---
title: "洛陽伽藍記校注 · 景寧寺"
description: "洛阳伽蓝记是北魏杨衒之撰写的佛教历史地理著作，由范祥雍校注。该书成书于东魏武定年间，主要记述北魏都城洛阳佛寺的兴衰景象，反映了佛教在北魏时期的繁荣状况。书中详细记载了洛阳城内外的寺庙布局、建筑规模及宗教活动，同时涉及政治、经济和社会变迁，具有极高的史料价值。作为中国佛教史和古代城市研究的重要典籍，它不仅是研究北朝佛教传播与寺院经济的关键文献，也是了解中原文化变迁的珍贵遗产。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmex95cyt0bpvl404km0y2b7d"
---

景寧寺，太保司徒公楊【校】說郛四楊作陽。椿所立也。在青【校】吳琯本、漢魏本、吳集證本青作清。下同。陽門外三里御道南，所謂景寧里也。高祖遷都洛邑，椿創居【校】說郛居作屋，誤。此里，遂分宅為寺，因以名之。制飾甚美，綺柱朱【校】各本朱作珠。簾。椿弟慎，【校】按魏書本傳及通鑑一百五十五慎作順。下同。冀州刺史；慎弟津，司空；並立性寬雅，貴義輕財。四世同居，一門三從，朝貴義居，未之有也。普泰中，為爾朱世隆所誅。後捨宅為建中寺。出青陽門外三里御道北，有孝義里。里西北角有蘇秦冢。冢旁有寶明寺。眾僧常見秦出入此冢，車馬羽儀，若今宰相也。【校】如隱堂本自上平等寺「（無所）干預」至此「（若今）宰相」止，係闕葉補鈔。

> Jingning Temple was established by Yang Chun, Grand Guardian and Grand Commandant. It was located three li outside Qingyang Gate, south of the imperial road, in what was called Jingning Ward. When Emperor Gaozu moved the capital to Luoyang, Chun took the lead in building his residence in this ward, and later converted part of his home into a temple, naming it after the ward. The temple was beautifully adorned, with ornate pillars and crimson curtains. Chun's younger brother Shen served as governor of Ji Province; Shen's younger brother, Jin, served as Minister of Works. Both were known for their generous and refined character, valuing righteousness over wealth. Four generations lived together under one roof, with three generations of brothers sharing a single household—a rare example of righteous family life among the nobility of the time. During the Putai era, they were executed by Erzhu Shilong. Their residence was later converted into Jianzhong Temple. Three li outside Qingyang Gate, on the north side of the imperial road, stood Xiaoyi Ward. At the northwest corner of the ward was the tomb of Su Qin. Beside the tomb stood Baoming Temple. Monks frequently saw Su Qin coming and going from this tomb, accompanied by carriages, horses, and ceremonial trappings befitting a prime minister of the day.

孝義里東即是洛陽小寺（市）【校】吳琯本、漢魏本寺作市。按元河南志三正作「洛陽小市」，今據正。北有車騎將軍張景仁宅。景仁，會稽山陰人也。正光（景明）【校】正光當是「景明」之誤，說見注，今正。年初，從蕭寶夤【校】綠君亭本、真意堂本夤作寅。歸化，拜羽林監，賜宅城南歸正里，民間號為吳人坊，南來投化者多居其內。近伊洛二水，任其習御。里三千【校】按元河南志三千作十。餘家，自立巷《寺》【校】吳琯本、漢魏本、真意堂本無寺字。綠君亭本注云：「一作市。」吳集證云：「寺字當從何本衍。」按吳說是。元河南志作自立巷市，無寺字。市，所賣口味，多是水族，時人謂為魚鱉寺（市）【校】吳琯本、漢魏本、真意堂本作市。按元河南志三亦作市，今據正。也。景仁住此以為恥，遂徙居孝義里【校】吳琯本、漢魏本無里字。焉。時朝廷方欲招懷荒服，待吳兒【校】吳琯本、漢魏本、真意堂本兒作人。甚厚，蹇（褰）【校】各本作褰，今正。裳【校】吳琯本、漢魏本、真意堂本裳作衣。渡於江者，皆居不次之位。景仁無汗馬之勞，高官通顯。永安二年，蕭衍遣主書陳慶之送北海入洛陽，僭帝位。慶之為侍中。景仁在南之日，與慶之有舊，遂設酒引邀慶之過宅，司農卿蕭彪、尚書右丞張嵩並在其坐。彪亦是南人，唯有中大夫楊元慎、【校】酉陽雜俎八夢篇記楊元慎解夢事，慎作稹。給事中大夫王㫬是中原士族。慶之因醉謂蕭、張等曰：「魏朝甚盛，猶曰五胡。正朔相承，【校】吳琯本、漢魏本、真意堂本相作之。當在江左，秦皇玉璽，今在梁朝。」元慎正色曰：「江左假息，僻居一隅。地多濕蟄，【校】照曠閣本蟄作熱。攢育蟲蟻，壃土瘴癘，蛙黽【校】吳琯本、漢魏本黽作龜。共穴，人鳥同羣。短髮之君，無杼【校】吳琯本、漢魏本杼作抒。首之貌；文身之民，稟叢（蕞）當作蕞，以形近似而譌。蕞陋語本魏都賦，詳見本注。各本皆誤。陋之質。浮於三江，棹於五湖。禮樂所不沽（沾），【校】吳琯本、漢魏本、綠君亭本、真意堂本作沾，今據正。吳集證本作治。憲章弗能革。雖復秦餘漢罪，雜以華音，【校】吳琯本、漢魏本音作言。復閩、楚難言，不可改變。【校】吳琯本、漢魏本、真意堂本改變作「變改」。雖立君臣，上慢下暴。是以劉劭殺父於前，休【校】吳琯本、漢魏本休字空格。龍淫母於後，見【校】綠君亭本見作悖。吳集證本作背。