Cheng Guan was a prominent monk of the Tang Dynasty, renowned for his comprehensive commentary on the Avatamsaka Sutra, the "Chengshi Guan" (also known as the "Yuanjue Sutra"). Ming Deqing was a learned Buddhist scholar of the Ming Dynasty, known for his insightful annotations and summaries of various Buddhist texts, particularly his "Tiqie" series that elucidated complex sutras.