-saṁbodhi.

「得大勢，於汝意云何？爾時四眾常輕是菩薩者，豈異人乎？今此會中跋陀婆羅等五百菩薩、師子月等五百比丘、尼思佛等五百優婆塞，皆於阿耨多羅三藐三菩提不退轉者是。

> O Mahāsthāmaprāpta, what is your thought? Are those who constantly disparaged this Bodhisattva among the fourfold assembly at that time different persons? They are none other than the five hundred Bodhisattvas such as Bhadrapāla, the five hundred bhikṣus such as Siṃhacandra, and the five hundred upāsakas such as Nīśabuddha in this assembly—all are those who do not regress from anuttarā-samyak-saṃbodhi.

「得大勢！當知是法華經，大饒益諸菩薩摩訶薩，能令至於阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。是故諸菩薩摩訶薩，於如來滅後，常應受持、讀誦、解說、書寫是經。」

爾時世尊欲重宣此義，而說偈言：

> Then the World-Honored One, wishing to restate this meaning, spoke in verse:

「過去有佛， 號威音王， 神智無量，將導一切， 天人龍神， 所共供養。是佛滅後， 法欲盡時， 有一菩薩，名常不輕。 時諸四眾， 計著於法。不輕菩薩， 往到其所， 而語之言：『我不輕汝， 汝等行道， 皆當作佛。』諸人聞已， 輕毀罵詈； 不輕菩薩，能忍受之。 其罪畢已， 臨命終時，得聞此經， 六根清淨。 神通力故，增益壽命， 復為諸人， 廣說是經。諸著法眾， 皆蒙菩薩， 教化成就，令住佛道。 不輕命終， 值無數佛，說是經故， 得無量福， 漸具功德，疾成佛道。 彼時不輕， 則我身是。時四部眾， 著法之者， 聞不輕言：『汝當作佛。』 以是因緣， 值無數佛。此會菩薩， 五百之眾， 并及四部，清信士女， 今於我前， 聽法者是。我於前世， 勸是諸人， 聽受斯經，第一之法。 開示教人， 令住涅槃，世世受持， 如是經典。 億億萬劫，至不可議， 時乃得聞， 是法華經。億億萬劫， 至不可議， 諸佛世尊、時說是經。 是故行者， 於佛滅後，聞如是經， 勿生疑惑。 應當一心、廣說此經， 世世值佛， 疾成佛道。」

> In the past there was a Buddha, named King Resounding with the Sound of Thunder, of immeasurable divine wisdom. He guided all beings, and was venerated by gods, humans, dragons, and spirits. After that Buddha's nirvana, when the Dharma was near its end, there was a bodhisattva named Never Disparaging. At that time, the fourfold assembly was attached to views about the Dharma. The Bodhisattva Never Disparaging would go to where they were and say to them: 'I do not disparage you. You are practicing the Way; you shall all attain Buddhahood.' Hearing this, people scorned, reviled, and cursed him. The Bodhisattva Never Disparaging was able to endure it. When his retribution was exhausted, at the end of his life, he heard this sutra, and his six faculties became pure. Through the power of spiritual penetrations, his lifespan increased, and again for the people he extensively taught this sutra. Those attached to views were all enabled by the bodhisattva to be taught and accomplished, causing them to abide in the Buddha Way. After Never Disparaging's life ended, he encountered countless Buddhas. Because he taught this sutra, he gained immeasurable blessings, gradually perfected his merit, and swiftly accomplished the Buddha Way. That Never Disparaging of that time is my present self. The fourfold assembly of that time, those attached to views, who heard Never Disparaging say 'You shall become Buddhas,' through this cause and condition, encountered countless Buddhas. The five hundred bodhisattvas in this assembly, together with the fourfold assembly, the devoted men and women, who are now before me listening to the Dharma— in my former lives I urged these people to listen to and accept this sutra, the foremost Dharma. I revealed and taught people, causing them to abide in nirvana. Life after life they received and upheld such a sutra as this. For hundreds of thousands of myriads of millions of kalpas, until an inconceivable time, they then were able to hear this Lotus Sutra. For hundreds of thousands of myriads of millions of kalpas, until an inconceivable time, the Buddhas, the World-Honored Ones, at times teach this sutra. Therefore, practitioners, after the Buddha's nirvana, upon hearing such a sutra, should not give rise to doubts. You should single-mindedly extensively teach this sutra. Life after life you will encounter Buddhas and swiftly accomplish the Buddha Way.