逆人倫，禽獸不異。加以山陰請壻賣夫，朋淫於家，不顧譏笑。卿沐其遺風，未【校】吳琯本、漢魏本未作來。沽（沾）【校】各本作沾，今正。禮化，所謂陽翟之民，不知癭之為醜。我魏膺籙受圖，定鼎嵩洛，五山為鎮，四海為家。移風易俗之典，與五常（帝）【校】綠君亭本、真意堂本常作帝，今據正。而並跡；禮樂憲章之盛，淩【校】吳琯本、漢魏本、真意堂本作陵。百王而獨高。豈（宜）【校】吳琯本、漢魏本豈作宜。義長，今從之。卿魚鱉之徒，慕義來朝，飲我池水，啄我稻粱；何為不遜，以《以》【校】各本以字不重，當衍。至於此？」慶之等見元慎清詞雅句，縱橫奔發，杜口流汗，合【校】各本合作含。聲不言。於後數日，慶之遇病，心上急痛，訪人解治。元慎自云「能解」，【校】吳琯本、漢魏本無慶之遇病至此十八字。慶之遂憑元慎。【校】吳琯本、漢魏本憑下空四格，無元慎二字。元慎即口含水噀慶之曰：「吳人之鬼，住居建康，小作冠帽，短製衣裳。自呼阿儂，語則阿傍。菰稗為󰕖，茗飲作漿，呷啜蓴【校】吳琯本、漢魏本、真意堂本蓴作鱒。羹，唼嗍蠏黃，手把荳蔻，口嚼梹【校】吳琯本、漢魏本、真意堂本作檳，同。榔。乍至中土，思憶本鄉。急手【校】吳琯本、漢魏本、真意堂本急手作「急急」。綠君亭本注云：「一作急急，後同。」速去，還爾丹陽。若其寒門之鬼，□頭【校】吳琯本、漢魏本、真意堂本頭字空格。猶脩，網魚漉【校】吳琯本、漢魏本漉作灑。鼈，在河之洲。咀嚼菱藕，捃拾鷄頭，蛙羹蚌臛，以為膳羞。布袍芒履，倒騎水牛，洗（沅）、【校】各本作沅，是，今據正。湘、江、漢，鼓棹遨遊。隨波遡浪，噞喁沈浮，白苧【校】吳琯本、漢魏本、真意堂本苧作紵。起舞，揚波發謳。急手【校】吳琯本、漢魏本、真意堂本急手作「急急」。速去，還爾揚州。」慶之伏枕曰：「楊君見辱深矣。」自此後，吳兒更不敢解語。【校】吳琯本、漢魏本解語二字空格。北海尋伏誅。其慶之還奔蕭衍，【校】吳琯本、漢魏本、綠君亭本、真意堂本下重衍字，屬下句。用【校】吳琯本、漢魏本、真意堂本用下有其字。為司州刺史，欽重北人，特異於常。朱异【校】吳琯本、漢魏本异作忌。案資治通鑑一百五十三作朱异，與此同。怪復【校】綠君亭本、真意堂本復作而。按通鑑亦作而。問之。曰：「自晉、宋以來，號洛陽為荒土，【校】吳琯本、漢魏本土作中。此中【校】吳琯本、漢魏本無中字。謂長江以北，盡是夷狄。昨至洛陽，始知衣冠士族，並在中原。禮儀富盛，人物殷阜，目所不識，【校】吳琯本、漢魏本此句作「耳目所識」。真意堂本作「耳目所不識」。口不能傳。所謂帝京翼翼，四方之則。始（如）【校】吳琯本、漢魏本、綠君亭本、真意堂本皆作如，今據正。登泰山者卑培塿，涉江海者小湘、沅。北人安可不重？」慶之因此羽儀服式，悉如魏法。江表士庶，競相模楷，襃衣博帶，被及秣陵。

> East of Xiaoyi Lane is the small market of Luoyang. To its north stood the residence of General of Chariots and Cavalry Zhang Jingren. Jingren was from Shanyin, Kuaiji. In the early years of the Zhenguan era, he submitted to Wei along with Xiao Baoyin and was appointed Commandant of the Feathered Forest Guard. He was granted a residence in Guizheng Lane in the southern part of the city, which the locals called the "Wu People's Quarter," as most southerners who came to surrender settled there. Being near the Yi and Luo rivers, they were free to practice boating and fishing as they pleased. The lane had over ten thousand households and established its own street market, where the goods sold were mostly aquatic products. People of the time called it the "Fish and Turtle Market." Jingren found it shameful to live there, so he moved to Xiaoyi Lane. At that time, the court wished to win over distant peoples and treated the southerners generously. Those who crossed the Yangtze in shabby clothes all received high positions. Jingren, without any military merit, attained high rank and prominence. In the second year of Yong'an, Xiao Yan of the Liang dynasty sent Secretary Chen Qingzhi to escort the Prince of Beihai to Luoyang, where he usurped the imperial throne. Qingzhi was made a Palace Attendant. While Jingren was in the south, he had been acquainted with Qingzhi, so he prepared wine and invited Qingzhi to his residence. Director of Agriculture Xiao Biao and Vice Director of the Secretariat Zhang Song were also present. Biao was also a southerner, and only Grand Master Zhong Dafu Yang Yunshen and Grand Master for Consultations Wang Jun were gentry from the Central Plains. Qingzhi, emboldened by drink, said