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  1. 经文
  1. The Sūtra on Delivering the Heart of Transcendental Discernment (般若波羅蜜多心經)
  2. 经文

The Sūtra on Delivering the Heart of Transcendental Discernment (般若波羅蜜多心經)

About 般若波羅蜜多心經

Tang · Source text translated by 智慧輪

608 · about 2 min

The Heart Sutra of the Perfection of Wisdom is a Mahāyāna Buddhist scripture, translated by the eminent Tang dynasty monk Prajñācakra. Belonging to the Perfection of Wisdom corpus, its core expounds the wisdom of emptiness and represents the essential distillation of the Prajñāpāramitā teachings. The sutra takes the form of a dialogue between Avalokiteśvara Bodhisattva and Śāriputra, revealing the truth that the five aggregates are empty and all phenomena are empty in nature, presenting the renowned dialectical principle that form is not different from emptiness, and emptiness is not different from form. As one of the shortest yet most profound Buddhist scriptures, the Heart Sutra holds an exalted position within Mahāyāna Buddhism and serves as an important text for meditation and daily recitation. Its concise 260-character expression encompasses the essence of Prajñāpāramitā thought, revered by all schools of Chinese Buddhism and exerting a profound influence on East Asian Buddhist culture.

Also available in: Chinese · Japanese

Human translations available

  • Johnson (2020)Johnson, Peter Lunde The Sūtra on Delivering the Heart of Transcendental Discernment Johnson, Peter Lunde, Delivering th…

般若波羅蜜多心經

The Heart of Prajñā Pāramitā Sutra

When the Bodhisattva Aval

唐上都大興善寺三藏沙門智慧輪奉 詔譯

Translated by the Tripitaka Master Prajñācakra of the Great Xing-shan Monastery in the Capital of the Tang Dynasty, by Imperial Command.

如是我聞:

Thus have I heard:

一時薄誐梵住王舍城鷲峯山中,與大苾蒭眾及大菩薩眾俱。爾時,世尊入三摩地,名廣大甚深照見。時眾中有一菩薩摩訶薩,名觀世音自在。行甚深般若波羅蜜多行時,照見五蘊自性皆空。

At one time, the Bhagavān was dwelling at Rājagṛha on Vulture Peak Mountain, together with a great assembly of bhikṣus and a great assembly of bodhisattvas. Then, the World-Honored One entered a samādhi called “Vast, Profound, and Illuminating Insight.” At that time, among the assembly, there was a bodhisattva mahāsattva named Avalokiteśvara. While practicing the profound practice of prajñāpāramitā, he illuminated and saw that the five aggregates are empty of inherent nature.

即時具壽舍利子,承佛威神,合掌恭敬,白觀世音自在菩薩摩訶薩言:「聖者!若有欲學甚深般若波羅蜜多行,云何修行?」如是問已。

Then the venerable Shariputra, empowered by the Buddha's majestic spirit, reverently joined his palms and addressed the Bodhisattva Mahāsattva Avalokiteśvara, the Sovereign of Compassion, saying: "O Noble One! If one wishes to train in the profound practice of Prajñāpāramitā, how should one cultivate it?" Thus he inquired.

爾時,觀世音自在菩薩摩訶薩告具壽舍利子言:「舍利子!若有善男子、善女人,行甚深般若波羅蜜多行時,應照見五蘊自性皆空,離諸苦厄。舍利子!色空,空性見色。色不異空,空不異色。是色即空,是空即色。受、想、行、識亦復如是。舍利子!是諸法性相空,不生不滅、不垢不淨、不減不增。是故空中無色,無受、想、行、識,無眼、耳、鼻、舌、身、意,無色、聲、香、味、觸、法,無眼界乃至無意識界。無無明亦無無明盡,乃至無老死盡。無苦、集、滅、道,無智證無得。以無所得故,菩提薩埵依般若波羅蜜多住,心無障礙。心無障礙故,無有恐怖,遠離顛倒夢想,究竟寂然。三世諸佛依般若波羅蜜多故,得阿耨多羅三藐三菩提,現成正覺。故知般若波羅蜜多是大真言、是大明真言、是無上真言、是無等等真言,能除一切苦,真實不虛。故說般若波羅蜜多真言。」

Then, the Bodhisattva Mahasattva Avalokiteshvara spoke to the Venerable Shariputra, saying: "Shariputra, if a virtuous man or virtuous woman, while practicing the profound Prajñāpāramitā, should perceive that the five aggregates are by nature empty, they will be freed from all suffering and distress.

Shariputra, form is emptiness; emptiness is form. Form is not other than emptiness; emptiness is not other than form. That which is form is emptiness; that which is emptiness is form. The same applies to sensation, perception, mental formations, and consciousness.

Shariputra, all dharmas are marked by emptiness: they do not arise nor cease, are not defiled nor pure, do not decrease nor increase.

Therefore, in emptiness there is no form, no sensation, no perception, no mental formations, no consciousness; no eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, mind; no form, sound, smell, taste, touch, dharmas; no realm of sight, up to no realm of mind-consciousness. There is no ignorance nor extinction of ignorance, up to no aging and death nor extinction of aging and death. There is no suffering, no origin, no cessation, no path. There is no wisdom and no attainment, since there is nothing to be attained.

Because there is nothing to be attained, a bodhisattva relies on Prajñāpāramitā, and thus the mind is without hindrance. Without hindrance, there is no fear. Far removed from all inverted views and dreamlike thoughts, one ultimately reaches Nirvana.

All buddhas of the past, present, and future rely on Prajñāpāramitā and thereby attain anuttarā-samyak-saṃbodhi, the unsurpassed, perfect enlightenment.

Therefore, know that Prajñāpāramitā is the great mantra, the mantra of great wisdom, the unsurpassed mantra, the unequalled mantra. It can remove all suffering. This is true, not false.

Therefore, the Prajñāpāramitā mantra is spoken."

即說真言:

Then he spoke the true words:

「唵(引)誐帝 誐帝 播(引)囉誐帝 播(引)囉散誐帝冒(引)地 娑縛(二合)賀(引)

Om, Gate, Gate, Paragate, Parasamgate, Bodhi, Svaha.

「如是,舍利子!諸菩薩摩訶薩,於甚深般若波羅蜜多行,應如是學。」

Thus, Shariputra, the great bodhisattva-mahāsattvas should train in this way in the profound perfection of wisdom.

爾時,世尊從三摩地安祥而起,讚觀世音自在菩薩摩訶薩言:「善哉,善哉!善男子!如是,如是!如汝所說。甚深般若波羅蜜多行,應如是行。如是行時,一切如來悉皆隨喜。」

Then, the World-Honored One arose serenely from samādhi and praised the Bodhisattva-Mahāsattva Avalokiteśvara, the Sovereign of Compassion, saying: "Excellent, excellent! Noble son! So it is, so it is! It is just as you have said. The profound practice of Prajñāpāramitā should be practiced thus. When one practices thus, all Tathāgatas rejoice."

爾時世尊如是說已,具壽舍利子,觀世音自在菩薩,及彼眾會一切世間天、人、阿蘇囉、巘䭾嚩等,聞佛所說,皆大歡喜,信受奉行。

Then, when the World-Honored One had thus spoken, the Venerable Shariputra, the Bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara (Guanyin), and that entire assembly—all the beings of the world, including gods, humans, asuras, and gandharvas—hearing what the Buddha had proclaimed, rejoiced greatly, faithfully accepted, and undertook to practice accordingly.

般若波羅蜜多心經

The Heart Sutra of the Perfection of Wisdom


CBETA Code: T0254

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