---
title: "修行道地經 · 18 知人心念品(三)"
description: "《修行道地经》由西晋高僧竺法护翻译，是早期汉传佛教重要经典之一。竺法护作为敦煌菩萨，在西晋时期（265-316年）系统翻译了大量佛经，对佛教在中国传播起到关键作用。该经主要阐述修行者从初发心到证悟的完整修行次第，包含禅定修习、观想方法及智慧开发等内容，体系完整地呈现了大乘佛教的实践道路。作为瑜伽行派早期典籍，它为中国佛教禅修体系提供了理论基础，对后世天台宗、华严宗等宗派的修行理论产生深远影响，在汉传佛教经典中具有重要地位。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmcwg81gd02zel104t7m1ojnm"
---

### 修行道地經知人心念品第十八

> Chapter 18: Knowing the Thoughts of Others

不可計哀宣， 知眾所趣念，自覩心所思， 是非定放逸。志所懷至意， 解了無量智，而除諸瑕穢， 願歸尊最勝。

> Immeasurable compassion proclaims, Knowing the thoughts of all beings, Seeing the intentions within their hearts, Distinguishing negligence from right action. With a mind set on profound understanding, Gaining boundless wisdom, And removing all defilements, I take refuge in the Most Honored One.

其修行者以天眼視人及非人，是非、善惡、端政醜陋，徹覩心行所明窈冥，喜瞋恚者其心如斯，志和悅者當所趣矣。於是頌曰：

> When a practitioner cultivates the divine eye, they can see humans and non-humans clearly—their right and wrong, good and evil, beauty and ugliness. They penetrate the subtle workings of the mind, observing its hidden depths. A heart filled with anger and resentment moves in one direction, while a heart of harmony and joy moves in another. Thus it is said in verse:

天眼之徹視， 見諸人非人，覩察眾顏色， 亦覩心所念。知其意本元， 何緣獲此行，其修道悉省， 懷瞋及和悅。

> With the divine eye's clear vision, They see all beings, human and non-human, Observing their forms and appearances, And also discerning the thoughts in their minds. They understand the root of their intentions, The causes that shape their actions, Comprehending their paths of practice, Whether driven by anger or filled with joy.

譬如有人坐於江邊，見水中物魚、鼈、黿、鼉及無央數異類之蟲。修行如是，覩眾生心所念善惡，了了無疑，是名神通知他人心所念善惡。於是頌曰：

> Just as someone sitting by a river sees the creatures in the water—fish, turtles, soft-shelled turtles, crocodiles, and countless other kinds of living beings—so too does the practitioner observe the good and evil thoughts in the minds of all beings, with clarity and without doubt. This is called the supernatural knowledge of knowing the thoughts of others. Thus it is said in verse:

覺眼明了心清淨， 因修道行而獲斯，知他心念所思想， 猶如見樹根枝葉。

> With eyes of wisdom clear and mind pure, Through cultivation, this power they secure. They know the thoughts within others' minds, As clearly as seeing branches and roots entwined.

譬如賈客欲得水精之珠，便入江海則得此寶，并獲真珠、金剛、珊瑚、硨磲、馬瑙。修行如是，棄于睡眠專心在明，則得天眼并獲天耳、神足，自知己所從來，見他人本，是故修行當習覺明。於是頌曰：

> Just as a merchant seeking a crystal pearl enters the river and sea, and not only obtains that treasure but also gains true pearls, diamonds, coral, conch shells, and agate—so too does the practitioner, by abandoning drowsiness and focusing the mind on clarity, attain the divine eye, and along with it, the divine ear, supernatural powers, and the knowledge of one's own past lives and the origins of others. Therefore, in practice, one should cultivate wakeful awareness.

如以一事入江海， 而獲無數大珍寶，修行如是除睡眠， 天眼聽飛識本末。修行若斯志寂定， 今吾所宣如佛教，見無量色踰天眼， 覩眾生心念是非。其忍辱力踰於地， 柔軟安和過於水，秉志堅固如須彌， 越於人民超虛空。深慧過於江， 如海無瞋恨，其德莫能及， 願稽首最勝。其心而懷道， 諸天所嗟歎，執心而一定， 非以為歡喜。彼調柔等意， 非以所增減，明德無輕戲， 吾願稽首禮。

> Just as one object cast into the ocean yields countless treasures, So too does the practice that dispels sleep bring the divine eye and flight, knowing beginnings and ends. Practicing thus with tranquil resolve, as the Buddha taught, One sees boundless forms beyond divine sight, beholds the thoughts and judgments of all beings. His patience surpasses the earth, his gentleness and calm outshine water, His resolve stands firm like Mount Sumeru, transcending humankind and soaring beyond the sky. His wisdom runs deeper than rivers, his heart is free from anger like the sea, His virtue is beyond compare—I bow to the supreme one. His mind abides in the Way, praised by the gods, Steadfast and unwavering, not swayed by joy. Even-tempered and balanced, neither increased nor diminished, Radiant in virtue, free from frivolity—I bow in reverence.

假使修行心有輕戲，便當思惟愁慼之法：「會當歸死未得度脫，無常之法非歡喜時，所有恩愛會當別離。」於是頌曰：

> If your mind becomes frivolous or playful during practice, you should contemplate the nature of sorrow: "Death will come, yet I have not attained liberation. The nature of impermanence is not a time for joy. All attachments will inevitably be parted." As the verse says:

無數諸川流， 滿若耶氾水，未度死河法， 耗亂反歡喜。無量之恩愛， 不久當別離，非常之惡對， 各追隨罪福。

其修行者心自念言：「吾儻命終，不成道德亦未向道，或恐犯逆，不隨法教入于三塗，不得免濟無底之患，墮眾邪見得無迷惑？復更胞胎，將無積骨若如太山！或恐斷頭血如江海，或值涕泣淚如五河，與父母別，妻子無常，兄弟死亡，憂惱無量。」於是頌曰：

尚未得成道， 不斷恐死原，當更百千難， 當復入胞胎。未除憂慼根， 遇眾無量惱，不得歸聖道， 三塗自然開。

修行自念：「宿夜恐懼，儻墮禽獸非法之處，常懷害心轉相奪命，無有羞恥從冥入冥，已墮此患難復人身。一錢投海求之可得，已失人身難得於此。」於是頌曰：

貪婬所蓋怒癡冥， 欲杖所驅無羞慚，以入畜生之雲霧， 而墮此苦復人難。

行者自念：「我身將無墮於餓鬼？曾聞其人執持瓦器，盛以涕唾、膿血及人穢吐以為飲食，遍行乞匃。」於是頌曰：

以不淨之器， 瓦杅而不完，盛膿血涕唾， 服之如飲水；貪餮常鬪諍， 𣧑罪之所致，作行如是者， 則墮餓鬼道。