to Xiao, Zhang, and the others: "The Wei dynasty claims great power, yet they still call us the Five Barbarians. The legitimate succession should reside south of the Yangtze. The jade seal of the First Emperor of Qin is now in the Liang court." Yunshen said gravely: "The south of the Yangtze is but a temporary refuge, tucked away in a corner. The land is damp and infested with insects and vermin. The soil brings disease, frogs and turtles share burrows, and people mingle with birds. The rulers, with their short hair, lack the appearance of civilized leaders; their tattooed people possess the meanest qualities. They drift on the Three Rivers, row upon the Five Lakes. Ritual and music never touched them, nor could laws reform them. Though remnants of Qin crimes and Han guilt mixed with Chinese speech, their Fujian and Chu dialects remain stubborn and unchanged. Though they set up rulers and subjects, superiors are arrogant and inferiors violent. Thus Liu Shao killed his father first, and Xiu Long committed incest with his mother afterward—crimes against human decency, no different from beasts. Worse, in Shanyin, people sold husbands and wives, indulging in promiscuity at home without heed to ridicule. You have been steeped in these corrupt customs, untouched by ritual transformation—like the people of Yangdi who do not know goiters are ugly. Our Wei dynasty, receiving the mandate and chart, has established its capital at Mount Song and the Luo River, with the Five Sacred Peaks as bulwarks and the Four Seas as home. The codes that transform customs rival those of the Five Emperors; the splendor of ritual, music, and institutions surpasses all previous dynasties. Should you fish-and-turtle sorts, coming to admire righteousness and pay tribute, drink from our ponds and peck at our grain, how dare you be so insolent as to speak like this?" Seeing Yunshen's refined eloquence pour forth unrestrained, Qingzhi and the others fell silent, sweating, unable to utter a word. Several days later, Qingzhi fell ill with acute heart pain. Seeking a cure, Yunshen claimed he could treat it, so Qingzhi entrusted himself to his care. Yunshen took water into his mouth, sprayed it on Qingzhi, and said: "Southern ghosts, dwell in Jiankang, Wearing little caps, short-made clothes. Calling yourselves 'nong' (I/me), speaking with 'bang' beside. Wild rice and weeds for food, tea for drink, Sipping broth of water mallows, slurping crab roe, Holding cardamom in hand, chewing betel nuts. The moment you reach the Central Plains, you long for home— Quick, hurry away, back to your Danyang! If you are a ghost from a humble family, With shabby hats still worn, Fishing for fish, scooping turtles in the river islets, Chewing lotus roots and water caltrops, picking foxnuts, Frog soup and clam stew as your delicacies. In cloth robes and straw sandals, riding water buffalo backwards, On the Yuan, Xiang, Yangtze, and Han rivers, you row and roam, Riding waves and currents, bobbing and drifting, Dancing in white ramie cloth, raising waves with your songs— Quick, hurry away, back to your Yangzhou!" Qingzhi, prostrate on his pillow, said: "Sir Yang, you have deeply humiliated me." After this, no southerner dared to speak up again. The Prince of Beihai was soon executed. Qingzhi fled back to Xiao Yan, who appointed him Governor of Si Province. He came to deeply respect northerners, more than was customary. When Zhu Yi asked in surprise why, he said: "Since the Jin and Liu Song dynasties, we have called Luoyang a wasteland, believing everything north of the Yangtze was barbarian territory. Only after arriving in Luoyang did I realize that the true gentry and cultured elite are all in the Central Plains. The rites, prosperity, and abundance are such that the eyes cannot take it all in, nor can words describe it. It is as the saying goes: 'The imperial capital is majestic, the standard for all directions.' It is like climbing Mount Tai and finding other hills mere mounds, or crossing the great rivers and finding the Yuan and Xiang but streams. How can northerners not be respected?" Because of this, Qingzhi adopted the dress and manner of the Wei court entirely. The gentry and commoners of the Jiangnan region all came to emulate this style, and flowing robes and wide sashes became fashionable all the way to Moling (Nanjing).

元慎，弘農人，晉冀州刺史嶠六世孫。曾祖泰，從宋武入關，為上洛太守。七年背偽【校】吳琯本、漢魏本、真意堂本偽作魏，非。來朝，明【校】吳琯本、漢魏本無明字。帝賜爵臨晉侯，廣武郡陳郡太守，贈涼州刺史，諡烈【校】吳琯本、漢魏本烈字空格。侯。祖撫，明經，為中博士。父辭，【校】吳琯本、漢魏本辭作甜。自得丘壑，不事王侯。叔父許，河南令、蜀郡太守。世以學行著聞，名高州里。元慎情【校】吳琯本、漢魏本、真意堂本、吳集證本情作清。尚卓逸，少有高操，仁（任）【校】吳琯本、漢魏本、綠君亭本、真意堂本皆作任，今據正。心自放，不為時羈。樂水愛山，好游林澤。博識文淵，清言入神，造次應對，莫有稱者。讀老、莊，善言玄理。性嗜酒，飲至一石，神不亂。常慷慨歎不得與阮籍【校】吳琯本、漢魏本籍作藉。同時生。不願仕宦，為中散，常辭疾退閑。未常【校】各本作嘗。修敬諸貴，亦不慶弔親知，【校】綠君亭本知作諸。吳琯本、漢魏本、真意堂本知下有諸字貴為交友，故時人弗識也。或有人慕其高義，【校】吳琯本、漢魏本義作儀。投刺在門，元慎稱疾高臥。加以意思深長，善於解夢。孝昌【校】綠君亭本、真意堂本昌下有元字。年，廣陵（陽）按魏書、北史紀傳皆作廣陽王，元湛墓誌同。則陵字譌，唐鈎沈本改作陽，是也。太平御覽九百五十四亦皆作「廣陵」，與此同。則沿誤已久矣。酉陽雜俎八夢篇作「廣陽」，尚不誤，今正。王元淵【校】吳琯本、漢魏本王元二字空格。初除儀同三司，總眾十萬御覽十萬二字作「北」。討葛榮，夜夢著袞衣【校】吳琯本、漢魏本衣下空一格。倚槐樹而【校】御覽無而字。立，以為吉徵，問於元慎。【校】御覽下重元慎二字，屬下讀。曰：「三公之祥。」淵甚悅之。元慎退還，告人曰：「廣陵（陽）死矣！槐字是木傍鬼，死後當得三公。」廣陵（陽）果為葛榮【校】酉陽雜俎作爾朱榮，誤。所煞，【校】各本煞作殺，同。追贈司空（徒）公，【校】司空公當作司徒公，說見注。御覽及酉陽雜俎皆作司徒，今正。終如其言。建義〈初〉，【校】各本義下有初字。吳集證云：「義字下當從各本有一初字。」今補。陽城太守薛令伯，聞太原王誅百官，立莊帝，棄郡東走。忽夢射得雁，以問元慎。元慎曰：「卿執羔，大夫執雁，君當得大夫之職。」俄然令伯除為諫議大夫。京兆許超【校】綠君亭本超作兆。夢盜羊入獄，問於元慎。元慎曰：「君當得陽城令。」【校】酉陽雜俎陽城作「城陽」。其后，有功封城陽侯。【校】各本皆作「陽城侯」。酉陽雜俎作「城陽侯」，與此同。元慎解夢，義出方途，【校】各本方作萬。吳集證云：「方當從各本作萬，此因万而誤也。」按方途謂方術之途，義亦可通。隨意會情，皆有神驗。雖令與后小乖，按令今百里，即是古諸侯。以此論之，亦為妙著，時人譬之周宣。及爾朱兆入洛陽，即棄官與華陰隱士王騰周遊上洛山。

> Yuan Shen was a native of Hongnong. He was the sixth-generation descendant of Yuan Qiao, who served as Inspector of Ji Province. His great-great-grandfather, Yuan Tai, accompanied Emperor Wu of the Liu Song dynasty into the Pass and served as Governor of Shangluo. Seven years later, he turned his back on the usurper regime and came to pledge allegiance. Emperor Ming bestowed upon him the title of Marquis of Linjin, and he served as Governor of Guangwu and Chen Commanderies. He was posthumously honored as Governor of Liang Province, with the posthumous title of "Lie Marquis." His grandfather, Yuan Fu, was a scholar of the classics and served as a court erudite. His father, Yuan Ci, withdrew from worldly affairs, finding contentment in the mountains and valleys, refusing to serve princes or nobles. His uncle, Yuan Xu, served as Magistrate of Henan and Governor of Shu Commandery. The family was renowned for their learning and conduct, their reputation reaching far beyond their hometown. Yuan Shen was noble in spirit and extraordinary in character. From youth, he possessed lofty principles. His heart was free and unrestrained, unbound by the conventions of his time. He delighted in rivers and mountains, loving to wander through forests and marshes. His knowledge was vast and profound, his conversation refined and inspired. In impromptu responses and debates, no one could match him. He studied Laozi and Zhuangzi and excelled in discoursing on their mysterious principles. By nature, he was fond of wine, and could drink up to a full measure without losing his composure. He would often sigh with deep emotion, lamenting that he had not been born in the same era as Ruan Ji. He had no desire for official position, and when he served as a court gentleman of the central secretariat, he frequently cited illness to retreat into leisure. He never paid formal respects to the powerful, nor did he offer congratulations or condolences to relatives and acquaintances. Even when nobles sought his friendship, the people of his time did not recognize his worth. Some who admired his lofty virtue would leave their calling cards at his gate, but Yuan Shen would plead illness and remain reclined in bed. Moreover, his thinking was profound and far-reaching, and he excelled at interpreting dreams. In the first year of Xiaochang, when the Prince of Guangyang, Yuan Yuan, was first appointed to the rank of Yitong Sansi and commanded a force of one hundred thousand to campaign against Ge Rong, he dreamed one night that he stood in imperial robes, leaning against a locust tree. Taking this as an auspicious sign, he consulted Yuan Shen. Yuan Shen said, "This is an omen of the Three Dukes." Yuan Yuan was greatly pleased. But when Yuan Shen withdrew, he told others, "The Prince of Guangyang is doomed! The character for 'locust' (槐) has 'wood' (木) beside 'ghost' (鬼). After death, he will indeed attain the rank of Three Dukes." And indeed, the Prince of Guangyang was killed by Ge Rong and was posthumously granted the position of Minister of Works, just as Yuan Shen had predicted. During the Jiany i era, Xue Lingbo, the Magistrate of Yangcheng, upon hearing that the Prince of Taiyuan had executed all the officials and installed Emperor Zhuang, abandoned his post and fled eastward. He suddenly dreamed of shooting and capturing a wild goose, so he consulted Yuan Shen. Yuan Shen said, "Ministers of state hold lambs, and great officers hold geese. You are destined to attain the rank of a great officer." Shortly thereafter, Lingbo was appointed as a Remonstrance Advisor. Xu Chao of Jingzhao dreamed of stealing a sheep and being thrown into prison. He asked Yuan Shen about it. Yuan Shen said, "You will attain the position of Magistrate of Yangcheng." Later, he distinguished himself in service and was enfeoffed as Marquis of Chengyang. Yuan Shen's dream interpretations drew from the arts of divination. He would adapt his readings to circumstances and intentions, and they always proved remarkably accurate. Though his methods might differ slightly from the classical manuals, considering that a magistrate governed a hundred li of territory and thus equaled the ancient feudal lords, his interpretations were indeed masterful. His contemporaries compared him to Zhou Xuan. When Erzhu Zhao entered Luoyang, Yuan Shen immediately abandoned his official position and journeyed through the Shangluo Mountains together with the hermit Wang Teng of Huayin.

孝義里東市北殖【校】吳琯本、漢魏本殖作植。太平廣記四百三十九亦作植。貨里，里【校】廣記里字不重。有太常民劉胡，兄弟四人，以屠為業。永安年中，胡煞【校】各本作殺，同。猪，猪忽唱乞命，聲及四鄰。鄰【校】吳琯本、漢魏本鄰字不重。人謂胡兄弟相毆【校】吳琯本，漢魏本無毆字。廣記亦無。鬬而【校】廣記無而字。來觀之，乃猪也。【校】廣記猪下有胡字，屬下句。即捨宅為歸覺寺，合家人【校】按廣記無人字。入道焉。普泰元年，此寺金像生毛，眉【校】太平廣記一百三十九眉下有鬢字。髮悉皆具足。尚書左丞魏季景謂人曰：「張天錫有此事，其國遂滅，此亦不祥之徵。」至明年而廣陵被廢死。

> In the eastern market of Xiaoyi Ward, north of Zhi \[a variant: "Zhi" in Wu Guan's edition and the Han-Wei edition; the Extensive Records of the Taiping Era also has "Zhi"\] Market, there was a commoner named Liu Hu, one of four brothers who made their living as butchers. During the Yong'an reign, Hu was slaughtering a pig when the pig suddenly cried out for mercy, its voice reaching all the neighbors. The neighbors thought the Liu brothers were fighting \[Wu Guan's edition and the Han-Wei edition omit "fighting"; the Extensive Records also omits it\], so they came to watch, but it was only the pig \[the Extensive Records has "Hu" after "pig", connecting to the next sentence\]. He then gave up his house to build Guijue Temple, and his entire family entered the monastic life. In the first year of Putai, the golden image in this temple grew hair, with eyebrows \[the Extensive Records, fascicle 139, has "sideburns" after "eyebrows"\] and hair all complete. Wei Jijing, the Left Vice Director of the Department of State Affairs, told people, "Zhang Tianxi had such an occurrence, and his state was subsequently destroyed; this too is an inauspicious sign." By the next year, Emperor Guangling was deposed and died.